语言学 - Syntax

在这里，您将学习一些与语法相关的英语单词，例如“功能词”、“疑问词”和“中性”。

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语言学
antecedent
antecedent [名词]
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先行词

Ex: The antecedent of " they " is " the students . "

"they"的先行词是"the students"。

control
control [名词]
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控制

Ex:

"约翰决定早点离开，"其中"约翰"控制了对谁早点离开的解释。

gap
gap [名词]
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空缺

Ex: The grammar exercise required students to fill in each gap with the correct verb .

语法练习要求学生用正确的动词填入每个空缺。

declension
declension [名词]
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变格

Ex: Studying the declension patterns of Russian nouns can be challenging for language learners due to the extensive variations in endings .

学习俄语名词的变格模式对语言学习者来说可能具有挑战性，因为词尾的变化非常广泛。

parenthesis
parenthesis [名词]
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a word, phrase, or sentence inserted into a text to provide additional explanation, which can be removed without affecting the main sentence, enclosed in curved brackets, commas, or dashes

Ex: She inserted a parenthesis explaining the historical context .
interrogative
interrogative [名词]
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疑问词

Ex: Interrogatives in English often begin with question words like " who , " " what , " " where , " " when , " " why , " or " how . "

英语中的疑问词通常以“谁”、“什么”、“哪里”、“何时”、“为什么”或“如何”等疑问词开头。

apposition
apposition [名词]
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同位语

Ex: The phrase " Alice , the team leader , addressed the meeting " uses apposition to provide more information about Alice .

句子“爱丽丝，团队领导，在会议上发言”使用同位语来提供关于爱丽丝的更多信息。

number
number [名词]
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数

Ex: The subject-verb agreement rule states that a singular subject must agree with a singular verb in number , while a plural subject must agree with a plural verb .

主谓一致规则规定，单数主语必须在数上与单数动词一致，而复数主语必须与复数动词一致。

gender
gender [名词]
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性别

Ex: German is unique in that it also includes a neuter gender , in addition to masculine and feminine , for classifying nouns .

德语独特之处在于除了阳性和阴性外，还包括中性性别来分类名词。

person
person [名词]
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人称

Ex: First-person pronouns like ' I , ' ' me , ' and ' we ' refer to the speaker or speakers themselves , while second-person pronouns like ' you ' refer to the person or people being addressed .

第一人称代词如'我'、'我们'指的是说话者自己，而第二人称代词如'你'指的是被称呼的人或人们。

first-person
first-person [名词]
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(grammar) a grammatical category used to refer to the speaker or writer of a statement or discourse

Ex: She carefully distinguished first-person from third-person usage .
masculine
masculine [名词]
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a grammatical or social gender typically associated with male persons or male-classified objects

Ex: " Le roi " is a masculine in French grammar .
neuter
neuter [名词]
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中性

Ex: Latin has three genders : masculine , feminine , and neuter .

拉丁语有三种性别：阳性、阴性和中性。

feminine
feminine [名词]
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a gender category primarily associated with female persons or entities, including some objects classified as female

Ex: The teacher asked students to identify the feminine in each sentence .
part of speech
part of speech [短语]
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(grammar) any of the grammatical classes that words are categorized into, based on their usage in a sentence

Ex: When learning a new language , it 's essential to understand each word 's part of speech .
conjunction
conjunction [名词]
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连词

Ex:

语法测验测试了学生识别和正确使用从属连词的能力。

interjection
interjection [名词]
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感叹词

Ex: She used the word ' interjection ' in her English essay to demonstrate her understanding of grammar .

她在英语作文中使用了感叹词这个词来展示她对语法的理解。

adjunct
adjunct [名词]
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状语

Ex:

“带着微笑”在“他带着微笑向我打招呼”中是一个附加语。

tense
tense [名词]
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时态

Ex:

go的过去时态是went。

verb
verb [名词]
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动词

Ex: She has a list of verbs that she practices every day .

她有一个每天练习的动词列表。

noun
noun [名词]
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名词

Ex: Pronouns are used to replace nouns in sentences to avoid repetition .

代词用于替换句子中的名词以避免重复。

pronoun
pronoun [名词]
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代词

Ex: Using the correct pronoun is important for clarity in writing and speaking .

使用正确的代词对于写作和说话的清晰度很重要。

adjective
adjective [名词]
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形容词

Ex: Learning the correct placement of an adjective in a sentence is important in English grammar .

学习形容词在句子中的正确位置在英语语法中很重要。

adverb
adverb [名词]
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副词

Ex:

在英语中，副词经常修饰动词，为我们提供更多关于动作的信息。

anaphora
anaphora [名词]
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首语重复法

Ex: The poet used anaphora to create a rhythmic pattern and emphasize the central theme of the poem .

诗人使用首语重复法来创造节奏模式并强调诗的中心主题。

语言学
语言学的分支 语言理论与方法 语系 Linguistic Typology
形态学和词汇学 词源学与历史语言学 Semantics Syntax
句法结构 名词、代词和形容词 限定词、副词和介词 动词、时态和语气
语法格 Phonetics Phonology 书写系统
正字法和排版 Punctuation 语用学与话语分析 Sociolinguistics
Neurolinguistics Sign Language 语言学习与熟练度 与语言学相关的词汇