الأكاديمي IELTS (النطاق 6-7) - Biology

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

إنزيم, محفز

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

غشاء

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

نسيج, نسيج عضلي

(biology) the colorless liquid part of the blood in which the blood cells are suspended

بلازما

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

دهون, مادة دهنية

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

حمض أميني

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

تشابك عصبي

the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents

الجينوم

a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes

انقسام ميوزي

a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

انقسام متساوي

a branching extension of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons and conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body

دندريت

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

محور الخلية العصبية

the system of glands and organs that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various physiological functions and maintaining homeostasis

نظام الغدد الصماء, علم الغدد الصماء

a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes or mucus, through ducts that lead to the external environment or a body cavity, rather than directly into the bloodstream

غدة خارجية, غدة إفرازية

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

الكورتيزول

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

محفز, مثير

a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances

حويصلة, حويصلة خلوية