C2级单词表 - Disaster and Pollution

Here you will learn all the essential words for talking about Disasters and Pollution, collected specifically for level C2 learners.

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calamity

[名词]

an event causing great and often sudden damage, distress, or destruction

灾难, 灾害

Ex: The dam 's failure resulted in a calamity, with a massive flood sweeping through the downstream areas .大坝的失败导致了一场**灾难**，巨大的洪水席卷了下游地区。

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cataclysm

[名词]

a sudden, violent natural disaster that drastically alters the earth's landscape

大灾难, 自然灾害

Ex: Landslides and rock avalanches are examples of relatively common terrestrial cataclysms that can develop with little warning .山体滑坡和岩石崩塌是相对常见的陆地**灾难**的例子，它们可以在几乎没有预警的情况下发展。

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ravage

[名词]

action that breeds severe damage or destruction

破坏, 蹂躏

Ex: The invasive species caused the ravage of local ecosystems , impacting native flora and fauna .入侵物种造成了当地生态系统的**破坏**，影响了本地动植物。

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conflagration

[名词]

an extremely intense and destructive fire

大火, 毁灭性火灾

Ex: The museum 's archives were tragically lost in the conflagration, erasing invaluable historical documents and artifacts .博物馆的档案在**大火**中悲剧性地丢失，抹去了无价的历史文件和文物。

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scourge

[名词]

a cause of widespread suffering or affliction

祸害, 灾难

Ex: Tsunamis are a natural scourge for coastal populations , causing immense destruction with their powerful waves .海啸是沿海居民的自然**灾祸**，其强大的波浪造成巨大的破坏。

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aftershock

[名词]

a smaller earthquake or tremor that follows the main shock of a seismic event

余震, 次级震动

Ex: Residents experienced anxiety as aftershocks continued to shake the area , prompting some to seek temporary shelter .居民们感到焦虑，因为**余震**继续震动该地区，促使一些人寻求临时避难所。

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temblor

[名词]

an earthquake caused by underground movement or volcanic activity

地震, 震动

Ex: The school conducted earthquake drills to ensure students knew what to do in the event of a temblor.学校进行了地震演习，以确保学生知道在发生**地震**时该怎么做。

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deluge

[名词]

a sudden and heavy rainfall

暴雨, 洪水

Ex: The weather forecast warned of an approaching deluge, urging residents to prepare for potential flooding and power outages .天气预报警告即将到来的**暴雨**，敦促居民为潜在的洪水和停电做好准备。

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salvage

[名词]

the act of saving or rescuing a ship or its cargo from loss, damage, or destruction

救助, 打捞

Ex: The salvage operation successfully recovered the cargo from the grounded ship , preventing environmental damage .**打捞**行动成功地从搁浅的船只上回收了货物，防止了环境破坏。

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epicenter

[名词]

the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly

震中, 中心

Ex: During the pandemic , the city became the epicenter of the outbreak , with hospitals struggling to manage the influx of patients .疫情期间，这座城市成为疫情的**震中**，医院难以应对涌入的患者。

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waterspout

[名词]

a tornado occurring over a body of water, characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud filled with water droplets or spray

水龙卷, 海龙卷

Ex: Residents along the waterfront observed a waterspout moving towards the shore , causing momentary concern .海滨的居民观察到一股**水龙卷**向岸边移动，引起了短暂的担忧。

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incinerator

[名词]

a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials

焚烧炉, 垃圾焚烧装置

Ex: The incinerator in the power plant contributes to electricity generation by burning coal and other combustible materials .发电厂中的**焚烧炉**通过燃烧煤炭和其他可燃材料来发电。

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biohazard

[名词]

a risk to human health or to the environment caused by a biological source, especially microorganisms

生物危害, 生化危机

Ex: Biohazard warning signs were posted around the contaminated area to alert people of the potential danger from biological sources .在污染区域周围张贴了**生物危害**警告标志，以提醒人们注意来自生物源的潜在危险。

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sludge

[名词]

a thick, muddy substance often found at the bottom of liquids, like wastewater or industrial fluids

污泥, 淤泥

Ex: Efforts to clean the oil spill involved specialized equipment to skim the sludge off the water surface .清理石油泄漏的努力涉及使用专门设备从水面撇去**污泥**。

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soot

[名词]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

煤烟, 烟灰

Ex: Historic buildings may undergo periodic cleaning to remove accumulated soot from their facades .历史建筑可能会进行定期清洁，以清除其外立面累积的**煤烟**。

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effluent

[名词]

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

污水, 液体废物

Ex: The effluent from agricultural fields , rich in fertilizers and pesticides , often finds its way into nearby streams , causing pollution and ecosystem imbalances .来自农田的**废水**富含肥料和农药，经常流入附近的溪流，造成污染和生态系统失衡。

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detritus

[名词]

waste or debris produced by the disintegration or decomposition of organic or inorganic matter

碎屑, 废物

Ex: Cleanup efforts focused on removing detritus from the riverbanks to restore the natural habitat .清理工作集中在从河岸清除**碎屑**以恢复自然栖息地。

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hazmat suit

[名词]

a protective garment worn by workers to safeguard against exposure to hazardous substances or environments

危险物质防护服, 防化服

Ex: Cleanup crews in hazmat suits worked diligently to decontaminate the site after the chemical spill , ensuring no traces of the hazardous material remained .化学泄漏后，穿着**防护服**的清理人员勤奋工作，对现场进行去污，确保没有危险物质的痕迹。

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fallout

[名词]

airborne particles, such as dust or debris, that settle after a nuclear explosion or similar event

放射性尘埃, 核 fallout

Ex: The military conducted studies on the behavior of fallout particles to better understand their dispersion .军方对**放射性尘埃**颗粒的行为进行了研究，以更好地了解它们的扩散。

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aerosol

[名词]

a suspension of tiny particles or droplets in the air

气溶胶

Ex: During the allergy season , many people suffer from symptoms triggered by aerosol particles like pollen and mold spores .在过敏季节，许多人因花粉和霉菌孢子等**气溶胶**颗粒引发的症状而受苦。

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particulate

[名词]

a small, discrete particle or substance, especially one suspended in air, such as dust, pollen, or soot

颗粒, 颗粒物

Ex: The industrial process includes filters to trap particulates before releasing exhaust into the environment .工业过程包括过滤器，用于在将废气释放到环境中之前捕获**颗粒物**。

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catalytic converter

[名词]

a device in a vehicle's exhaust system that reduces the emission of harmful pollutants by promoting chemical reactions that convert them into less harmful substances

催化转换器, 催化剂

Ex: Hybrid vehicles often use advanced catalytic converters to further minimize their environmental impact .混合动力汽车经常使用先进的**催化转化器**以进一步减少对环境的影响。

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unleaded

[形容词]

not containing lead or other additives harmful to the environment

无铅的, 不含铅的

Ex: The automotive industry transitioned to unleaded fuel to accommodate the use of catalytic converters in vehicles .汽车工业过渡到**无铅**燃料以适应车辆中催化转换器的使用。

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C2级单词表 - Disaster and Pollution