آیلتس آکادمیک (باند 8 و بالاتر) - منظر و جغرافیا

a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

تنگه, کانال، آبراهه

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

یخچال طبیعی

an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

گرم‌دشت

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

نصف‌النهار

the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area, including elevation, slope, landforms, and bodies of water

توپوگرافی, نقشه‌برداری زمین

a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps

نقشه‌نگاری

a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

جزیره‌ مرجانی

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

نهر

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

ریزابه

an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

مرداب

a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

دیواره (زمین‌شناسی)

a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

تپه

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

آبشار

the round top of a volcano

دهانه آتشفشان

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

پای‌رود, دهانه رود، مصب، خور رودخانه‌ای

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

آبدره

a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

آبفشان

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

باریکه خاکی, تنگه

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

تالاب

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

پرتگاه, سراشیبی

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

دره تنگ و عمیق, آبکند

the distance between an object or point and sea level

ارتفاع (جغرافیا)

a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

تپه کوچک

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

ناهمواری, زمین

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

تخته‌سنگ, گرداله

a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

ساحل سنگی

a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water

قطعه زمین واقع در آب