GRE必备词汇 - 人体解剖学

在这里,你将学习一些关于解剖学的英语单词,如“肠”、“横膈膜”、“气管”等,这些都是GRE考试所需要的。

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GRE必备词汇
anatomy [名词]
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解剖学

Ex: She excelled in her anatomy class, fascinated by the intricate details of the human body.

她在解剖学课上表现出色,对人体错综复杂的细节着迷。

torso [名词]
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躯干

Ex: She wrapped her arms around his torso , feeling the warmth of his body against hers .

她用双臂环抱住他的躯干,感受着他身体的温暖。

vertebra [名词]
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椎骨

Ex: The vertebra are stacked on top of each other , separated by intervertebral discs .

椎骨堆叠在一起,由椎间盘分隔开。

artery [名词]
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动脉

Ex: Atherosclerosis , a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries , can restrict blood flow and lead to serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes .
tissue [名词]
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组织

Ex: The doctor examined the tissue under a microscope to determine the presence of any abnormalities .

医生在显微镜下检查了组织以确定是否存在任何异常。

spinal cord [名词]
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脊髓

Ex: Nerve impulses travel along the spinal cord to control voluntary and involuntary functions .

神经冲动沿着脊髓传递,以控制随意和不随意的功能。

cranium [名词]
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颅骨

Ex: Skull fractures can occur if there is a severe impact to the cranium .

如果颅骨受到严重撞击,可能会发生颅骨骨折。

cortex [名词]
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皮质

Ex:

位于额叶的前额叶皮层在决策、冲动控制和社会行为中起着关键作用。

brow [名词]
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额头

Ex: He wiped the sweat from his brow after completing the marathon .

完成马拉松后,他擦了擦额头上的汗水。

womb [名词]
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子宫

Ex: The doctor performed an ultrasound to monitor the growth and development of the baby in the womb .

医生进行了超声波检查以监测子宫内婴儿的生长发育。

uterus [名词]
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子宫

Ex: Endometrial tissue lines the uterus and sheds during menstruation .

子宫内膜组织覆盖子宫并在月经期间脱落。

shin [名词]
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胫骨

Ex: Ice packs can reduce swelling and pain in a bruised shin .
biceps [名词]
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二头肌

Ex: Weightlifting exercises can build and tone the biceps .

举重练习可以锻炼和塑形二头肌

armpit [名词]
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腋窝

Ex: She felt self-conscious about her armpits , worried about the appearance of darkened skin in that area .

她对自己的腋窝感到不自在,担心那个部位皮肤变黑的外观。

eardrum [名词]
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耳膜

Ex: Infections or trauma to the eardrum can cause pain , hearing loss , and fluid accumulation in the middle ear .

耳膜的感染或创伤可能导致疼痛、听力损失和中耳积液。

pharynx [名词]
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Ex: Infections can cause sore throat and inflammation of the pharynx .

感染会导致喉咙痛和咽部发炎。

trachea [名词]
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气管

Ex: Coughing helps to clear the trachea of mucus and foreign particles , keeping the airway clear for breathing .

咳嗽有助于清除气管中的粘液和异物,保持呼吸道畅通以呼吸。

saliva [名词]
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唾液

Ex: The dentist noted a decrease in saliva production , which could lead to dry mouth and dental issues .

牙医注意到唾液分泌减少,这可能导致口干和牙齿问题。

phlegm [名词]
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Ex: Drinking plenty of fluids can help to thin out phlegm , making it easier to expel from the respiratory tract .

多喝水可以帮助稀释痰液,使其更容易从呼吸道排出。

enamel [名词]
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珐琅质

Ex:

酸性食物和饮料会随着时间的推移侵蚀牙齿釉质,导致牙齿敏感和蛀牙。

respiration [名词]
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呼吸

Ex: The diaphragm plays a crucial role in the process of respiration , contracting and relaxing to facilitate breathing .

横膈膜在呼吸过程中起着至关重要的作用,通过收缩和放松来促进呼吸。

retina [名词]
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视网膜

Ex: Light-sensitive cells in the retina , known as rods and cones , convert light energy into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve .

视网膜中的光敏细胞,即视杆细胞和视锥细胞,将光能转化为电信号,通过视神经传输到大脑。

cornea [名词]
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角膜

Ex: Contact lenses sit on the surface of the cornea , providing vision correction for individuals with refractive errors .

隐形眼镜位于角膜表面,为有屈光不正的人提供视力矫正。

pupil [名词]
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瞳孔

Ex: In bright light , the pupil constricts to reduce the amount of light entering the eye .

在强光下,瞳孔会收缩以减少进入眼睛的光量。

renal [形容词]
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肾脏的

Ex: A diet low in sodium can help prevent renal damage .

低钠饮食有助于预防肾脏损伤。

abdomen [名词]
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腹部

Ex: She felt a fluttering sensation in her abdomen , a telltale sign of nervousness before her big presentation .

在她重要的演讲之前,她感到腹部有一种颤动的感觉,这是紧张的明显迹象。

diaphragm [名词]
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横膈膜

Ex: Singers train to use the diaphragm effectively for breath support .

歌手们训练有效地使用横膈膜来支持呼吸。

pancreas [名词]
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胰腺

Ex: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine to break down carbohydrates , proteins , and fats .

胰腺产生消化酶,这些酶被释放到小肠中以分解碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪。

spleen [名词]
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脾脏

Ex: The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood , removing old or damaged red blood cells , and helping to fight infections .

脾脏在过滤血液、清除老旧或受损的红细胞以及帮助抵抗感染方面起着至关重要的作用。

pelvis [名词]
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骨盆

Ex:

骨盆为脊柱提供支撑并将上半身与下肢连接起来,作为姿势和运动的基础。

appendix [名词]
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阑尾

Ex: The appendix is believed to play a role in immune function .

据信阑尾在免疫功能中发挥作用。

bladder [名词]
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膀胱

Ex: The doctor examined the patient for bladder infections .

医生检查了病人的膀胱感染情况。

bowel [名词]
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Ex:

纤维有助于保持规律的肠道运动并预防便秘。

bone marrow [名词]
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骨髓

Ex: Red bone marrow , located in the flat bones and the ends of long bones , produces red blood cells , white blood cells , and platelets .

位于扁平骨和长骨末端的红骨髓产生红细胞、白细胞和血小板。

tendon [名词]
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肌腱

Ex:

跟腱炎是一种影响跟的常见病症。

cartilage [名词]
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软骨

Ex: The nose and ears are supported by cartilage rather than bone .

鼻子和耳朵由软骨而非骨头支撑。

antibody [名词]
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抗体

Ex: Vaccines help your body make antibodies to prevent infections .

疫苗帮助你的身体制造抗体来预防感染。

gland [名词]
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腺体

Ex:

唾液产生唾液,有助于食物的消化。

bile [名词]
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胆汁

Ex: The greenish-yellow color of bile is due to the presence of bilirubin , a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells .

胆汁的黄绿色是由于胆红素的存在,胆红素是红细胞分解的废物。