ACT 科学 - Chemistry
在这里你将学习一些与化学相关的英语单词,如“radioactive”、“pipette”、“titration”等,这将帮助你在ACT考试中取得好成绩。
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a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure
聚合物
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass
同位素
containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions
放射性的
a type of chemical bond between two atoms involving the sharing of two pairs of electrons, resulting in a stronger and more stable connection than a single bond
双键
defining substances or surfaces that have a strong attraction to water molecules, allowing them to easily absorb or interact with water
亲水的
characterized by substances or surfaces that repel water molecules, showing little or no affinity for water
疏水的
a chemical reaction that releases heat energy to its surroundings, typically resulting in a temperature increase
放热反应
a chemical process that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings, often resulting in a temperature decrease
吸热反应
the weighted average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the masses of all its naturally occurring isotopes
原子质量
a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents the amount of substance containing as many entities (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12
摩尔
a special paper treated with chemicals that change color in response to certain conditions, used to test for the presence of specific substances or measure pH levels
指示纸
a tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties
周期表
the process of dispersing or dissolving a substance into a solvent to form a homogeneous solution
溶解化
the arrangement, composition, and characteristics of a material at a microscopic level
微观结构
denoting substances with a highly organized molecular structure, akin to crystals
晶体的
the measure of how much of a substance is present in a certain volume of solution
浓度
a device used to analyze the chemical composition of small samples at a microscopic scale
微探针
a substance capable of absorbing and retaining a large amount of liquid relative to its own mass
超吸收剂
a type of metallic material composed of three or more elements mixed together in varying proportions
多组分合金
a tiny, tube-shaped structure made of carbon atoms, with remarkable strength and electrical properties
纳米管
a phase is a distinct form of matter with uniform chemical and physical properties, separated from other forms by boundaries
相
the process where calcium or calcium salts accumulate in a tissue, making it hard and rigid
钙化
the process by which microorganisms convert carbohydrates into alcohol, acids, or gases
发酵
to analyze or test a substance, typically in a laboratory setting, to determine its components or qualities
分析
a scientist who studies the chemical composition and processes of celestial bodies to understand the formation and evolution of the universe
宇宙化学家
a laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of substances based on their differential affinities for a stationary phase and a mobile phase
色谱法
a type of radioactive decay where a nucleus emits a beta particle (electron or positron) to transform a neutron into a proton or vice versa
贝塔衰变
a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by gradually adding a reagent of known concentration until a reaction is completed
滴定
a state in a chemical reaction where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products
动态平衡
weak attractive forces between molecules or atoms, arising from temporary or induced dipoles
范德华力
a scientist or engineer who specializes in the study and production of metals and alloys, including their properties, processing methods, and applications
冶金师
the process by which molecules of a substance adhere to the surface of a solid or liquid, forming a thin film or layer
吸附
a renewable, alternative fuel made from organic materials such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking grease
生物柴油
(chemistry) the process of separating a liquid or solution into its parts by passing electricity through it
电解
to disperse fine particles throughout a fluid so they remain evenly distributed without settling
悬浮
a specific composition of a mixture of substances, typically metals or alloys, where the melting point is at its lowest possible temperature under atmospheric pressure
共晶