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Βασικό λεξιλόγιο για το GRE - Ανατομία του ανθρώπινου σώματος

Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις για την ανατομία, όπως «εντερικό», «διάφραγμα», «τραχεία» κ.λπ. που χρειάζονται για την εξέταση GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
anatomy

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

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torso

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

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vertebra

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

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artery

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

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tissue

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

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spinal cord

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

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ribcage

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

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cranium

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

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cortex

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

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brow

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

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womb

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

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uterus

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

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shin

the front part of the leg that is between the foot and the knee

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biceps

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

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armpit

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

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eardrum

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

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pharynx

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

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trachea

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

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saliva

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

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phlegm

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

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enamel

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

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respiration

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

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retina

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

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cornea

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

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pupil

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

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renal

relating to the kidneys or their function

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abdomen

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

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diaphragm

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

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pancreas

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

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spleen

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

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pelvis

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

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appendix

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

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bladder

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

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bowel

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

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bone marrow

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

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tendon

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

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cartilage

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

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antibody

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

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gland

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

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bile

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

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