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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic - Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (2) in the Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
influence
[noun]

a mental factor that impacts actions or decisions

Ex: Educational experiences often serve as a major influence on career choices .
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to help something progress or succeed

Ex: The nonprofit 's mission was to advance social justice by addressing systemic issues .
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contact
[noun]

an individual with whom one has established a professional or personal relationship, typically for the purpose of obtaining information, assistance, etc.

Ex: John 's uncle , who works at a major law firm , has been a valuable contact for him in his legal career .
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study
[noun]

a room in a house where a person reads or writes something

Ex: Her study is organized with shelves lined with textbooks and reference materials .
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a fact or piece of information gathered by noticing or watching something carefully

Ex: Her observations during the field study revealed unexpected patterns in animal behavior .
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extensive
[Adjective]

covering a wide range, indicating thoroughness or comprehensiveness

Ex: Her extensive criminal background was revealed during the routine background check .
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the creation of theories or opinions about something with no fact or proof

Ex: Speculation about the upcoming election results sparked lively discussions .
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parallel
[Adjective]

having a comparable nature, structure, or function to something else

Ex: The economic trends of these regions have been largely parallel over the last decade .
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someone who writes the story about the events of someone's life

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accurate
[Adjective]

(of measurements, information, etc.) free from errors and matching facts

Ex: The historian ’s account of the war was accurate, drawing from primary sources .
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to develop into a recognizable or distinct form or structure

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to evolve
[Verb]

to develop from a simple form to a more complex or sophisticated one over an extended period

Ex: Scientific theories evolve as new evidence and understanding emerge .
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firmly
[Adverb]

in a resolute, determined, or unwavering manner, often indicating certainty or strength of conviction

Ex: The government firmly enforced the new regulations to ensure compliance .
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to believe something to be the case

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sense
[noun]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

Ex: He could n't shake the sense that something bad was about to happen .
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apparent
[Adjective]

seeming to be true but not necessarily

Ex: Her apparent disinterest was just because she was tired .
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considering things from a past point of view

Ex: The policy changes were implemented retrospectively to address past issues .
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an event that happens by chance, especially a fortunate one

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coherent
[Adjective]

logical and consistent, forming a unified and clear whole, especially in arguments, theories, or policies

Ex: The professor gave a coherent explanation of the theory , tying everything together .
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narrative
[noun]

a way of telling a story or explaining a situation to support a particular view or goal

Ex: Activists used a compelling narrative to advocate for social change .
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to doubt a fact or to call its truth into question

Ex: They disputed the company 's assertion that they had breached the contract .
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to defend
[Verb]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

Ex: The writer ’s latest book aims to defend her controversial views on social issues .
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respected
[Adjective]

admired and valued by others for one's qualities, achievements, or actions

Ex: The respected teacher earned admiration from students and colleagues alike for her dedication and expertise .
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a printed work, such as a book, magazine, etc. that is publicly distributed

Ex: The publication of the scandalous article caused an uproar .
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to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

Ex: As a hiker , you need to rely on proper gear for safety in the wilderness .
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range
[noun]

a variety of things that are different but are of the same general type

Ex: The company produces a range of products , from household appliances to personal care items .
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modest
[Adjective]

rather small in amount, extent, size, value, etc.

Ex: She wore a modest dress to the event , which was both elegant and understated .
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vast
[Adjective]

extremely great in extent, size, or area

Ex: From the top of the mountain , they could see the vast valley below , dotted with tiny villages .
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record-breaking
[Adjective]

surpassing anything that has been done before, particularly beyond any previous record

Ex: The film had a record-breaking opening weekend at the box office .
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debate
[noun]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

Ex: The debate over healthcare reform continues to be a contentious issue in politics .
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hazardous
[Adjective]

presenting danger or threat, particularly to people's health or safety

Ex: The hazardous materials spillage required immediate evacuation of the area .
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a specific manner of considering something

Ex: The documentary provided a global perspective on climate change and its impact .
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desirable
[Adjective]

worth doing or having

Ex: The new smartphone boasted many desirable features , including a high-resolution camera and long battery life .
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to mention or express something in few words

Ex: The weather forecast indicated a chance of rain later in the day .
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particularly
[Adverb]

to a degree that is higher than usual

Ex: The new employee was particularly skilled at problem-solving .
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ambitious
[Adjective]

trying or wishing to gain great success, power, or wealth

Ex: His ambitious nature led him to take on challenging projects that others deemed impossible , proving his capabilities time and again .
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to adopt
[Verb]

to accept, embrace, or incorporate a particular idea, practice, or belief into one's own behavior or lifestyle

Ex: Many individuals adopt a minimalist lifestyle to promote sustainability
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to doubt
[Verb]

to not believe or trust in something's truth or accuracy

Ex: It 's common to doubt the reliability of information found on the internet .
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to ensure
[Verb]

to make sure that something will happen

Ex: The captain ensured the safety of the passengers during the storm .
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sufficient
[Adjective]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

Ex: The evidence presented in court was deemed sufficient to convict the defendant .
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guide
[noun]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

Ex: The experienced sailor was a guide for the crew during the storm .
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to be understandable in a way that is reasonable

Ex: It makes sense to save money for emergencies rather than spending it all at once.
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to urge
[Verb]

to strongly recommend something

Ex: The professor urged reflection on historical events to better understand contemporary social issues .
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an abrupt event that stops or disrupts something in progress

Ex: Construction noise led to frequent interruptions in the office 's workday .
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a decision to reverse an earlier decision

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renewed
[Adjective]

restored to a new condition

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to entail
[Verb]

to require or involve certain actions, conditions, or consequences as a necessary part of a situation or decision

Ex: Pursuing a career in medicine entails years of studying and practical experience .
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to produce a newspaper, book, etc. for the public to purchase

Ex: The university press publishes academic journals regularly .
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exception
[noun]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

Ex: The car insurance policy includes coverage for most damages, with the exception of those caused by natural disasters.
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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
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