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Kosakata Penting untuk GRE - Anatomi Tubuh Manusia

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang anatomi, seperti "usus", "diafragma", "trakea", dll. yang dibutuhkan untuk ujian GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
anatomy
anatomy
[Kata benda]

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

anatomi

anatomi

Ex: She excelled in her anatomy class, fascinated by the intricate details of the human body. 

Dia unggul dalam kelas anatomi-nya, terpesona oleh detail rumit tubuh manusia.

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torso
torso
[Kata benda]

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

badan, bagian atas tubuh

badan, bagian atas tubuh

Ex: The forensic pathologist examined the torso to determine the cause of death and identify the victim. 

Ahli patologi forensik memeriksa batang tubuh untuk menentukan penyebab kematian dan mengidentifikasi korban.

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vertebra
vertebra
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

vertebra, segmen tulang belakang

vertebra, segmen tulang belakang

Ex: The cervical vertebrae support the head and allow for neck movement. 

Vertebra serviks menopang kepala dan memungkinkan pergerakan leher.

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artery
artery
[Kata benda]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

arteri, pembuluh darah

arteri, pembuluh darah

Ex: Atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, can restrict blood flow and lead to serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes. 

Aterosklerosis, suatu kondisi di mana plak menumpuk di dalam arteri, dapat membatasi aliran darah dan menyebabkan masalah kesehatan serius seperti serangan jantung dan stroke.

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tissue
tissue
[Kata benda]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

jaringan, jaringan sel

jaringan, jaringan sel

Ex: Plant tissue culture techniques are used in agriculture to propagate disease-resistant crops. 

Teknik kultur jaringan tanaman digunakan dalam pertanian untuk menyebarkan tanaman yang tahan penyakit.

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spinal cord
spinal cord
[Kata benda]

the inner part of the spine containing a mass of nerves that connects the brain to almost all the body parts

sumsum tulang belakang, tali spinal

sumsum tulang belakang, tali spinal

Ex: The spinal cord is protected by the vertebrae and cerebrospinal fluid. 

Sumsum tulang belakang dilindungi oleh tulang belakang dan cairan serebrospinal.

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ribcage
ribcage
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

tulang rusuk, toraks

tulang rusuk, toraks

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cranium
cranium
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

tengkorak, kranium

tengkorak, kranium

Ex: A CT scan revealed a small abnormality in the base of her cranium. 

Pemindaian CT mengungkapkan kelainan kecil di dasar tengkoraknya.

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cortex
cortex
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

korteks, korteks serebral

korteks, korteks serebral

Ex: Damage to the motor cortex can result in paralysis or weakness on the opposite side of the body. 

Kerusakan pada korteks motorik dapat mengakibatkan kelumpuhan atau kelemahan di sisi berlawanan dari tubuh.

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brow
brow
[Kata benda]

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

dahi, alis

dahi, alis

Ex: A frown creased her brow as she pondered the problem. 

Kerutan muncul di alisnya saat dia merenungkan masalah itu.

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womb
womb
[Kata benda]

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

rahim, kandungan

rahim, kandungan

Ex: She felt a sense of awe as she watched the ultrasound images of her baby moving within her womb. 

Dia merasakan rasa kagum saat melihat gambar ultrasound bayinya bergerak di dalam rahimnya.

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uterus
uterus
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

rahim

rahim

Ex: Ultrasound imaging can show the position of the fetus inside the uterus. 

Pencitraan ultrasound dapat menunjukkan posisi janin di dalam rahim.

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shin
shin
[Kata benda]

the front part of the leg that is between the foot and the knee

tulang kering, betis

tulang kering, betis

Ex: After the fall, she noticed a bruise forming on her shin. 

Setelah jatuh, dia melihat memar terbentuk di tulang keringnya.

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biceps
biceps
[Kata benda]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

bisep

bisep

Ex: Tendons connect the biceps muscle to the bones of the forearm. 

Tendon menghubungkan otot biceps dengan tulang lengan bawah.

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armpit
armpit
[Kata benda]

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

ketiak, lekuk ketiak

ketiak, lekuk ketiak

Ex: The doctor examined the swollen lymph nodes in the patient's armpit to assess their health. 

Dokter memeriksa kelenjar getah bening yang bengkak di ketiak pasien untuk menilai kesehatannya.

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eardrum
eardrum
[Kata benda]

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

gendang telinga, membran timpani

gendang telinga, membran timpani

Ex: The eardrum is crucial for transmitting sound vibrations from the outer ear to the middle ear ossicles. 

Gendang telinga sangat penting untuk mengirimkan getaran suara dari telinga luar ke tulang-tulang pendengaran di telinga tengah.

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pharynx
pharynx
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

faring, tenggorokan

faring, tenggorokan

Ex: The pharynx is lined with mucous membranes that produce mucus to trap bacteria. 

Faring dilapisi dengan selaput lendir yang menghasilkan lendir untuk menjebak bakteri.

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trachea
trachea
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tenggorokan, trakea

tenggorokan, trakea

Ex: Inhaling smoke or irritants can cause inflammation of the trachea, leading to symptoms such as coughing and wheezing. 

Menghirup asap atau iritan dapat menyebabkan peradangan pada trakea, yang mengakibatkan gejala seperti batuk dan mengi.

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saliva
saliva
[Kata benda]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

air liur

air liur

Ex: The saliva test provided valuable information about the individual's hormone levels and overall health. 
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phlegm
phlegm
[Kata benda]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

dahak, lendir

dahak, lendir

Ex: Smoking can exacerbate phlegm production and lead to chronic bronchitis and respiratory problems. 

Merokok dapat memperburuk produksi dahak dan menyebabkan bronkitis kronis serta masalah pernapasan.

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enamel
enamel
[Kata benda]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

email, email gigi

email, email gigi

Ex: Brushing and flossing regularly help to maintain enamel health and prevent dental problems. 

Menyikat gigi dan menggunakan benang gigi secara teratur membantu menjaga kesehatan email dan mencegah masalah gigi.

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respiration
respiration
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

pernapasan

pernapasan

Ex: Oxygen is transported from the lungs to the bloodstream during the process of respiration. 

Oksigen diangkut dari paru-paru ke aliran darah selama proses pernapasan.

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retina
retina
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

retina, membran retina

retina, membran retina

Ex: The macula is a small area near the center of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. 

Makula adalah area kecil di dekat pusat retina yang bertanggung jawab atas penglihatan sentral yang tajam.

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cornea
cornea
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

kornea, lapisan transparan mata

kornea, lapisan transparan mata

Ex: The cornea lacks blood vessels, obtaining nutrients and oxygen directly from tears and aqueous humor. 

Kornea tidak memiliki pembuluh darah, mendapatkan nutrisi dan oksigen langsung dari air mata dan aqueous humor.

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pupil
pupil
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

pupil

pupil

Ex: The ophthalmologist observed an abnormality in the size and shape of the patient's pupils. 

Dokter mata mengamati kelainan dalam ukuran dan bentuk pupil pasien.

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renal
renal
[Adjektiva]

relating to the kidneys or their function

renal, berhubungan dengan ginjal

renal, berhubungan dengan ginjal

Ex: The doctor prescribed medication to improve renal blood flow. 

Dokter meresepkan obat untuk meningkatkan aliran darah ginjal.

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abdomen
abdomen
[Kata benda]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

perut, abdomen

perut, abdomen

Ex: The surgeon made a precise incision in the lower abdomen to access the site of the appendicitis. 

Ahli bedah membuat sayatan yang tepat di perut bagian bawah untuk mengakses lokasi usus buntu.

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diaphragm
diaphragm
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

diafragma, sekat rongga badan

diafragma, sekat rongga badan

Ex: Injury to the diaphragm can affect its ability to function properly. 

Cedera pada diafragma dapat memengaruhi kemampuannya untuk berfungsi dengan baik.

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pancreas
pancreas
[Kata benda]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

pankreas, kelenjar pankreas

pankreas, kelenjar pankreas

Ex: Insulin and glucagon, hormones produced by the pancreas, help regulate blood sugar levels by controlling the uptake and release of glucose. 

Insulin dan glukagon, hormon yang diproduksi oleh pankreas, membantu mengatur kadar gula darah dengan mengontrol penyerapan dan pelepasan glukosa.

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spleen
spleen
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

limpa, lien

limpa, lien

Ex: In some animals, such as dogs, the spleen can contract and release stored blood in times of need, such as during exercise or in response to injury. 

Pada beberapa hewan, seperti anjing, limpa dapat berkontraksi dan melepaskan darah yang tersimpan saat dibutuhkan, seperti selama berolahraga atau sebagai respons terhadap cedera.

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pelvis
pelvis
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

panggul, tulang pinggul

panggul, tulang pinggul

Ex: In females, the pelvis is wider and shallower compared to males, allowing for childbirth and accommodating the reproductive organs. 

Pada perempuan, panggul lebih lebar dan dangkal dibandingkan laki-laki, memungkinkan persalinan dan menampung organ reproduksi.

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appendix
appendix
[Kata benda]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

usus buntu, apendiks

usus buntu, apendiks

Ex: After removal, the appendix typically does not affect normal bodily functions. 

Setelah diangkat, usus buntu biasanya tidak memengaruhi fungsi normal tubuh.

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bladder
bladder
[Kata benda]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

kandung kemih, kantong kemih

kandung kemih, kantong kemih

Ex: The bladder can hold up to 600 milliliters of urine. 

Kandung kemih dapat menampung hingga 600 mililiter urin.

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bowel
bowel
[Kata benda]

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

usus, perut

usus, perut

Ex: Inflammatory bowel disease includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 

Penyakit radang usus mencakup kondisi seperti penyakit Crohn dan kolitis ulseratif.

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bone marrow
bone marrow
[Kata benda]

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

sumsum tulang, sumsum

sumsum tulang, sumsum

Ex: Yellow bone marrow, found in the hollow interior of long bones, stores fat and serves as a potential source of energy. 

Sumsum tulang kuning, yang ditemukan di rongga bagian dalam tulang panjang, menyimpan lemak dan berfungsi sebagai sumber energi potensial.

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tendon
tendon
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

tendon, ligamen elastis

tendon, ligamen elastis

Ex: Tendons transmit the force generated by muscles to bones, enabling movement. 

Tendon mentransmisikan gaya yang dihasilkan oleh otot ke tulang, memungkinkan gerakan.

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cartilage
cartilage
[Kata benda]

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

tulang rawan, jaringan tulang rawan

tulang rawan, jaringan tulang rawan

Ex: Cartilage cushions joints and prevents bones from rubbing against each other. 

Tulang rawan melindungi sendi dan mencegah tulang saling bergesekan.

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antibody
antibody
[Kata benda]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

antibodi, imunoglobulin

antibodi, imunoglobulin

Ex: Antibody tests find antibodies in your blood, showing past infections or vaccinations. 

Tes antibodi mendeteksi antibodi dalam darah Anda, menunjukkan infeksi masa lalu atau vaksinasi.

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gland
gland
[Kata benda]

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

kelenjar, organ sekretori

kelenjar, organ sekretori

Ex: He felt a lump near his neck and went to the doctor, who diagnosed it as an enlarged lymph gland. 

Dia merasakan benjolan di dekat lehernya dan pergi ke dokter, yang mendiagnosisnya sebagai kelenjar getah bening yang membesar.

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bile
bile
[Kata benda]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

empedu, cairan empedu

empedu, cairan empedu

Ex: Bile salts in bile help emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes. 

Garam empedu dalam empedu membantu mengemulsikan lemak, memecahnya menjadi tetesan kecil yang dapat lebih mudah dicerna oleh enzim.

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