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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 8-9) - Krajina a geografie

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s krajinou a geografií, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
strait
[Podstatné jméno]

a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

úžina, průliv

úžina, průliv

Ex: In Southeast Asia, the Strait of Malacca is a critical maritime passage between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
glacier
[Podstatné jméno]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ledovec, glaciér

ledovec, glaciér

Ex: The farm uses renewable energy to power its operations.
savannah
[Podstatné jméno]

an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

savanna, savan

savanna, savan

Ex: The Serengeti Plain in East Africa is a savannah known for its annual wildebeest migration .
meridian
[Podstatné jméno]

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

poledník, meridián

poledník, meridián

Ex: Geographers meridians to analyze spatial relationships and understand how human activities are distributed across different regions of the world .
topography
[Podstatné jméno]

the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area, including elevation, slope, landforms, and bodies of water

topografie, terén

topografie, terén

Ex: Satellite imagery provides a detailed view of topography of remote and inaccessible areas .
cartography
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps

kartografie, mapování

kartografie, mapování

Ex: Cartography blends science and art in map-making .
atoll
[Podstatné jméno]

a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

atoll, korálový ostrov

atoll, korálový ostrov

Ex: The Rangiroa Atoll in French Polynesia is one of the atolls in the world , featuring a vast lagoon .
creek
[Podstatné jméno]

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

potok, bystrina

potok, bystrina

Ex: Wildflowers lined the edges of creek, adding a burst of color to the landscape .
tributary
[Podstatné jméno]

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

přítok, přívles

přítok, přívles

Ex: Navigating through the heart of Europe , the Danube River gains strength as it tributaries like the Inn and Drava Rivers .
marsh
[Podstatné jméno]

an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

rašeliniště, mokřad

rašeliniště, mokřad

Ex: The marsh grasses played a vital role in preventing soil erosion along the edges of the riverbank.
escarpment
[Podstatné jméno]

a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

sráz, eskarpment

sráz, eskarpment

Ex: escarpment created a dramatic backdrop for the waterfall , enhancing its scenic beauty .
butte
[Podstatné jméno]

a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

břit, kopec

břit, kopec

Ex: Shiprock in New Mexico is an impressive butte that stands out prominently in the flat landscape .
cataract
[Podstatné jméno]

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

vodopád, kaskáda

vodopád, kaskáda

Ex: The series of cataracts blocked further upstream travel along this stretch of river .
crater
[Podstatné jméno]

the round top of a volcano

kráter, vrchol sopky

kráter, vrchol sopky

Ex: The volcanic crater was filled with lava that glowed orange at night.
estuary
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

ústí, zátoka

ústí, zátoka

Ex: Environmentalists work to estuaries from pollution and habitat destruction .
fjord
[Podstatné jméno]

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

fjord, fjord (noun)

fjord, fjord (noun)

Ex: fjords created by the Harding Icefield in Alaska showcase unique features and diverse wildlife .
geyser
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

gejzír, horký pramen

gejzír, horký pramen

Ex: Sol de Mañana in Bolivia is a geothermal field with geysers, creating a surreal landscape of steam vents and bubbling pools .
isthmus
[Podstatné jméno]

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

isthmus, pevninský pruh

isthmus, pevninský pruh

Ex: The isthmus between the Mediterranean and Red Seas has long been a focal point of maritime commerce , influencing the development of civilizations in the region .
lagoon
[Podstatné jméno]

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

laguna, laguna (coby jezírko)

laguna, laguna (coby jezírko)

Ex: The Okavango Delta in Botswana lagoons and water channels , attracting a rich variety of wildlife .
precipice
[Podstatné jméno]

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

sráz, propast

sráz, propast

Ex: He felt a thrill standing at precipice of the towering rock face .
ravine
[Podstatné jméno]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

roklina, soutěska

roklina, soutěska

Ex: Geologists study the formation ravines to understand how water shapes the Earth 's surface over millennia .
altitude
[Podstatné jméno]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

nadmořská výška, výška

nadmořská výška, výška

Ex: Meteorologists altitude variations to understand atmospheric pressure changes .
knoll
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

pahorek, hříbek

pahorek, hříbek

Ex: A group of friends gathered on knoll for a sunset picnic , enjoying the warm hues of the evening sky .
terrain
[Podstatné jméno]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terén, půda

terén, půda

Ex: Farmers adapted their cultivation techniques to suit the terrain of their land , employing terracing on slopes and irrigation systems in low-lying areas to optimize agricultural productivity .
boulder
[Podstatné jméno]

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

balvan, skála

balvan, skála

Ex: The archaeologists discovered ancient petroglyphs carved into the surface of boulder, offering insights into the beliefs of past civilizations .
shingle
[Podstatné jméno]

a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

oblázková pláž, sypaný břeh

oblázková pláž, sypaný břeh

Ex: The river 's course shifted over time , creating shingle bar along its newly formed bank .
cape
[Podstatné jméno]

a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water

mys, kap

mys, kap

Ex: Over time , the elements sculpted cape into a dynamic landform , showcasing the forces of nature at work .
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