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a specialized calculator designed for solving complex mathematical and scientific equations, commonly used by students, engineers, and scientists
a type of calculator equipped with a built-in printer that produces a physical record of calculations
a type of calculator that allows users to write and execute customized programs to automate complex calculations
a type of calculator that operates on a postfix notation system, where operators follow their operands, offering simplicity and efficiency in engineering and scientific calculations
a device that performs arithmetic operations through mechanical means, often using gears, levers, and other physical mechanisms, predating electronic calculators
机械计算器,机械计算机
a mechanical or electronic device designed for performing arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
a tool used for counting and calculating that consists of a frame with rods or wires on which beads or stones are moved up and down using hands
算盘,算具
a set of numbered rods used for multiplication and division, invented by John Napier in the 17th century
a manual calculating tool with rows of beads or counters on rods or wires used for basic arithmetic operations
a tool with marked rods or sticks used in ancient math, especially in Chinese and Japanese traditions
a mechanical calculator developed in the late 19th century, featuring multiple rows of keys corresponding to digits
a mechanical calculator designed by Charles Babbage in the 19th century, intended to perform mathematical calculations automatically by the method of finite differences, considered a precursor to modern computers
an early mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in the 17th century, capable of performing addition and subtraction through gear mechanisms, considered one of the first mechanical calculators
a compact, hand-cranked mechanical calculator invented by Curt Herzstark in the 1940s, renowned for its innovative design and portability, capable of performing complex arithmetic calculations
a mechanical analog device used for mathematical calculations, consisting of two logarithmic scales that slide past each other
