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SAT词汇技能2 - 第17课

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SAT Word Skills 2
cataclysm
cataclysm
[名词]

a sudden or disastrous event that destroys or changes a whole region or system

大灾难, 灾变

大灾难, 灾变

Ex: World War I represented a cataclysm that demolished long-standing political systems and redrew the map of Europe. 

第一次世界大战代表了一场大灾难,它摧毁了长期存在的政治体系并重新绘制了欧洲地图。

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catalyst
catalyst
[名词]

a person, thing, or event that provokes or accelerates change or activity by introducing new perspectives or actions

催化剂, 触发因素

催化剂, 触发因素

Ex: The unexpected merger served as a catalyst for industry-wide changes. 

意外的合并成为整个行业变革的催化剂。

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catapult
catapult
[名词]

a large weapon that was used in ancient times to throw stones or other objects with great force

投石机, 弹射器

投石机, 弹射器

Ex: Engineers worked to improve the counterweight and sling mechanisms on siege catapults to achieve more powerful ranges. 

工程师们努力改进攻城投石机的配重和投掷机制,以实现更强大的射程。

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cataract
cataract
[名词]

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

瀑布, 大瀑布

瀑布, 大瀑布

Ex: Boats had to navigate tricky channels and portage around sections obstructed by formidable cataracts. 

船只不得不航行在棘手的航道中,并在被 formidable 瀑布 阻挡的河段周围进行搬运。

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sphericity
sphericity
[名词]

the degree of roundness exhibited by a three-dimensional object

球度, 圆度

球度, 圆度

Ex: The robotic vision system analyzed the sphericity of objects on the conveyor belt to separate spherical caps from irregularly shaped items. 

机器人视觉系统分析了传送带上物体的球度,以将球帽从形状不规则的物品中分离出来。

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spheroid
spheroid
[名词]

(geometry) a round 3D shape like a ball that is slightly flattened at the top and bottom points

球体, 旋转椭球体

球体, 旋转椭球体

Ex: The Earth is not quite a sphere but is better described as an oblate spheroid flattened at the poles. 

地球并不完全是一个球体,但更准确地描述为在两极扁平的椭球体。

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spherometer
spherometer
[名词]

a measuring tool used to determine the roundness of a curved surface

球径仪, 用于测定曲面圆度的测量工具

球径仪, 用于测定曲面圆度的测量工具

Ex: The spherometer is an important instrument for testing the geometry and sphericalness of balls, bearings and other spherical components. 

球径仪是测试球体、轴承和其他球形部件的几何形状和球度的重要工具。

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emigrant
emigrant
[名词]

someone who moves from one country to another with the intention of settling there permanently

移民, 移居者

移民, 移居者

Ex: Australian history was shaped by the British convicts and later free settlers who came as emigrants. 

澳大利亚的历史是由英国罪犯和后来作为移民到来的自由定居者塑造的。

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to emigrate
to emigrate
[动词]

to leave one's own country in order to live in a foreign country

移民, 移居国外

移民, 移居国外

Ex: Every year thousands of people emigrate from developing nations seeking better economic prospects in Western Europe and North America. 

每年都有成千上万的人从发展中国家移民到西欧和北美寻求更好的经济前景。

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to perturb
to perturb
[动词]

to disturb or unsettle someone, causing them to feel worried or uneasy

扰乱, 使不安

扰乱, 使不安

Ex: The strange behavior of her usually calm cat perturbed her, making her wonder if something was wrong. 

她通常安静的猫的奇怪行为困扰了她,让她想知道是否出了什么问题。

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perturbation
perturbation
[名词]

a disruption or disturbance of a normal state of mind or emotions

扰乱, 干扰

扰乱, 干扰

Ex: Mood swings were a common perturbation that disrupted his mental well-being. 

情绪波动是一种常见的扰动,扰乱了他的心理健康。

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to baste
to baste
[动词]

to temporarily stitch two pieces of fabric together with long, loose stitches that can later be easily removed

疏缝, 粗缝

疏缝, 粗缝

Ex: I will baste the facing to the neckline so I can mark where I need to notch it before sewing it down permanently. 

我将疏缝贴边到领口,这样我就可以在永久缝制之前标记出需要剪口的位置。

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bastion
bastion
[名词]

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

棱堡, 堡垒

棱堡, 堡垒

Ex: Soldiers manned the battlements along the tops of the bastions, using the commanding views to spot any approaching enemy forces. 

士兵们驻守在堡垒顶部的城垛上,利用居高临下的视野发现任何接近的敌军。

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prodigal
prodigal
[名词]

someone who spends or uses resources recklessly or wastefully

挥霍者, 浪费者

挥霍者, 浪费者

Ex: The rock star lifestyle of fast cars, mansions and partying earned him a reputation as a prodigal with money. 

摇滚明星的生活方式,包括快车、豪宅和派对,使他在金钱上获得了挥霍者的名声。

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prodigious
prodigious
[形容词]

impressively great in amount or degree

巨大的, 可观的

巨大的, 可观的

Ex: She has a prodigious talent for playing the piano. 

她弹钢琴有着惊人的天赋。

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prodigy
prodigy
[名词]

a remarkable example of a particular quality, skill, or achievement

奇迹, 奇观

奇迹, 奇观

Ex: Da Vinci's inventions were true prodigies of imagination and engineering for his time. 

达芬奇的发明是他那个时代想象力和工程学真正的奇迹。

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lawgiver
lawgiver
[名词]

an individual, often a leader or authority figure, who possesses the power to create laws, particularly not directly elected by the people

立法者, 法律的给予者

立法者, 法律的给予者

Ex: Hammurabi, the sixth king of Babylon, is famous for the code of law he instituted, making him a legendary lawgiver from antiquity. 

巴比伦第六位国王汉谟拉比因他制定的法典而闻名,这使他成为古代传说中的立法者。

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lawmaker
lawmaker
[名词]

someone who can write or approve a law as a member of a legislative body, usually elected by people

立法者, 议员

立法者, 议员

Ex: After years of advocacy, the bill was finally passed when a critical mass of lawmakers recognized the urgent need for reform. 

经过多年的倡导,当一批关键的立法者认识到改革的迫切需要时,该法案终于获得通过。

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