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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9) - 風景と地理

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な風景と地理に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
strait
strait
[名詞]

a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

海峡, 水路

海峡, 水路

Ex: The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea. 
glacier
glacier
[名詞]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

氷河, 永久氷

氷河, 永久氷

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 
savannah
savannah
[名詞]

an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

サバンナ, 熱帯草原

サバンナ, 熱帯草原

Ex: The African savannah is home to diverse wildlife, including lions, elephants, and zebras. 
meridian
meridian
[名詞]

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

子午線, 経線

子午線, 経線

Ex: The Prime Meridian, located at Greenwich, England, serves as the reference point for measuring longitude around the globe. 
topography
topography
[名詞]

the arrangement and physical features of a surface, including its natural and man-made elements

地形, 地形の構成

地形, 地形の構成

Ex: The topography of the valley made road construction difficult. 
cartography
cartography
[名詞]

a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps

地図作成

地図作成

Ex: Cartography involves creating detailed maps. 
atoll
atoll
[名詞]

a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

環礁, 真ん中にラグーンがある円形のサンゴ礁

環礁, 真ん中にラグーンがある円形のサンゴ礁

Ex: The Maldives is a nation composed of numerous atolls, known for its stunning coral reefs and crystal-clear lagoons. 
creek
creek
[名詞]

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

小川, クリーク

小川, クリーク

Ex: The children played by the creek, skipping stones and exploring the banks. 
tributary
tributary
[名詞]

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

支流, 分流

支流, 分流

Ex: The Missouri River is a major waterway, with numerous tributaries joining its flow. 
marsh
marsh
[名詞]

an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

沼地, 湿地

沼地, 湿地

Ex: A wooden boardwalk provided a dry path through the marsh, allowing visitors to explore the wetland ecosystem. 
escarpment
escarpment
[名詞]

a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

急斜面, 崖

急斜面, 崖

Ex: The Grand Canyon features a massive escarpment, revealing layers of geological history. 
butte
butte
[名詞]

a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

ビュート, 台地

ビュート, 台地

Ex: Monument Valley in the southwestern United States is famous for its iconic buttes, rising dramatically from the desert floor. 
cataract
cataract
[名詞]

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

滝, 大瀑布

滝, 大瀑布

Ex: Tourists gathered to admire the majestic cataract plunging over the rocky cliff face. 
crater
crater
[名詞]

the round top of a volcano

火口

火口

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 
estuary
estuary
[名詞]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

河口, 三角江

河口, 三角江

Ex: The estuary teemed with marine life, providing a vital habitat for many species. 
fjord
fjord
[名詞]

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

フィヨルド, 氷河の入り江

フィヨルド, 氷河の入り江

Ex: The Norwegian coast is renowned for its stunning fjords, with deep blue waters surrounded by towering cliffs. 
geyser
geyser
[名詞]

a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

間欠泉, 定期的に沸騰した水と蒸気の柱を噴出する天然の温泉

間欠泉, 定期的に沸騰した水と蒸気の柱を噴出する天然の温泉

Ex: Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park is one of the most famous geysers, erupting regularly with impressive displays. 
isthmus
isthmus
[名詞]

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

地峡, 狭い土地

地峡, 狭い土地

Ex: The Isthmus of Panama serves as a crucial land bridge connecting North and South America, facilitating the exchange of flora and fauna between the continents. 
lagoon
lagoon
[名詞]

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

ラグーン, 潟

ラグーン, 潟

Ex: The lagoons of the Maldives are known for their turquoise waters and vibrant coral reefs. 
precipice
precipice
[名詞]

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

断崖

断崖

Ex: They stood on the edge of the precipice, looking down at the valley below. 
ravine
ravine
[名詞]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

峡谷,  渓谷

峡谷, 渓谷

Ex: The ravine cut through the forest, its steep sides marked by erosion from the flowing creek at its base. 
altitude
altitude
[名詞]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

高度

高度

Ex: The airplane reached a cruising altitude of 30,000 feet above sea level. 
knoll
knoll
[名詞]

a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

小丘, 塚

小丘, 塚

Ex: The picnic area was situated atop a gentle knoll, offering a panoramic view of the surrounding countryside. 
terrain
terrain
[名詞]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

地形, 風景

地形, 風景

Ex: The rugged terrain of the mountainous region posed a significant challenge for the hikers, requiring careful navigation and endurance. 
boulder
boulder
[名詞]

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

巨石, 大きな岩

巨石, 大きな岩

Ex: A massive boulder sat at the edge of the cliff, weathered by centuries of wind and rain. 
shingle
shingle
[名詞]

a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

小石, 小石の浜

小石, 小石の浜

Ex: The shingle beach along the Mediterranean coast was dotted with multicolored pebbles. 
cape
cape
[名詞]

a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water

岬, 崎

岬, 崎

Ex: Along the rugged coastline, a cape jutted into the sea, forming a natural barrier against the crashing waves. 
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