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a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
酶, 催化剂
(biology) the colorless liquid part of the blood in which the blood cells are suspended
血浆
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
脂类, 脂质
a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
突触
the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents
基因型
a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes
减数分裂
a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
有丝分裂
a branching extension of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons and conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body
树突
a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells
轴突
the system of glands and organs that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various physiological functions and maintaining homeostasis
内分泌系统, 内分泌学
a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes or mucus, through ducts that lead to the external environment or a body cavity, rather than directly into the bloodstream
外分泌腺, 外分泌腺体
a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases
皮质醇
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology
刺激, 刺激物
a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances
囊泡, 细胞囊泡
