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Επιστήμες ACT - Ιατρική επιστήμη

Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις που σχετίζονται με την ιατρική επιστήμη, όπως "invasive", "probiotic", "systolic" κ.λπ. που θα σας βοηθήσουν άσσο στα ACTs σας.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
embryo
[ουσιαστικό]

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

έμβρυο, εμβρυϊκή μορφή

έμβρυο, εμβρυϊκή μορφή

Ex: Ethical debates often arise around the use of embryos in stem cell research and medical treatments .
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developmental
[επίθετο]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

αναπτυξιακό, αναπτυξιακής

αναπτυξιακό, αναπτυξιακής

Ex: Developmental opportunities within the company support employees ' career growth and skill enhancement .
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lymphoid
[επίθετο]

related to or resembling lymph or the tissues where lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are produced

λεμφώδης, λεμφοειδής

λεμφώδης, λεμφοειδής

Ex: Lymphoid malignancies, such as lymphoma, require specialized treatment and care.
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immune response
[ουσιαστικό]

the body's defensive reaction to foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins, involving the activation of immune cells and the production of antibodies

ανοσολογική αντίδραση, ανοσία

ανοσολογική αντίδραση, ανοσία

Ex: immune response can sometimes mistakenly target the body 's own tissues , leading to autoimmune diseases .
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placebo
[ουσιαστικό]

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

ψευδοφάρμακο, πλασέμπο

ψευδοφάρμακο, πλασέμπο

Ex: Placebo-controlled studies help researchers determine if the observed effects of a new treatment are due to the medication's pharmacological properties or psychological factors.
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pathogen
[ουσιαστικό]

any organism that can cause diseases

παθογόνος οργανισμός, παθογόνο

παθογόνος οργανισμός, παθογόνο

Ex: pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .
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rapid eye movement
[ουσιαστικό]

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, vivid dreaming, and muscle paralysis, important for cognitive restoration and memory consolidation

Ταχεία Κίνηση Ματιών, REM ύπνος

Ταχεία Κίνηση Ματιών, REM ύπνος

Ex: Sleep disorders such as REM behavior disorder can disrupt normal REM sleep cycles.
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fibrosis
[ουσιαστικό]

the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury or long-term inflammation

ίνωσις, ίνωση

ίνωσις, ίνωση

Ex: The patient ’s kidney biopsy showed signs fibrosis, indicating a long-standing condition .
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homeostasis
[ουσιαστικό]

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

ομοιοστασία, σταθερότητα

ομοιοστασία, σταθερότητα

Ex: The release of hormones like adrenaline during stress is part of the body 's response to homeostasis in challenging situations .
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to implant
[ρήμα]

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

εμφυτεύω, ενσωματώνω

εμφυτεύω, ενσωματώνω

Ex: To treat severe arthritis , the orthopedic surgeon implanting an artificial joint in the patient 's knee .
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autopsy
[ουσιαστικό]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

νεκροψία, αυτοψία

νεκροψία, αυτοψία

Ex: The medical examiner 's autopsy contributed to our understanding of the tragedy .
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pharmaceutical
[επίθετο]

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

φαρμακευτικός, φαρμακευτική

φαρμακευτικός, φαρμακευτική

Ex: Doctors often pharmaceutical interventions to manage various medical conditions .
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lesion
[ουσιαστικό]

a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury, disease, or other causes

βλάβη, βλάβη (ιστού)

βλάβη, βλάβη (ιστού)

Ex: The athlete visited the sports medicine specialist for an evaluation of a lesion sustained during training .
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systolic
[επίθετο]

relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood into the arteries

συστολικός, συστολική

συστολικός, συστολική

Ex: systolic phase of the cardiac cycle is crucial for delivering oxygenated blood throughout the body .
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phagotherapy
[ουσιαστικό]

a medical treatment that uses bacteriophages, or viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, to combat bacterial infections

φαγοθεραπεία, φαγοθεραπευτική

φαγοθεραπεία, φαγοθεραπευτική

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therapeutic
[επίθετο]

(of medicine) related to actions that heal, alleviate, or prevent health issues

Θεραπευτικός, Θεραπευτική

Θεραπευτικός, Θεραπευτική

Ex: Therapeutic medications are prescribed to manage symptoms .
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side effect
[ουσιαστικό]

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

παρενέργεια, δευτερεύουσα επίδραση

παρενέργεια, δευτερεύουσα επίδραση

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches , she decided to stop taking it due to the side effects that interfered with her daily activities .
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to diagnose
[ρήμα]

to find out the cause of a problem or disease that a person has by examining the symptoms

διαγιγνώσκω, διαγνώνω

διαγιγνώσκω, διαγνώνω

Ex: Experts diagnose conditions based on observable symptoms .
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antiseptic
[ουσιαστικό]

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

αντισηπτικό (antiseptiko), αντισηπτική ουσία (antiseptiki ousia)

αντισηπτικό (antiseptiko), αντισηπτική ουσία (antiseptiki ousia)

Ex: The doctor recommended using an antiseptic mouthwash to maintain oral hygiene.
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digestive system
[ουσιαστικό]

the group of organs inside the body that absorb the food and pass the waste

πεπτικό σύστημα, σύστημα πέψης

πεπτικό σύστημα, σύστημα πέψης

Ex: Disorders of digestive system, like gastritis or Crohn 's disease , can significantly impact overall health and well-being .
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probiotic
[επίθετο]

containing beneficial bacteria or microorganisms, often used to promote digestive health or balance within the body

προβιοτικό, προβιοτική

προβιοτικό, προβιοτική

Ex: Tim 's pharmacist recommended probiotic medication to help with his antibiotic-associated diarrhea .
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to sanitize
[ρήμα]

to clean something thoroughly to reduce or eliminate germs, bacteria, or other harmful microorganisms

απολύω, καθαρίζω

απολύω, καθαρίζω

Ex: The grocery store employee sanitizing shopping carts for the next customers .
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respiratory
[επίθετο]

related to the process of breathing and the organs involved in it, such as the lungs and airways

αναπνευστικός, αναπνευστική

αναπνευστικός, αναπνευστική

Ex: Respiratory distress , characterized by difficulty breathing , requires immediate medical attention .
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body mass index
[ουσιαστικό]

a numerical measure of an individual's body fat based on their weight and height, often used to assess and categorize body weight in relation to health

Δείκτης Μάζας Σώματος, Δείκτης Σωματικής Μάζας

Δείκτης Μάζας Σώματος, Δείκτης Σωματικής Μάζας

Ex: Regular exercise and a balanced diet contribute to achieving and maintaining a body mass index.
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prenatal
[επίθετο]

related to the period occurring or existing before birth, specifically in relation to the development and care of the fetus during pregnancy

Προγεννητικός, Προγεννητική

Προγεννητικός, Προγεννητική

Ex: Prenatal yoga classes provide gentle exercises suitable for pregnant women
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gestational
[επίθετο]

relating to pregnancy or the period of carrying offspring in the womb

εγκυμοσύνης, γονιμίας

εγκυμοσύνης, γονιμίας

Ex: The clinic specializes gestational care , providing support throughout pregnancy .
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sputum
[ουσιαστικό]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

πτύελο, φλέγμα

πτύελο, φλέγμα

Ex: Effective treatment of pneumonia often involves clearing the lungs sputum to improve breathing .
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phlegm
[ουσιαστικό]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

φλέγμα, παχύρρευστο

φλέγμα, παχύρρευστο

Ex: Over-the-counter medications may help to phlegm production and alleviate symptoms of congestion and coughing .
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pharmacologist
[ουσιαστικό]

a scientist specializing in the study of drugs, their effects on biological systems, and their development for therapeutic purposes

φαρμακολόγος, φαρμακευτικός επιστήμονας

φαρμακολόγος, φαρμακευτικός επιστήμονας

Ex: Pharmacologists contribute to advancements in medicine by identifying potential drug targets and developing new therapeutic interventions .
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radiologist
[ουσιαστικό]

a medical specialist who specializes in diagnosing and treating injuries using radioactive substances and X-rays

ραδιολόγος, ακτινολόγος

ραδιολόγος, ακτινολόγος

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pathologist
[ουσιαστικό]

a medical professional who specializes in studying and diagnosing diseases by examining tissues, cells, and bodily fluids

παθολογοανατόμος, παθολογιστής

παθολογοανατόμος, παθολογιστής

Ex: Pathologists contribute essential information that guides treatment plans for various health conditions .
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pediatrician
[ουσιαστικό]

a doctor who specializes in the treatment of children

παιδίατρος, παιδιατρικός ιατρός

παιδίατρος, παιδιατρικός ιατρός

Ex: The new parents were relieved to find pediatrician who was both knowledgeable and compassionate .
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positron emission tomography
[ουσιαστικό]

a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer material to diagnose and monitor diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders

Πετογραφία εκπομπής ποζιτρονίων, Τομογραφία εκπομπής ποζιτρονίων

Πετογραφία εκπομπής ποζιτρονίων, Τομογραφία εκπομπής ποζιτρονίων

Ex: PET scans are often combined with CT or MRI scans for more comprehensive diagnostic evaluation.
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invasive
[επίθετο]

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

επέμβατικός, εισβλητικός

επέμβατικός, εισβλητικός

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inoculation
[ουσιαστικό]

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

εμβολιασμός, ενεργοποίηση ανοσίας

εμβολιασμός, ενεργοποίηση ανοσίας

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immunodeficiency
[ουσιαστικό]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

Ανοσολογική ανεπάρκεια, Ανοσοανεπάρκεια

Ανοσολογική ανεπάρκεια, Ανοσοανεπάρκεια

Ex: Immunodeficiency may be characterized by a lack of immune system components , like T cells or antibodies .
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respiration
[ουσιαστικό]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

αναπνοή, αναπνευστική διαδικασία

αναπνοή, αναπνευστική διαδικασία

Ex: Infants exhibit respiration rates compared to adults , reflecting their developing respiratory systems .
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tonic
[ουσιαστικό]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

τόνος (tonos), τονωτικό (tonotiko)

τόνος (tonos), τονωτικό (tonotiko)

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to administer
[ρήμα]

to give someone medicine, drugs, etc.

χορηγώ, διοικώ

χορηγώ, διοικώ

Ex: The veterinarian administered the vaccine to the dog during its annual check-up .
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veterinarian
[ουσιαστικό]

a doctor who is trained to treat animals

κτηνίατρος, ζωολογικός ιατρός

κτηνίατρος, ζωολογικός ιατρός

Ex: He pursued advanced training in exotic animal medicine to become a veterinarian.
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restorative
[επίθετο]

able to promote or restore one's health or strength

αποκαταστατικός, αναγεννητικός

αποκαταστατικός, αναγεννητικός

Ex: The doctor recommended restorative diet to improve her overall health .
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menopause
[ουσιαστικό]

the natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles, typically occurring around the age of 50

εμμηνόπαυση, μετεμμηνόπαυση

εμμηνόπαυση, μετεμμηνόπαυση

Ex: Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help manage weight gain menopause.
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infective
[επίθετο]

related to an infection or having the ability to cause an infection

λοιμώδης, μολυσματικός

λοιμώδης, μολυσματικός

Ex: Infective endocarditis is a serious condition caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream .
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preventative
[επίθετο]

designed to stop something harmful from happening, especially related to health or diseases

προληπτικός, προλαμβαντικός

προληπτικός, προλαμβαντικός

Ex: The clinic offers preventative screenings to detect potential health issues early on .
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psychiatric
[επίθετο]

relating to the study and treatment of mental illness

ψυχιατρικός, ψυχιατρική

ψυχιατρικός, ψυχιατρική

Ex: He specializes psychiatric research focusing on schizophrenia .
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psychologist
[ουσιαστικό]

a professional who studies behavior and mental processes to understand and treat psychological disorders and improve overall mental health

ψυχολόγος, ψυχιατρικός σύμβουλος

ψυχολόγος, ψυχιατρικός σύμβουλος

Ex: psychologist emphasized the importance of self-care and mindfulness practices during therapy sessions .
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ascorbic acid
[ουσιαστικό]

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

ασκορβικό οξύ, βιταμίνη C

ασκορβικό οξύ, βιταμίνη C

Ex: Maintaining a balanced diet ensures an adequate intake ascorbic acid for overall well-being .
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dysfunction
[ουσιαστικό]

the impaired or abnormal functioning of an organ, system, or biological process, often resulting in diminished efficiency or health consequences

δυσλειτουργία, παθολογική λειτουργία

δυσλειτουργία, παθολογική λειτουργία

Ex: Environmental factors can contribute dysfunction in ecosystems , disrupting natural balance and biodiversity .
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