pattern

Linguistik - Syntaktische Strukturen

Hier lernen Sie einige englische Wörter im Zusammenhang mit syntaktischen Strukturen wie „Phrase“, „Klausel“ und „Modifikator“.

review-disable

Überprüfen

flashcard-disable

Lernkarten

spelling-disable

Rechtschreibung

quiz-disable

Quiz

Lernen beginnen
Words Related to Linguistics
phrase

a group of words put together in a meaningful way

Phrase

Phrase

[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
clause

(grammar) a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and functions as a unit within a sentence

Teilsatz

Teilsatz

[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
sentence

a group of words that forms a statement, question, exclamation, or instruction, usually containing a verb

Satz

Satz

[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
subject

(grammar) the person, place, thing, or idea that performs the action or is being described in a sentence

Subjekt

Subjekt

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
object

(grammar) a noun or noun phrase that is affected by the action of the verb, or is followed by a preposition

Objekt

Objekt

[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
existential clause

a type of clause that asserts the existence of something or someone, typically introduced by a verb or verb phrase expressing existence or occurrence

existenzielle Klausel

existenzielle Klausel

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
word order

the arrangement of words in a sentence, indicating the sequence in which the subject, verb, and other constituents appear

Wortstellung

Wortstellung

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
predicate

a fundamental component of a sentence that contains the verb and provides information about the subject, including actions, states, or descriptions

Prädikat

Prädikat

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
small clause

a type of clause that lacks a main verb and functions as a single unit, typically consisting of a subject and a non-finite verb or adjective

kleine Klausel

kleine Klausel

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
attribute

a word or phrase that describes or provides additional information about another word or phrase, typically modifying a noun

Attribut

Attribut

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
parse tree

a graphical representation of the syntactic structure of a sentence or a string of words in a formal language, illustrating how the components of the sentence are organized hierarchically according to the rules of a given grammar

Parsebaum

Parsebaum

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
phrase structure grammar

a formal framework in linguistics that describes the structure of sentences by using rules to generate hierarchical structures called phrases, capturing the relationships between words and phrases within a language

Phrasenstrukturgrammatik

Phrasenstrukturgrammatik

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
determiner phrase

a structure composed of a determiner and a noun phrase, serving to specify the reference of the noun phrase

Determinatphrase

Determinatphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
head word

the main or central word in a phrase that determines the grammatical category and syntactic behavior of the entire phrase

Stammwort

Stammwort

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
constituent

a group of words that function together as a single unit within a sentence, typically forming a phrase or a clause

Konstituent

Konstituent

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
independent clause

(grammar) a group of words including a subject and a verb expressing a complete thought

unabhängiger Hauptsatz

unabhängiger Hauptsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
direct object

(grammar) a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase that receives the action of the verb of a sentence

direktes Objekt

direktes Objekt

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
argument

(grammar) any of the noun phrases in a clause that complete the meaning of the predicate

Argument

Argument

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
if-clause

a type of subordinate clause that introduces a condition or hypothetical situation, expressing the consequence that would follow if the condition is met

wenn-Clause

wenn-Clause

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
dependent clause

(grammar) a group of words containing a subject and a verb that is not a sentence on its own but adds information to an independent clause

abhängiger Satz

abhängiger Satz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
relative clause

(grammar) a type of subordinate clause that provides additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence

Relativsatz

Relativsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
prepositional phrase

a group of words that begins with a preposition and typically includes a noun or pronoun, called the object of the preposition

Präpositionalphrase

Präpositionalphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
adverbial phrase

a group of words that functions as an adverb, modifying a verb, adjective, or adverb, and typically provides information about time, place, manner, or degree

Adverbialphrase

Adverbialphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
adjective phrase

a group of words that functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and typically consists of an adjective and any accompanying words or modifiers

Adjektivphrase

Adjektivphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
cumulative sentence

(grammar) an independent clause followed by one or more dependent clauses or phrases

kumulative Satz

kumulative Satz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
complement

(grammar) a word, phrase, or clause that is necessary to complete the meaning of a predication

Komplement

Komplement

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
indirect object

(grammar) a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that refers to a person or object for or to whom the action of the verb is done

indirektes Objekt

indirektes Objekt

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
verb phrase

a syntactic unit that consists of a verb and its associated components, such as objects, adverbs, or complements, and functions as the predicate of a sentence or clause

Verbphrase

Verbphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
adverb prepositional phrase

a group of words that functions as an adverb and includes a preposition and its object, providing additional information about the verb, adjective, or adverb in the sentence

adverbiale Präpositionalphrase

adverbiale Präpositionalphrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
noun clause

a dependent clause that functions as a noun in a sentence, typically serving as the subject or object of a verb or as the object of a preposition

Substantivsatz

Substantivsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
noun phrase

a group of words centered around a noun that functions as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence, typically consisting of the noun itself along with any accompanying determiners, modifiers, or adjectives

Nominalgruppe

Nominalgruppe

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
infinitive clause

a type of subordinate clause that uses an infinitive verb form as its main element and can function as a noun clause, adjective clause, or adverb clause in a sentence

Infinitivsatz

Infinitivsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
finite clause

a type of clause that contains a finite verb, which indicates tense, mood, and agreement with the subject, and can function as a complete sentence on its own

finite Klausel

finite Klausel

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
gerund clause

a type of clause that includes a gerund, which is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, and it can act as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence

Gerundialsatz

Gerundialsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
syntactic pivot

a grammatical role or syntactic function that a word or phrase can take in different clauses within a sentence, often in a pivot construction

syntaktischer Pivot

syntaktischer Pivot

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
movement rule

a syntactic operation that allows constituents to be displaced from their base position to another position in a sentence, often resulting in changes in word order or phrase structure

Bewegungsregel

Bewegungsregel

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
double negative

a grammatical construction in which two negative elements are used within the same sentence, often resulting in a positive meaning

doppelte Verneinung

doppelte Verneinung

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
modifier

a word or phrase that provides additional information or clarification to another element in a sentence, often specifying, describing, or limiting its meaning

Modifikator

Modifikator

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
tag question

(grammar) a short question added to the end of a statement that is formed form the same statement

Tagfrage

Tagfrage

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
A-not-A question

a type of question structure in which the speaker presents two alternative choices or possibilities, typically using the same verb or adjective in both options, to inquire about the truth or preference of the statement

A-nicht-A-Frage

A-nicht-A-Frage

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
rising declarative

a sentence structure where the pitch contour of the speaker's voice rises at the end, typically transforming a statement into a question-like intonation pattern, often used for seeking confirmation or expressing uncertainty

steigende Deklaration

steigende Deklaration

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
yes-no question

a sentence structure used to inquire about information or seek confirmation, typically involving a verb-subject inversion and a question intonation pattern, and can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no"

Ja-Nein-Frage

Ja-Nein-Frage

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
echo question

a type of question that repeats or echoes part of a previous statement or question as a way of seeking clarification or emphasis

Echo-Frage

Echo-Frage

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
predicative expression

a grammatical construction that describes or attributes a property to the subject of a sentence

predikative Ausdruck

predikative Ausdruck

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
predicate-argument structure

the relationship between a predicate and its associated arguments, describing how they are semantically and syntactically connected within a sentence

Prädikat-Argument-Struktur

Prädikat-Argument-Struktur

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
wh-movement

a syntactic process where a wh-word moves from its original position to the beginning of a sentence or a clause for the purpose of forming a question or a relative clause

wh-Bewegung

wh-Bewegung

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
preposition stranding

a syntactic construction where the preposition is separated from its complement and placed at the end of a sentence or clause

Präposition-Stranding

Präposition-Stranding

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
branching

the structural arrangement of constituents within a sentence, where a constituent can branch into multiple sub-constituents, indicating a hierarchical relationship and the presence of multiple levels of syntactic structure

Verzweigung

Verzweigung

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
pied-piping

a syntactic construction where a preposition or a wh-word, along with its associated noun or phrase, is moved to the front of a sentence, creating a more marked or emphasized structure

pied-piping

pied-piping

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
adposition phrase

a phrase that consists of an adposition and its complement, which can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase, and functions to indicate spatial, temporal, or other relationships between elements in a sentence

Adposition-phrase

Adposition-phrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
inflectional phrase

a syntactic structure that represents the inflectional properties of a word or phrase, including features such as tense, number, gender, and case, and is often associated with the functional category of a head word in a sentence

flektierende Phrase

flektierende Phrase

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
parasitic gap

a type of syntactic construction in which a gap or empty position occurs in a sentence, typically within a relative clause, and is licensed by a distant antecedent outside that clause

parasitische Lücke

parasitische Lücke

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
head-directionality parameter

a linguistic concept that refers to the variation in languages regarding the directionality of phrase structure, determining whether heads typically precede or follow their dependents within a sentence

Kopf-Richtungparameter

Kopf-Richtungparameter

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
empty category

a syntactic position in a sentence that is not overtly realized by a word or phrase, but is necessary for grammatical structure and interpretation

leere Kategorie

leere Kategorie

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
adjective clause

a dependent clause that functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun by providing additional information or describing its attributes

Adjektivsatz

Adjektivsatz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
inversion

a change in normal word order, especially putting a verb before its subject

Inversion

Inversion

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
negative inversion

a syntactic construction in which the negative particle and the subject of a sentence are inverted, often occurring in certain types of negated questions or sentences with negative adverbial expressions at the beginning

negative Inversion

negative Inversion

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
valency

the number and types of arguments that a verb can take in a sentence, determining the syntactic and semantic relationships between the verb and its arguments

Valenz

Valenz

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
elliptical clause

a type of clause in which some elements, usually the verb or other parts of the clause, are omitted, but their meaning is understood from the context

elliptische Klausel

elliptische Klausel

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
sluicing

a syntactic construction in which a question or a clause is reduced to a wh-phrase or a wh-word, leaving the rest of the sentence or the antecedent of the wh-phrase unpronounced but recoverable from the context

Sluicing (im grammatikalischen Kontext)

Sluicing (im grammatikalischen Kontext)

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
subject-auxiliary inversion

a syntactic phenomenon that involves reversing the order of the subject and auxiliary verb in a sentence, typically occurring in interrogative sentences, negation, and certain other sentence structures

Subjekt-Hilfsverb-Inversion

Subjekt-Hilfsverb-Inversion

Google Translate
[Nomen]
daily words
wordlist
Schließen
Anmelden
dictionary link
LanGeek
LanGeek-App herunterladen