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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 6-7) - Biyolohiya

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Biology na kinakailangan para sa Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
enzyme
enzyme
[Pangngalan]

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzyme

enzyme

Ex: Enzymes play a crucial role in digestion, breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body. 
membrane
membrane
[Pangngalan]

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

lamad, balat

lamad, balat

Ex: The cell membrane protects the interior of the cell. 

Ang membrane ng selula ay nagpoprotekta sa loob ng selula.

tissue
tissue
[Pangngalan]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 

Ang tisyu ng kalamnan ay nagbibigay-daan sa paggalaw at sumusuporta sa istruktura ng katawan.

plasma
plasma
[Pangngalan]

(biology) the colorless liquid part of the blood in which the blood cells are suspended

plasma

plasma

lipid
lipid
[Pangngalan]

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid, taba

lipid, taba

Ex: Lipids make up the outer barrier of every cell in your body. 
amino acid
amino acid
[Pangngalan]

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

amino asido, asidong amino

amino asido, asidong amino

Ex: Your body needs twenty different amino acids to build all the proteins it requires. 
synapse
synapse
[Pangngalan]

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

synapse, sugpong ng dalawang nerve cell

synapse, sugpong ng dalawang nerve cell

Ex: Neurotransmitters released into the synapse bind to receptors on the receiving neuron, facilitating the transmission of nerve impulses. 

Ang mga neurotransmitter na inilabas sa synapse ay nakakabit sa mga receptor sa tumatanggap na neuron, na nagpapadali sa paghahatid ng nerve impulses.

genotype
genotype
[Pangngalan]

the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents

henotipo

henotipo

Ex: The genotype of an individual is responsible for the inheritance of specific traits, such as eye color and height. 

Ang genotype ng isang indibidwal ay responsable sa pagmamana ng mga tiyak na katangian, tulad ng kulay ng mata at taas.

meiosis
meiosis
[Pangngalan]

a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes

meiosis, paghati ng selula na nagbabawas sa bilang ng mga chromosome

meiosis, paghati ng selula na nagbabawas sa bilang ng mga chromosome

Ex: Meiosis ensures genetic diversity by creating haploid cells with unique combinations of chromosomes. 

Ang meiosis ay nagsisiguro ng genetic diversity sa pamamagitan ng paglikha ng haploid cells na may natatanging kombinasyon ng chromosomes.

mitosis
mitosis
[Pangngalan]

a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

mitosis, pantay na paghahati ng selula

mitosis, pantay na paghahati ng selula

Ex: Mitosis is essential for the growth and development of multicellular organisms, as it results in the production of new cells. 

Ang mitosis ay mahalaga para sa paglaki at pag-unlad ng mga multicellular na organismo, dahil nagreresulta ito sa produksyon ng mga bagong selula.

endocrine
endocrine
[Pangngalan]

the system of glands and organs that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various physiological functions and maintaining homeostasis

sistemang endocrine, endocrine

sistemang endocrine, endocrine

Ex: The endocrine system includes glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas, each producing specific hormones. 

Ang sistemang endokrina ay kinabibilangan ng mga glandula tulad ng pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, at pancreas, bawat isa ay gumagawa ng partikular na mga hormone.

exocrine
exocrine
[Pangngalan]

a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes or mucus, through ducts that lead to the external environment or a body cavity, rather than directly into the bloodstream

exocrine, glandulang exocrine

exocrine, glandulang exocrine

Ex: Salivary glands are examples of exocrine glands that secrete saliva into the oral cavity through ducts, aiding in digestion. 

Ang mga salivary gland ay mga halimbawa ng exocrine gland na naglalabas ng laway sa oral cavity sa pamamagitan ng mga ducts, na tumutulong sa pagtunaw.

cortisol
cortisol
[Pangngalan]

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

cortisol, isang steroid hormone na ginagawa ng katawan at ginagamit sa medisina para tulungan na gamutin ang mga sakit sa balat

cortisol, isang steroid hormone na ginagawa ng katawan at ginagamit sa medisina para tulungan na gamutin ang mga sakit sa balat

Ex: High levels of cortisol can increase stress and anxiety. 

Ang mataas na antas ng cortisol ay maaaring magpalala ng stress at anxiety.

stimulus
stimulus
[Pangngalan]

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

pampasigla, stimulus

pampasigla, stimulus

Ex: In therapy, therapists may use various stimuli, such as images or prompts, to evoke emotional responses and facilitate discussion. 

Sa therapy, maaaring gumamit ang mga therapist ng iba't ibang stimulus, tulad ng mga larawan o prompts, upang pukawin ang emosyonal na mga tugon at mapadali ang talakayan.

axon
axon
[Pangngalan]

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

akson, neurite

akson, neurite

Ex: The axon extended the entire length of the leg to transmit signals from the spinal cord. 
vesicle
vesicle
[Pangngalan]

a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances

vesicle, vacuole

vesicle, vacuole

Ex: Peroxisomes are vesicles containing enzymes that participate in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of fatty acids. 

Ang mga peroxisome ay mga vesicle na naglalaman ng mga enzyme na lumalahok sa iba't ibang metabolic process, kabilang ang pagkasira ng fatty acids.

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