Khoa Học ACT - Chemistry
Ở đây, bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến hóa học, như "phóng xạ", "ống hút", "chuẩn độ", v.v., sẽ giúp bạn vượt qua kỳ thi ACT.
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Đố vui
a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure

polyme, đại phân tử
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass

đồng vị, dạng đồng vị
containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions

phóng xạ, có tính phóng xạ
a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule

liên kết cộng hóa trị, mối liên kết cộng hóa trị
a type of chemical bond between two atoms involving the sharing of two pairs of electrons, resulting in a stronger and more stable connection than a single bond

liên kết đôi, đôi liên kết
defining substances or surfaces that have a strong attraction to water molecules, allowing them to easily absorb or interact with water

ưa nước, có ái lực với nước
characterized by substances or surfaces that repel water molecules, showing little or no affinity for water

kỵ nước, đẩy nước
a chemical reaction that releases heat energy to its surroundings, typically resulting in a temperature increase

phản ứng tỏa nhiệt, phản ứng giải phóng nhiệt
a chemical process that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings, often resulting in a temperature decrease

phản ứng thu nhiệt, quá trình thu nhiệt
the weighted average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the masses of all its naturally occurring isotopes

khối lượng nguyên tử, trọng lượng nguyên tử
the total mass of all the atoms in a single molecule of a substance

khối lượng phân tử, trọng lượng phân tử
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

số khối, số lượng khối
a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents the amount of substance containing as many entities (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12

mol, lượng chất
a container usually made of glass or plastic used in chemistry and laboratory

cốc có mỏ, bình thí nghiệm
a laboratory tool used to measure and transfer small volumes of liquid

ống hút, ống nhỏ giọt
a device that spins samples to separate components based on density

máy ly tâm, ly tâm
a special paper treated with chemicals that change color in response to certain conditions, used to test for the presence of specific substances or measure pH levels

giấy chỉ thị, giấy quỳ
a tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties

bảng tuần hoàn, bảng tuần hoàn các nguyên tố hóa học
(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

hòa tan, tan
the process of dispersing or dissolving a substance into a solvent to form a homogeneous solution

sự hòa tan, sự phân tán
the arrangement, composition, and characteristics of a material at a microscopic level

vi cấu trúc, cấu trúc vi mô
denoting substances with a highly organized molecular structure, akin to crystals

tinh thể, kết tinh
the measure of how much of a substance is present in a certain volume of solution

nồng độ
a device used to analyze the chemical composition of small samples at a microscopic scale

đầu dò vi mô, thiết bị dò vi mô
a substance capable of absorbing and retaining a large amount of liquid relative to its own mass

siêu hấp thụ, vật liệu siêu hấp thụ
a type of metallic material composed of three or more elements mixed together in varying proportions

hợp kim đa thành phần, hợp kim nhiều thành phần
a tiny, tube-shaped structure made of carbon atoms, with remarkable strength and electrical properties

ống nano, ống cấu trúc nano
heated to a liquid state due to high temperatures

nóng chảy, ở trạng thái lỏng do nhiệt độ cao
a group of atoms bonded together that behaves as a single unit within a molecule

gốc tự do, nhóm chức
a phase is a distinct form of matter with uniform chemical and physical properties, separated from other forms by boundaries

pha, trạng thái
the process where calcium or calcium salts accumulate in a tissue, making it hard and rigid

sự vôi hóa, quá trình vôi hóa
the process by which microorganisms convert carbohydrates into alcohol, acids, or gases

lên men
to eliminate or neutralize harmful substances

giải độc, loại bỏ chất độc
to analyze or test a substance, typically in a laboratory setting, to determine its components or qualities

phân tích, kiểm tra
a scientist who studies the structure and properties of crystals

nhà tinh thể học, chuyên gia tinh thể học
a scientist who studies the chemical composition and processes of celestial bodies to understand the formation and evolution of the universe

nhà vũ trụ hóa học, nhà khoa học nghiên cứu thành phần hóa học và quá trình của các thiên thể
a laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of substances based on their differential affinities for a stationary phase and a mobile phase

sắc ký
a type of radioactive decay where a nucleus emits a beta particle (electron or positron) to transform a neutron into a proton or vice versa

phân rã beta, sự phân rã beta
not having an electrical charge

không tích điện, trung hòa
a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by gradually adding a reagent of known concentration until a reaction is completed

chuẩn độ, định lượng
a state in a chemical reaction where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products

cân bằng
a device that turns vapor into liquid by cooling it

bình ngưng, thiết bị làm lạnh
weak attractive forces between molecules or atoms, arising from temporary or induced dipoles

lực van der Waals, tương tác van der Waals
a scientist or engineer who specializes in the study and production of metals and alloys, including their properties, processing methods, and applications

nhà luyện kim, chuyên gia luyện kim
the process by which molecules of a substance adhere to the surface of a solid or liquid, forming a thin film or layer

sự hấp phụ, quá trình hấp phụ
a renewable, alternative fuel made from organic materials such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking grease

dầu diesel sinh học, nhiên liệu sinh học
(chemistry) the process of separating a liquid or solution into its parts by passing electricity through it

điện phân, sự phân giải điện ly
to disperse fine particles throughout a fluid so they remain evenly distributed without settling

treo, giữ ở trạng thái lơ lửng
a specific composition of a mixture of substances, typically metals or alloys, where the melting point is at its lowest possible temperature under atmospheric pressure

hỗn hợp eutectic, thành phần eutectic
to make a solution or mixture weaker or less concentrated by adding more liquid

pha loãng, làm loãng
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