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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa GRE - Anatomiya ng Katawan ng Tao

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa anatomiya, tulad ng "bituka", "dayapragm", "trachea", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na GRE.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
anatomy
anatomy
[Pangngalan]

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

anatomiya

anatomiya

Ex: The textbook on anatomy included detailed diagrams of the muscular and skeletal systems. 

Ang aklat-aralin sa anatomiya ay may detalyadong mga diagram ng muscular at skeletal systems.

torso
torso
[Pangngalan]

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

katawan, itaas na bahagi ng katawan

katawan, itaas na bahagi ng katawan

Ex: The artist sculpted a lifelike statue of a human torso, capturing the muscular contours with precision. 

Ang artista ay gumawa ng isang makatotohanang estatwa ng katawan ng tao, na tumpak na kinukuha ang mga kontur ng kalamnan.

vertebra
vertebra
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

vertebra, segmento ng gulugod

vertebra, segmento ng gulugod

Ex: Injuries to the vertebra can result in paralysis or loss of sensation. 

Ang mga pinsala sa vertebra ay maaaring magresulta sa paralisis o pagkawala ng pandama.

artery
artery
[Pangngalan]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

arterya, daluyan ng dugo

arterya, daluyan ng dugo

Ex: The largest artery in the body is the aorta, which originates from the left ventricle of the heart and distributes blood to the rest of the body. 

Ang pinakamalaking arterya sa katawan ay ang aorta, na nagmumula sa kaliwang ventricle ng puso at nagpapamahagi ng dugo sa iba pang bahagi ng katawan.

tissue
tissue
[Pangngalan]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 

Ang tisyu ng kalamnan ay nagbibigay-daan sa paggalaw at sumusuporta sa istruktura ng katawan.

spinal cord
spinal cord
[Pangngalan]

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

spinal cord, gulugod

spinal cord, gulugod

Ex: Damage to the spinal cord can cause permanent loss of movement or sensation. 

Ang pinsala sa spinal cord ay maaaring maging sanhi ng permanenteng pagkawala ng paggalaw o pandama.

ribcage
ribcage
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

ribcage, dibdib

ribcage, dibdib

cranium
cranium
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

bungo, kranyo

bungo, kranyo

Ex: The cranium protects the delicate structures of the brain. 

Ang bungo ay nagpoprotekta sa mga delikadong istruktura ng utak.

cortex
cortex
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

kortex, utak na korteks

kortex, utak na korteks

Ex: The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, memory, and perception. 

Ang cortex ng utak ay ang panlabas na layer ng utak na responsable para sa mas mataas na cognitive functions tulad ng pag-iisip, memorya, at persepsiyon.

brow
brow
[Pangngalan]

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

noo, kilay

noo, kilay

Ex: Sweat often accumulates on the brow during physical exertion. 

Ang pawis ay madalas na naipon sa noo habang nag-eehersisyo.

womb
womb
[Pangngalan]

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

matris, bahay-bata

matris, bahay-bata

Ex: The fetus nestled snugly within the safety of the womb, protected and nourished by the mother's body. 

Ang fetus ay kumportableng nagkubli sa loob ng kaligtasan ng sinapupunan, protektado at pinakakain ng katawan ng ina.

uterus
uterus
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

matris

matris

Ex: The uterus undergoes contractions during labor to expel the baby. 

Ang matris ay sumasailalim sa mga pag-urong sa panahon ng paggawa upang mapalabas ang sanggol.

shin
shin
[Pangngalan]

the front part of the leg that is between the foot and the knee

lulod, buto ng binti

lulod, buto ng binti

Ex: He bumped his shin against the coffee table and winced in pain. 

Nabunggo niya ang kanyang lulod sa mesa ng kape at napangisi sa sakit.

biceps
biceps
[Pangngalan]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps

biceps

Ex: He flexed his biceps to show off his strength. 

Ibinat niya ang kanyang biceps para ipakita ang kanyang lakas.

armpit
armpit
[Pangngalan]

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

kilikili, kili-kili

kilikili, kili-kili

Ex: The athlete wiped the sweat from his armpits with a towel after a grueling workout. 

Ang atleta ay nagpunas ng pawis mula sa kili-kili gamit ang isang tuwalya pagkatapos ng isang nakakapagod na pag-eehersisyo.

eardrum
eardrum
[Pangngalan]

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

eardrum, tympanic membrane

eardrum, tympanic membrane

Ex: The eardrum, also known as the tympanic membrane, vibrates in response to sound waves entering the ear canal. 

Ang eardrum, na kilala rin bilang tympanic membrane, ay nanginginig bilang tugon sa sound waves na pumapasok sa ear canal.

pharynx
pharynx
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

palamunan, lalamunan

palamunan, lalamunan

Ex: The pharynx plays a role in both breathing and swallowing. 

Ang pharynx ay may papel sa parehong paghinga at paglunok.

trachea
trachea
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

trakea, lalagukan ng hangin

trakea, lalagukan ng hangin

Ex: The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube-like structure that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass in and out of the lungs. 

Ang trachea, na kilala rin bilang windpipe, ay isang tubo na istraktura na nag-uugnay sa larynx sa bronchi, na nagpapahintulot sa hangin na pumasok at lumabas sa mga baga.

saliva
saliva
[Pangngalan]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

laway

laway

Ex: The mouth produces saliva, which helps moisten food and initiate the process of digestion. 
phlegm
phlegm
[Pangngalan]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

plema, uhog

plema, uhog

Ex: The common cold often causes an increase in phlegm production, leading to congestion and coughing. 

Ang karaniwang sipon ay madalas na nagdudulot ng pagtaas sa produksyon ng plema, na nagdudulot ng barado at ubo.

enamel
enamel
[Pangngalan]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

enamel, enamel ng ngipin

enamel, enamel ng ngipin

Ex: Enamel is the hard outer layer of the teeth that protects them from decay and damage. 

Ang enamel ay ang matigas na panlabas na layer ng ngipin na nagpoprotekta sa mga ito mula sa pagkabulok at pinsala.

respiration
respiration
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

paghininga

paghininga

Ex: Respiration involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide by the lungs. 

Ang paghihinga ay nagsasangkot ng paglanghap ng oxygen at paglabas ng carbon dioxide ng mga baga.

retina
retina
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

retina, membranang retinal

retina, membranang retinal

Ex: The retina is the innermost layer of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells responsible for detecting light and initiating visual signals. 

Ang retina ang pinakaloob na layer ng mata na naglalaman ng mga photoreceptor cell na responsable sa pagtuklas ng liwanag at pagsisimula ng mga visual signal.

cornea
cornea
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

kornea, malinaw na lamad ng mata

kornea, malinaw na lamad ng mata

Ex: The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped layer covering the front of the eye, responsible for refracting light rays to focus images onto the retina. 

Ang kornea ay ang malinaw, hugis-dome na layer na sumasakop sa harap ng mata, responsable sa pag-refract ng mga sinag ng liwanag upang ituon ang mga imahe sa retina.

pupil
pupil
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

balintataw

balintataw

Ex: The optometrist used a flashlight to examine the dilation of the patient's pupils. 

Ginamit ng optometrist ang isang flashlight upang suriin ang pagdilat ng mga balintataw ng pasyente.

renal
renal
[pang-uri]

relating to the kidneys or their function

renal, may kaugnayan sa bato

renal, may kaugnayan sa bato

Ex: He underwent renal testing to assess his kidney function. 

Sumailalim siya sa mga pagsubok na renal upang masuri ang function ng kanyang mga bato.

abdomen
abdomen
[Pangngalan]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

tiyan, abdomen

tiyan, abdomen

Ex: He winced as the doctor pressed on his abdomen, searching for signs of tenderness or swelling. 

Napailing siya nang pindutin ng doktor ang kanyang tiyan, naghahanap ng mga palatandaan ng pagiging sensitibo o pamamaga.

diaphragm
diaphragm
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

dayapragm, lamad ng tiyan

dayapragm, lamad ng tiyan

Ex: The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to control breathing. 

Ang diaphragm ay umaikli at lumuluwag upang makontrol ang paghinga.

pancreas
pancreas
[Pangngalan]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

pankreas, glandulang pankreas

pankreas, glandulang pankreas

Ex: The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that plays a crucial role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. 

Ang pankreas ay isang glandula na matatagpuan sa likod ng tiyan na may mahalagang papel sa pagtunaw at regulasyon ng asukal sa dugo.

spleen
spleen
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

pali, lapay

pali, lapay

Ex: The spleen is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen, beneath the ribcage, and is part of the lymphatic system. 

Ang pali ay isang organ na matatagpuan sa itaas na kaliwang bahagi ng tiyan, sa ilalim ng ribcage, at bahagi ng lymphatic system.

pelvis
pelvis
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

pelvis, balakang

pelvis, balakang

Ex: The pelvis is a bony structure located at the base of the spine, consisting of the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. 

Ang pelvis ay isang butong istraktura na matatagpuan sa base ng gulugod, na binubuo ng mga buto ng balakang, sacrum, at coccyx.

appendix
appendix
[Pangngalan]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

apendiks, apendise

apendiks, apendise

Ex: An inflamed appendix can cause severe abdominal pain and fever. 

Ang namamagang appendix ay maaaring maging sanhi ng matinding sakit sa tiyan at lagnat.

bladder
bladder
[Pangngalan]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

pantog, lalagyan ng ihi

pantog, lalagyan ng ihi

Ex: She had to go to the restroom urgently as her bladder was full. 

Kailangan niyang pumunta sa banyo nang madalian dahil puno ang kanyang pantog.

bowel
bowel
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

bituka, intestinal

bituka, intestinal

Ex: Digestive disorders can affect the bowel's ability to absorb nutrients. 

Ang mga digestive disorder ay maaaring makaapekto sa kakayahan ng bituka na sumipsip ng mga nutrient.

bone marrow
bone marrow
[Pangngalan]

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

utak ng buto, utak

utak ng buto, utak

Ex: Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue found within the cavities of bones, responsible for producing blood cells. 

Ang bone marrow ay isang malambot, esponghado na tissue na matatagpuan sa loob ng mga butas ng mga buto, na responsable sa paggawa ng mga selula ng dugo.

tendon
tendon
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

tendon, elastikong ligament

tendon, elastikong ligament

Ex: Tendon injuries can result from sudden trauma or repetitive strain. 

Ang mga pinsala sa tendon ay maaaring resulta ng biglaang trauma o paulit-ulit na pag-inat.

cartilage
cartilage
[Pangngalan]

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

kartilahiyo, tisyu ng kartilahiyo

kartilahiyo, tisyu ng kartilahiyo

Ex: Cartilage lacks blood vessels, which affects its ability to heal. 

Ang cartilage ay walang mga daluyan ng dugo, na nakakaapekto sa kakayahan nitong gumaling.

antibody
antibody
[Pangngalan]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

antibody, immunoglobulin

antibody, immunoglobulin

Ex: Antibodies stop harmful germs and tag them for immune cells to destroy. 

Ang antibody ay humihinto sa mga nakakapinsalang mikrobyo at minamarkahan ang mga ito para sirain ng mga immune cell.

gland
gland
[Pangngalan]

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

glandula, organong naglalabas

glandula, organong naglalabas

Ex: The endocrine system includes glands such as the thyroid and adrenal glands, which regulate hormones in the body. 

Ang endocrine system ay kinabibilangan ng mga glandula tulad ng thyroid at adrenal glands, na nagreregula ng mga hormone sa katawan.

bile
bile
[Pangngalan]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

apdo, likidong apdo

apdo, likidong apdo

Ex: Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. 

Ang apdo ay isang digestive fluid na ginagawa ng atay at iniimbak sa gallbladder, inilalabas sa maliit na bituka upang makatulong sa pagtunaw ng mga taba.

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