Podstawowe Słownictwo do GRE - Anatomia ludzkiego ciała

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

anatomia

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

tors

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

kręg

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

tętnica

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tkanka, tkanka mięśniowa

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

rdzeń kręgowy, sznur rdzeniowy

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

klatka piersiowa, żebra

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

czaszka, kostna struktura czaszki

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

kora mózgowa, korteks

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

czoło, brew

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

macica, łono

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

macica

the front part of the leg that is between the foot and the knee

kostka, shin

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps, mięsień bicepsu

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

pachy

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

bębenek, błona bębenkowa

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

gardło

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tchawica

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

ślina

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

flegma, śluz

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

szkliwo, łuska zębowa

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

oddychanie, proces oddychania

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

siatkówka

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

rogówka

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

źrenica

relating to the kidneys or their function

nerkowy, nerek

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

brzuch, abdomens

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

przepona

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

trzustka, gruczoł trzustkowy

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

śledziona, organ śledziony

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

miednica, kość miedniczna

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

wyrostek robaczkowy

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

pęcherz moczowy, woreczek moczowy

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

jelito, jelita

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

szpik kostny

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

ścięgno

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

chrząstka

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

przeciwciało, białko immunologiczne

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

gruczoł, gruczołowy organ

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

żółć