Akademicki IELTS (Pasmo 6-7) - Biology

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzym, katalizator

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

błona

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tkanka, tkanka mięśniowa

(biology) the colorless liquid part of the blood in which the blood cells are suspended

osocze

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid, substancja lipidowa

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

aminokwas

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

synapsa

the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents

genotyp

a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes

mejoza

a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

mitoza

a branching extension of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons and conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body

dendryt

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

akson

the system of glands and organs that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various physiological functions and maintaining homeostasis

układ hormonalny, endokrynologia

a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes or mucus, through ducts that lead to the external environment or a body cavity, rather than directly into the bloodstream

gruczoł egzokrynny, gruczoł zewnętrzny

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

kortyzol

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

bodziec, stymulator

a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances

wawel, wawel komórkowy