Vocabulario esencial para el GRE - Anatomía del cuerpo humano

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

anatomía

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

torso

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

vértebra

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

arteria

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tejido

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

médula espinal

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

caja torácica

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

cráneo

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

corteza cerebral

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

frente

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

útero

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

útero

the front part of the leg that is between the foot and the knee

espinilla

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

bíceps

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

sistema axilar

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

tímpano

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

faringe

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tráquea

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

saliva

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

flema

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

esmalte

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

respiración

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

retina

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

córnea

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

pupila

relating to the kidneys or their function

renal

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

abdomen

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

diafragma

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

páncreas

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

bazo

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

pelvis

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

apéndice

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

vejiga

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

intestino

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

médula ósea

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

tendón

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

cartílago

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

anticuerpo

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

glándula

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

bilis