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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 8-9) - Ландшафт и География

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с ландшафтом и географией, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
strait
strait
[существительное]

a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

пролив

пролив

Ex: The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. 
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glacier
glacier
[существительное]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ледник

ледник

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 
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savannah
savannah
[существительное]

an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

саванна

саванна

Ex: The African savannah is home to diverse wildlife, including lions, elephants, and zebras. 
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meridian
meridian
[существительное]

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

меридиан

меридиан

Ex: The Prime Meridian, located at Greenwich, England, serves as the reference point for measuring longitude around the globe. 
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topography
topography
[существительное]

the arrangement and physical features of a surface, including its natural and man-made elements

топография

топография

Ex: The topography of the valley made road construction difficult. 
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cartography
cartography
[существительное]

a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps

картография

картография

Ex: Cartography involves creating detailed maps. 
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atoll
atoll
[существительное]

a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

атолл, кольцевой коралловый риф с лагуной посередине

атолл, кольцевой коралловый риф с лагуной посередине

Ex: The Maldives is a nation composed of numerous atolls, known for its stunning coral reefs and crystal-clear lagoons. 
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creek
creek
[существительное]

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

ручей, речушка

ручей, речушка

Ex: The children played by the creek, skipping stones and exploring the banks. 
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tributary
tributary
[существительное]

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

приток, приточная река

приток, приточная река

Ex: The Missouri River is a major waterway, with numerous tributaries joining its flow. 
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marsh
marsh
[существительное]

an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

болото, трясина

болото, трясина

Ex: A wooden boardwalk provided a dry path through the marsh, allowing visitors to explore the wetland ecosystem. 
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escarpment
escarpment
[существительное]

a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

обрыв, уступ

обрыв, уступ

Ex: The Grand Canyon features a massive escarpment, revealing layers of geological history. 
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butte
butte
[существительное]

a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

останец

останец

Ex: Monument Valley in the southwestern United States is famous for its iconic buttes, rising dramatically from the desert floor. 
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cataract
cataract
[существительное]

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

водопад

водопад

Ex: Tourists gathered to admire the majestic cataract plunging over the rocky cliff face. 
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crater
crater
[существительное]

the round top of a volcano

кратер

кратер

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 
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estuary
estuary
[существительное]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

устье реки

устье реки

Ex: The estuary teemed with marine life, providing a vital habitat for many species. 
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fjord
fjord
[существительное]

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

фьорд, ледниковая бухта

фьорд, ледниковая бухта

Ex: The Norwegian coast is renowned for its stunning fjords, with deep blue waters surrounded by towering cliffs. 
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geyser
geyser
[существительное]

a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

гейзер, периодически фонтанирующий горячий источник

гейзер, периодически фонтанирующий горячий источник

Ex: Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park is one of the most famous geysers, erupting regularly with impressive displays. 
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isthmus
isthmus
[существительное]

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

перешеек

перешеек

Ex: The Isthmus of Panama serves as a crucial land bridge connecting North and South America, facilitating the exchange of flora and fauna between the continents. 
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lagoon
lagoon
[существительное]

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

лагуна, лагун

лагуна, лагун

Ex: The lagoons of the Maldives are known for their turquoise waters and vibrant coral reefs. 
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precipice
precipice
[существительное]

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

пропасть

пропасть

Ex: They stood on the edge of the precipice, looking down at the valley below. 
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ravine
ravine
[существительное]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

ущелье

ущелье

Ex: The ravine cut through the forest, its steep sides marked by erosion from the flowing creek at its base. 
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altitude
altitude
[существительное]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

высота, высота над уровнем моря

высота, высота над уровнем моря

Ex: The airplane reached a cruising altitude of 30,000 feet above sea level. 
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knoll
knoll
[существительное]

a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

холмик, бугор

холмик, бугор

Ex: The picnic area was situated atop a gentle knoll, offering a panoramic view of the surrounding countryside. 
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terrain
terrain
[существительное]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

ландшафт

ландшафт

Ex: The rugged terrain of the mountainous region posed a significant challenge for the hikers, requiring careful navigation and endurance. 
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boulder
boulder
[существительное]

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

Валун

Валун

Ex: A massive boulder sat at the edge of the cliff, weathered by centuries of wind and rain. 
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shingle
shingle
[существительное]

a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

галька, галечный пляж

галька, галечный пляж

Ex: The shingle beach along the Mediterranean coast was dotted with multicolored pebbles. 
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cape
cape
[существительное]

a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water

мыс, полуостров

мыс, полуостров

Ex: Along the rugged coastline, a cape jutted into the sea, forming a natural barrier against the crashing waves. 
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