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Мовознавство - Syntax
Тут ви дізнаєтесь деякі англійські слова, пов’язані з синтаксисом, такі як «функціональне слово», «питальний» і «середній рід».
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Правопис
Вікторина
a sequence or chain of linguistic units, such as words or morphemes, that are linked together to form a larger structure
ланцюг, послідовність
the relationship between words or constituents in a sentence that determines their roles and functions within the sentence
граматичне відношення, граматичні зв'язки
a type of word that serves a grammatical or structural role in a sentence rather than carrying lexical meaning
функціональне слово, граматичне слово
a word, phrase, or clause that is mentioned prior to a pronoun or anaphoric expression and to which the pronoun or anaphor refers
антецедент, предшественник
a concept within the field of syntax and semantics in linguistics that refers to the grammatical and semantic relationships between pronouns, reflexives, and their antecedents within a sentence or discourse
зв'язок, зобов'язання
a syntactic relationship between two clauses where the subject of one clause determines the interpretation or reference of an element in the other clause
контроль, синтаксичний контроль
a linguistic relationship where two or more linguistic expressions within a discourse refer to the same entity in the world
кореференція, крос-зв'язок
a syntactic phenomenon in English where the auxiliary verb "do" is used to form questions, negatives, and emphatic statements in certain contexts
підтримка 'do', використання 'do'
a syntactic phenomenon in which a verb assigns accusative case to a noun phrase that is syntactically an object but semantically related to a higher clause
виняткове маркування випадків, виняткове призначення падежу
a syntactic process in which a constituent is moved from its canonical position to a non-canonical position in a sentence for the purpose of improving readability or emphasizing certain elements
екстрапозиція, екстрапозитив
a syntactic phenomenon where non-finite verbs or verb phrases are omitted in coordinated clauses, with only the shared elements being expressed, resulting in a shortened or elliptical sentence structure
гепінг, пропуск
a linguistic phenomenon where multiple verbs are consecutively combined in a single clause without explicit marking or coordination, resulting in a complex verb phrase
навалювання дієслів, вербальне складання
an empty or unpronounced position within a sentence or phrase, typically representing a missing word or element that is implied or understood from the context
пробіл, порожнеча
a sentence structure where a verb is missing, but the meaning can still be understood based on the context, creating a sense of omission or gap in the sentence
псевдопрогалини, псевдогеп
a syntactic process in which a verb or predicate raises its subject to a higher syntactic position, often resulting in a mismatch between the surface structure and the underlying syntactic structure
підвищення, підйом
a syntactic phenomenon where multiple constituents to the right of a shared verb are "raised" or elided, except for the rightmost one, creating a parallel structure
підняття правого вузла, підвищення правого вузла
the movement or reordering of constituents within a sentence, often for reasons of emphasis, focus, or stylistic variation
зміщення, переосмислення
(in syntax) a process of omitting some words or phrases of a clause which are repetitive and could be understood from the context
опущення, виключення
the linguistic process of placing a specific word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence to highlight and give emphasis to the topic being discussed
тематизація, топікалізація
a syntactic phenomenon in which the object of a verb appears to move to the subject position in a sentence, often resulting in a complex and challenging grammatical structure
складний рух, важкий рух
a grammatical aspect that indicates the beginning or initiation of an action or state
інхоативний аспект, аспект ініціації
(grammar) the use of a word or phrase that refers to or has the same meaning as a later word
катефора
(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender
схилення, граматичне схилення
the property of a verb or an event that indicates whether it is viewed as having a definite endpoint or culmination, distinguishing between activities and accomplishments or achievements
телічність, телічна природа
a word, sentence, etc. that is explanatory and the meaning of the sentence is complete without it being inserted, usually coming between curved brackets, commas or dashes
дужка, вставка
(grammar) a function word that is used to form a question
запитальне слово, інтерогатив
(grammar) the use of two adjacent noun phrases having the same referent that have the same syntactical role in a sentence
апозитив, аппозиція
a grammatical process where two or more words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance are joined together using conjunctions like "and" or "or" to express a relationship between them
координація, граматична координація
(grammar) the form of a word that indicates whether one, two, or more things or people are being referred to
число, кількість
(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter
рід, граматичний рід
(grammar) each of the three classes of pronouns that refers to who is speaking, who is being spoken to, or others that are not present during the conversation
особа, особа у граматиці
(grammar) a set of linguistic structures that refer to the speaker or writer of the discourse
перше особове
a grammatical structure or form of a word that refers to more than one
множинна форма, плюральна форма
(grammar) a gender of words that are neither masculine nor feminine
нейтральний рід
(grammar) any of the grammatical classes that words are categorized into, based on their usage in a sentence
a category of words that has a limited number of members and does not readily accept new additions, including pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, and certain adverbs
закрите класове слово, слово закритого класу
a category of words that can expand and accept new members, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
слово відкритого класу, термін відкритого класу
(grammar) the situation where words in a phrase have the same gender, person, or number
угода, узгодження
a linguistic category that indicates the relationship of a noun or pronoun to other words in a sentence, typically reflecting its role as a subject, object, or modifier
граматичний відмінок, синтаксичний відмінок
a word or phrase that connects a subordinate clause to a main clause, indicating a relationship of dependence or subordination between the two clauses
підрядний союз, союз залежності
(grammar) a word such as and, because, but, and or that connects phrases, sentences, or words
сполучник
a word or phrase that connects two or more elements of equal grammatical importance, such as words, phrases, or clauses, within a sentence
сочинний сполучник, координаційний сполучник
a pair of conjunctions that work together to connect two or more elements of equal importance in a sentence, such as "both...and," "either...or," and "neither...nor"
корелятивний союз, двоїстий союз
the grammatical rule that a verb must agree in number and person with its subject, meaning that a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb
узгодження підмета і присудка, злагода підмета з дієсловом
the placement of an element, typically a word or phrase, between other elements in a sentence, disrupting the typical linear order of constituents
інтерпозиція, розміщення
a word used to introduce a question or a relative clause, typically including words like "who," "what," "where," "when," "why," and "how"
питальне слово, відносне слово
a linguistic category that serves a grammatical or structural function in a sentence
функціональна категорія, синтаксична категорія
a word that joins two parts of a sentence, like the main clause and a subordinate clause, indicating how they relate to each other
комплементатор, союзне слово
a word or phrase that is used to emphasize or strengthen the meaning of another word or phrase in a sentence
інтенсифікатор
a linguistic phenomenon that involves expressing a single grammatical meaning using multiple words or a phrase instead of a single word
періфраза
(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion
вигук, виклик
a grammatical element that provides additional information or adds extra meaning to a sentence, but is not essential to its basic structure or meaning
додатковий елемент, ад'юнкт
an adverbial element that provides additional information or commentary on the main clause or sentence, expressing the speaker's attitude, viewpoint, or evaluation
дис'юнктив, дис'юнктивний елемент
a word or phrase that provides additional information or description about a noun, clarifying its characteristics, qualities, or attributes within a sentence
модифікатор іменника, доповнення до іменника
(grammar) a pair of words in the same grammatical category that are joined by a conjunction, usually 'and' or 'or', with a fixed order
біном
(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way
настрій, муд
(grammar) a form of the verb that indicates the time or duration of the action or state of the verb
час, напруження
(grammar) a word or phrase used to describe an action, state, or experience
дієслово
(grammar) a word that can replace a noun or noun phrase, such as she, it, they, etc.
займенник
(grammar) a word coming before a noun or noun phrase to specify its denotation
детермінант, артикль
a word that gives more information about a verb, adjective, or another adverb
прислівник
a word or a morpheme that combines with a noun phrase or a pronoun to express its syntactic relationship to other parts of a sentence
адпозиція
a grammatical error or deviation from accepted language norms that occurs in speech or writing
сольцизм
a type of language in which pronouns can be omitted or dropped from sentences without causing ambiguity or loss of grammaticality
пропускаюча мова, мова з опущенням займенників
a language in which sentence structure is influenced by the topic of discourse, emphasizing information rather than grammatical subjects or verbs
топіко-промінентна мова, мова з акцентом на тему
(grammar) a word or phrase that refers to a preceding word or phrase
анафора
