Academic IELTS (Banda 6-7) - Biology

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzimă, catalizator

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

membrană

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

țesut, țesut muscular

(biology) the colorless liquid part of the blood in which the blood cells are suspended

plasmă

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid, substanță lipidică

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

aminoacizi

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

sinapsă

the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents

genotip

a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes

meioză

a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

mitoză

a branching extension of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons and conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body

dendrită

a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells

axon

the system of glands and organs that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various physiological functions and maintaining homeostasis

sistemul endocrin, endocrinologie

a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes or mucus, through ducts that lead to the external environment or a body cavity, rather than directly into the bloodstream

glandă exocrină, glandă de secreție externă

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

cortizol

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

stimul, impuls

a small, membrane-bound sac within a cell, involved in the transport, storage, or release of substances

veziculă, veziculă celulară