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Agham ACT - Agham Pangmedisina

Matutunan ang ACT science vocabulary para sa medical science, kabilang ang kalusugan, diagnosis, paggamot, mga sistema ng katawan, klinikal na pananaliksik, at mga karaniwang proseso at konsepto ng medisina.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
embryo
embryo
[Pangngalan]

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embryo, sanggol

embryo, sanggol

Ex: During the first trimester, the human embryo undergoes rapid cell division and differentiation to form essential organs. 

Sa unang trimester, ang embryo ng tao ay sumasailalim sa mabilis na paghahati ng selula at pag-iiba upang mabuo ang mahahalagang organo.

developmental
developmental
[pang-uri]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

pag-unlad, kaugnay sa pag-unlad

pag-unlad, kaugnay sa pag-unlad

Ex: The developmental stage of the project focuses on research and planning. 

Ang yugto ng pag-unlad ng proyekto ay nakatuon sa pananaliksik at pagpaplano.

lymphoid
lymphoid
[pang-uri]

related to or resembling lymph or the tissues where lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are produced

lymphoid, may kaugnayan sa lymph

lymphoid, may kaugnayan sa lymph

Ex: The lymphoid organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes, play a crucial role in the immune system. 

Ang mga lymphoid na organo, tulad ng pali at lymph nodes, ay may mahalagang papel sa immune system.

immune response
immune response
[Pangngalan]

the body's defensive reaction to foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins, involving the activation of immune cells and the production of antibodies

tugon ng immune, reaksiyon ng immune

tugon ng immune, reaksiyon ng immune

Ex: The vaccine works by stimulating the immune response to build resistance against the virus. 

Ang bakuna ay gumagana sa pamamagitan ng pagpapasigla ng immune response upang bumuo ng resistensya laban sa virus.

placebo
placebo
[Pangngalan]

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

placebo, gamot na placebo

placebo, gamot na placebo

Ex: In the clinical trial, half of the participants received the experimental drug while the other half received a placebo. 

Sa klinikal na pagsubok, kalahati ng mga kalahok ang tumanggap ng eksperimental na gamot habang ang kalahati ay tumanggap ng placebo.

pathogen
pathogen
[Pangngalan]

any organism that can cause diseases

pathogen, sanhi ng sakit

pathogen, sanhi ng sakit

Ex: The laboratory tests confirmed the presence of a bacterial pathogen responsible for the patient's severe food poisoning. 

Kinumpirma ng mga pagsubok sa laboratoryo ang presensya ng isang bacterial pathogen na responsable sa malubhang pagkalason sa pagkain ng pasyente.

rapid eye movement
rapid eye movement
[Pangngalan]

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, vivid dreaming, and muscle paralysis, important for cognitive restoration and memory consolidation

mabilis na paggalaw ng mata, paradoxikal na pagtulog

mabilis na paggalaw ng mata, paradoxikal na pagtulog

Ex: During REM sleep, brain activity resembles that of wakefulness, despite muscle immobility. 

Sa panahon ng pagtulog na mabilis na paggalaw ng mata, ang aktibidad ng utak ay katulad ng pagiging gising, sa kabila ng kawalan ng paggalaw ng kalamnan.

fibrosis
fibrosis
[Pangngalan]

the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury or long-term inflammation

fibrosis, sclerosis

fibrosis, sclerosis

Ex: Chronic hepatitis can lead to fibrosis of the liver over time. 

Ang talamak na hepatitis ay maaaring humantong sa fibrosis ng atay sa paglipas ng panahon.

homeostasis
homeostasis
[Pangngalan]

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

homeostasis, panloob na balanse

homeostasis, panloob na balanse

Ex: Sweating to cool down the body temperature is an example of homeostasis in response to external heat. 

Ang pagpapawis para palamigin ang temperatura ng katawan ay isang halimbawa ng homeostasis bilang tugon sa panlabas na init.

to implant
to implant
[Pandiwa]

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

magtanim, mag-implant

magtanim, mag-implant

Ex: The surgeon successfully implanted a pacemaker to regulate the patient's heartbeat. 

Ang siruhano ay matagumpay na nagtanim ng pacemaker upang ayusin ang tibok ng puso ng pasyente.

autopsy
autopsy
[Pangngalan]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

autopsy, pagsusuri pagkatapos ng kamatayan

autopsy, pagsusuri pagkatapos ng kamatayan

Ex: Autopsies are crucial for investigating and determining the cause of death. 

Ang mga autopsy ay mahalaga para sa pagsisiyasat at pagtukoy sa sanhi ng kamatayan.

pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
[pang-uri]

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

parmasyutiko, gamot

parmasyutiko, gamot

Ex: The pharmaceutical company developed a new medicine for treating allergies. 

Ang kumpanyang parmasyutikal ay nakabuo ng bagong gamot para sa paggamot ng mga allergy.

lesion
lesion
[Pangngalan]

an injury or wound to living tissue, often involving a cut, break, or trauma to the skin

lesyon, sugat

lesyon, sugat

Ex: The patient had a small lesion on his forearm. 

Ang pasyente ay may maliit na sugat sa kanyang bisig.

systolic
systolic
[pang-uri]

relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood into the arteries

sistoliko

sistoliko

Ex: The doctor noted a high systolic blood pressure reading during the patient's check-up. 

Napansin ng doktor ang mataas na pagbabasa ng systolic na presyon ng dugo sa panahon ng pagsusuri ng pasyente.

phagotherapy
phagotherapy
[Pangngalan]

a medical treatment that uses bacteriophages, or viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, to combat bacterial infections

phagotherapy, paggamot gamit ang bacteriophage

phagotherapy, paggamot gamit ang bacteriophage

therapeutic
therapeutic
[pang-uri]

(of medicine) related to actions that heal, alleviate, or prevent health issues

terapeutiko

terapeutiko

Ex: Therapeutic treatments focus on healing and recovery. 

Ang mga paggamot na terapeutiko ay nakatuon sa paggaling at pagbawi.

side effect
side effect
[Pangngalan]

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

epekto sa gilid

epekto sa gilid

Ex: While the new medication effectively managed her symptoms, she was concerned about the potential side effects, including nausea and fatigue. 

Habang epektibong na-manage ng bagong gamot ang kanyang mga sintomas, nag-aalala siya sa posibleng mga side effect, kasama ang pagduduwal at pagkapagod.

to diagnose
to diagnose
[Pandiwa]

to find out the cause of a problem or disease that a person has by examining the symptoms

mag-diagnose, tukuyin ang sanhi

mag-diagnose, tukuyin ang sanhi

Ex: Doctors use various tests to diagnose medical conditions accurately. 

Gumagamit ang mga doktor ng iba't ibang pagsusuri upang masuri nang tumpak ang mga kondisyong medikal.

antiseptic
antiseptic
[Pangngalan]

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

antiséptiko, pampatay ng mikrobyo

antiséptiko, pampatay ng mikrobyo

Ex: She cleaned the cut with antiseptic before applying a bandage to prevent infection. 

Nilinis niya ang hiwa gamit ang antiseptiko bago maglagay ng benda upang maiwasan ang impeksyon.

digestive system
digestive system
[Pangngalan]

the group of organs inside the body that absorb the food and pass the waste

sistemang panunaw, digestibong sistema

sistemang panunaw, digestibong sistema

Ex: Waste products are then processed in the digestive system, eventually eliminated through the large intestine. 

Ang mga produktong basura ay pagkatapos ay pinoproseso sa digestive system, sa huli ay inalis sa pamamagitan ng malaking bituka.

probiotic
probiotic
[pang-uri]

containing beneficial bacteria or microorganisms, often used to promote digestive health or balance within the body

probiotic, naglalaman ng kapaki-pakinabang na bakterya

probiotic, naglalaman ng kapaki-pakinabang na bakterya

Ex: Sarah regularly consumes probiotic yogurt to support her digestive system. 

Regular na kumakain si Sarah ng probiotic yogurt para suportahan ang kanyang digestive system.

to sanitize
to sanitize
[Pandiwa]

to clean something thoroughly to reduce or eliminate germs, bacteria, or other harmful microorganisms

linisin nang mabuti, disimpektahan

linisin nang mabuti, disimpektahan

Ex: After preparing raw meat, it's important to sanitize the cutting board to prevent cross-contamination. 

Pagkatapos maghanda ng hilaw na karne, mahalagang sanitize ang cutting board upang maiwasan ang cross-contamination.

respiratory
respiratory
[pang-uri]

related to the process of breathing and the organs involved in it, such as the lungs and airways

panghininga

panghininga

Ex: Respiratory infections, like the common cold or pneumonia, affect the airways and lungs. 

Ang mga impeksyon sa paghinga, tulad ng karaniwang sipon o pulmonya, ay nakakaapekto sa mga daanan ng hangin at baga.

body mass index
body mass index
[Pangngalan]

a numerical measure of an individual's body fat based on their weight and height, often used to assess and categorize body weight in relation to health

indeks ng masa ng katawan, BMI

indeks ng masa ng katawan, BMI

Ex: The doctor calculated the patient's body mass index to evaluate their overall health. 

Kinakalkula ng doktor ang body mass index ng pasyente upang suriin ang kanilang pangkalahatang kalusugan.

prenatal
prenatal
[pang-uri]

related to the period occurring or existing before birth, specifically in relation to the development and care of the fetus during pregnancy

prenatal, bago ang pagsilang

prenatal, bago ang pagsilang

Ex: Prenatal vitamins are recommended for expectant mothers to support fetal development 

Ang mga bitamina prenatal ay inirerekomenda para sa mga inaasahang ina upang suportahan ang pag-unlad ng pangsanggol.

gestational
gestational
[pang-uri]

relating to pregnancy or the period of carrying offspring in the womb

gestational, kaugnay ng pagbubuntis

gestational, kaugnay ng pagbubuntis

Ex: Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. 

Ang gestational diabetes ay isang uri ng diabetes na nangyayari sa panahon ng pagbubuntis.

sputum
sputum
[Pangngalan]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

plema, uhog

plema, uhog

Ex: The doctor asked the patient to provide a sample of sputum for laboratory analysis. 

Hiniling ng doktor sa pasyente na magbigay ng sample ng plema para sa pagsusuri sa laboratoryo.

phlegm
phlegm
[Pangngalan]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

plema, uhog

plema, uhog

Ex: The common cold often causes an increase in phlegm production, leading to congestion and coughing. 

Ang karaniwang sipon ay madalas na nagdudulot ng pagtaas sa produksyon ng plema, na nagdudulot ng barado at ubo.

pharmacologist
pharmacologist
[Pangngalan]

a scientist specializing in the study of drugs, their effects on biological systems, and their development for therapeutic purposes

parmakologo, dalubhasa sa parmakolohiya

parmakologo, dalubhasa sa parmakolohiya

Ex: The pharmacologist conducted experiments to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new drug candidate. 

Ang pharmacologist ay nagsagawa ng mga eksperimento upang suriin ang efficacy at kaligtasan ng isang bagong drug candidate.

radiologist
radiologist
[Pangngalan]

a medical specialist who specializes in diagnosing and treating injuries using radioactive substances and X-rays

radiologist, espesyalista sa radyolohiya

radiologist, espesyalista sa radyolohiya

pathologist
pathologist
[Pangngalan]

a medical professional who specializes in studying and diagnosing diseases by examining tissues, cells, and bodily fluids

pathologist

pathologist

Ex: The pathologist plays a key role in understanding the causes and nature of diseases. 

Ang patologo ay may mahalagang papel sa pag-unawa sa mga sanhi at kalikasan ng mga sakit.

pediatrician
pediatrician
[Pangngalan]

a doctor who specializes in the treatment of children

pediatrician, doktor ng mga bata

pediatrician, doktor ng mga bata

Ex: She took her baby to the pediatrician for routine check-ups and vaccinations. 

Dinala niya ang kanyang sanggol sa pediatrician para sa mga regular na pagsusuri at bakuna.

positron emission tomography

a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer material to diagnose and monitor diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders

positron emission tomography, PET

positron emission tomography, PET

Ex: The PET scan revealed a hot spot indicating increased metabolic activity in the brain. 

Ang positron emission tomography ay nagpakita ng isang hot spot na nagpapahiwatig ng tumaas na metabolic activity sa utak.

invasive
invasive
[pang-uri]

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

invasive, pumapasok

invasive, pumapasok

inoculation
inoculation
[Pangngalan]

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

pagbabakuna, pag-iinokula

pagbabakuna, pag-iinokula

immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency
[Pangngalan]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

kawalan ng imyunidad

kawalan ng imyunidad

Ex: Immunodeficiency disorders can be inherited or acquired, affecting the body's ability to fight infections. 

Ang mga karamdaman sa immunodeficiency ay maaaring manahin o makuha, na nakakaapekto sa kakayahan ng katawan na labanan ang mga impeksyon.

respiration
respiration
[Pangngalan]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

paghininga

paghininga

Ex: Respiration involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide by the lungs. 

Ang paghihinga ay nagsasangkot ng paglanghap ng oxygen at paglabas ng carbon dioxide ng mga baga.

tonic
tonic
[Pangngalan]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

toniko, pampalakas

toniko, pampalakas

to administer
to administer
[Pandiwa]

to give medicine, a drug, or medical treatment to someone

ipagamot, bigyan ng gamot

ipagamot, bigyan ng gamot

Ex: The nurse administered the medication through an injection. 
veterinarian
veterinarian
[Pangngalan]

a doctor who is trained to treat animals

beterinaryo, doktor ng hayop

beterinaryo, doktor ng hayop

Ex: She's been working as a veterinarian at a local animal clinic for over twenty years. 

Siya ay nagtatrabaho bilang veterinarian sa isang lokal na animal clinic nang mahigit dalawampung taon.

restorative
restorative
[pang-uri]

able to promote or restore one's health or strength

nagpapanumbalik, nagpapanariwa

nagpapanumbalik, nagpapanariwa

Ex: Physical therapy exercises served restorative purposes in regaining knee strength following injury. 

Ang mga ehersisyo ng physical therapy ay naglingkod ng mga layuning nagpapanumbalik sa pagbawi ng lakas ng tuhod pagkatapos ng pinsala.

menopause
menopause
[Pangngalan]

the natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles, typically occurring around the age of 50

menopos

menopos

Ex: Many women experience hot flashes and mood swings during menopause. 

Maraming kababaihan ang nakakaranas ng hot flashes at mood swings sa panahon ng menopause.

infective
infective
[pang-uri]

related to an infection or having the ability to cause an infection

nakakahawa, may kakayahang magdulot ng impeksyon

nakakahawa, may kakayahang magdulot ng impeksyon

Ex: The infective bacteria spread quickly through the contaminated water supply. 

Ang nakakahawang bakterya ay mabilis na kumalat sa pamamagitan ng kontaminadong suplay ng tubig.

preventative
preventative
[pang-uri]

designed to stop something harmful from happening, especially related to health or diseases

pang-iwas, panlaban

pang-iwas, panlaban

Ex: The doctor recommended a preventative vaccine to avoid the flu this season. 

Inirekomenda ng doktor ang isang pang-iwas na bakuna upang maiwasan ang trangkaso ngayong panahon.

psychiatric
psychiatric
[pang-uri]

relating to the study and treatment of mental illness

sikiyatrik, may kaugnayan sa sikiyatriya

sikiyatrik, may kaugnayan sa sikiyatriya

Ex: She sought psychiatric help to manage her anxiety disorder. 

Naghahanap siya ng tulong saykayatriko upang pamahalaan ang kanyang anxiety disorder.

psychologist
psychologist
[Pangngalan]

a professional who studies the mind, emotions, and behavior, sometimes applying this knowledge to assessment or treatment

sikolohista,  psychologist

sikolohista, psychologist

Ex: Emma works as a psychologist at a children's hospital. 
ascorbic acid
ascorbic acid
[Pangngalan]

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

ascorbic acid, bitamina C

ascorbic acid, bitamina C

Ex: Oranges contain a high amount of ascorbic acid, which is also known as vitamin C. 

Ang mga dalandan ay naglalaman ng mataas na dami ng ascorbic acid, na kilala rin bilang vitamin C.

dysfunction
dysfunction
[Pangngalan]

the impaired or abnormal functioning of an organ, system, or biological process, often resulting in diminished efficiency or health consequences

disfunction, pagkakaroon ng sira sa paggana

disfunction, pagkakaroon ng sira sa paggana

Ex: Chronic stress can lead to dysfunction of the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. 

Ang talamak na stress ay maaaring humantong sa disfunction ng immune system, na ginagawang mas madaling kapitan ng mga impeksyon ang mga indibidwal.

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