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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Desventaja Social y Problemas Centrales

Aprende vocabulario avanzado de CAE sobre la desventaja social y los principales problemas sociales, incluyendo la desigualdad, la pobreza, la exclusión, las dificultades, la discriminación y el acceso a oportunidades.

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)
rundown
rundown
[Adjetivo]

(of a place or building) in a very poor condition, often due to negligence

ruinoso

ruinoso

Ex: The rundown neighborhood had a high crime rate and few residents. 

El vecindario deteriorado tenía una alta tasa de criminalidad y pocos residentes.

illiteracy
illiteracy
[Sustantivo]

the inability to read and write

analfabetismo

analfabetismo

Ex: The public health campaign included pictorial instructions to reach people affected by illiteracy. 

La campaña de salud pública incluyó instrucciones pictóricas para llegar a las personas afectadas por el analfabetismo.

homeless
homeless
[Sustantivo]

people who lack stable housing and so live on the streets

sin hogar, sin techo

sin hogar, sin techo

Ex: The homeless gathered at the community center for a meal. 

Las personas sin hogar se reunieron en el centro comunitario para una comida.

disorder
disorder
[Sustantivo]

conduct that causes public unrest

disturbio, desorden

disturbio, desorden

Ex: Officers dispersed the crowd to prevent further disorder outside the courthouse. 

Los oficiales dispersaron a la multitud para prevenir más desórdenes fuera del palacio de justicia.

to [breed] crime

to cause or increase the occurrence of criminal activity, often by creating conditions that encourage it

Ex: Inequality doesn't excuse but can breed crime. 
unfit
unfit
[Adjetivo]

not suitable or capable enough for a specific task or purpose

incapaz, inadecuado

incapaz, inadecuado

Ex: The unreliable internet connection rendered the online meeting unfit for conducting business. 

La conexión a internet poco fiable hizo que la reunión en línea fuera inadecuada para llevar a cabo negocios.

street child
street child
[Sustantivo]

a child for whom the street is the habitual place of residence or primary source of livelihood

niño de la calle, niño en situación de calle

niño de la calle, niño en situación de calle

Ex: She remembered the street child who sold flowers outside the station and how he vanished when it rained. 

Ella recordó al niño de la calle que vendía flores fuera de la estación y cómo desaparecía cuando llovía.

poverty line
poverty line
[Sustantivo]

an officially recognized income threshold that separates those considered to have sufficient resources from those judged to lack the minimum income needed to meet basic needs

línea de pobreza, umbral de pobreza

línea de pobreza, umbral de pobreza

Ex: Researchers compared health outcomes for children living below and above the poverty line. 

Los investigadores compararon los resultados de salud de los niños que viven por debajo y por encima de la línea de pobreza.

to incite
to incite
[Verbo]

to encourage someone to commit a crime or act violently

incitar

incitar

Ex: The crowd’s anger was incited by provocative statements from the speaker. 

La ira de la multitud fue incitada por declaraciones provocativas del orador.

famine
famine
[Sustantivo]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

hambre, hambruna

hambre, hambruna

Ex: The drought led to a severe famine in the region. 

La sequía provocó una hambruna severa en la región.

destitute
destitute
[Adjetivo]

lacking essential non-material needs, such as support, love, or community

indigente

indigente

Ex: After the floods, the region was destitute of shelter or aid. 

Después de las inundaciones, la región estaba desprovista de refugio o ayuda.

the margin of society

the social or economic edge of a community, where individuals or groups are excluded from full participation or opportunity

Ex: He grew up on the margin of society, facing constant hardship. 
penury
penury
[Sustantivo]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

penuria

penuria

Ex: Despite his penury, he remained hopeful for a better future. 

A pesar de su penuria, siguió siendo optimista por un futuro mejor.

to [sleep] rough

to sleep outdoors or in a place that is not intended for accommodation, such as on the streets or in a park, usually without proper bedding or shelter

Ex: She slept rough for a week when she was backpacking in the mountains. 
riot
riot
[Sustantivo]

a situation when a group of people behave violently, particularly as a protest

disturbio

disturbio

Ex: The police were called to the scene to control the riot that had broken out in the city center. 

La policía fue llamada al lugar para controlar el motín que había estallado en el centro de la ciudad.

to erupt
to erupt
[Verbo]

to suddenly and dramatically start, often in a surprising or intense way

estallar, erupcionar

estallar, erupcionar

Ex: A wave of applause erupted after the actor finished his speech. 

Una ola de aplausos estalló después de que el actor terminara su discurso.

social exclusion

the state of being shut out from full participation in society due to poverty, discrimination, or lack of access to services, rights, or opportunities

Ex: Digital illiteracy can cause social exclusion in modern societies. 
antisocial
antisocial
[Adjetivo]

hostile toward accepted social standards, laws, or communal order

antisocial, asocial

antisocial, asocial

Ex: Neighbors complained about antisocial late‑night noise that kept families awake. 

Los vecinos se quejaron del ruido antisocial a altas horas de la noche que mantenía despiertas a las familias.

the breadline
the breadline
[Sustantivo]

an informal threshold of income that marks the level at which a person or household is regarded as very poor or barely able to afford basic necessities

umbral de pobreza, mínimo de subsistencia

umbral de pobreza, mínimo de subsistencia

Ex: Their wages keep them just above the breadline. 

Sus sueldos los mantienen apenas por encima del umbral de pobreza.

to [live] from hand to mouth

to survive with just enough money or resources to meet immediate needs, without saving or planning for the future

Ex: She's tired of living from hand to mouth with no security. 
congestion
congestion
[Sustantivo]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

congestión, embotellamiento

congestión, embotellamiento

Ex: The road was completely blocked due to congestion from an accident. 

La carretera estaba completamente bloqueada debido a la congestión por un accidente.

gridlock
gridlock
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which traffic is so heavily congested that movement is virtually impossible

embotellamiento, atasco

embotellamiento, atasco

Ex: Rush hour traffic led to gridlock on the freeway, and we were stuck for miles. 

El tráfico de la hora pico llevó a un atasco en la autopista, y estuvimos atrapados por millas.

deprived
deprived
[Adjetivo]

lacking the basic necessities of life

privado

privado

Ex: The deprived community lacked access to clean water and adequate healthcare. 

La comunidad desfavorecida carecía de acceso a agua limpia y atención médica adecuada.

prejudiced
prejudiced
[Adjetivo]

holding opinions or judgments influenced by personal bias rather than objective reasoning

prejuiciado, predispuesto

prejuiciado, predispuesto

Ex: A prejudiced perspective can distort historical analysis. 

Una perspectiva prejuiciada puede distorsionar el análisis histórico.

unrest
unrest
[Sustantivo]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

disturbios

disturbios

Ex: Unrest grew after the controversial election results were announced. 

El malestar aumentó después de que se anunciaran los controvertidos resultados electorales.

black spot
black spot
[Sustantivo]

a physical location known for frequent danger, accidents, or problems

punto negro, zona negra

punto negro, zona negra

Ex: This crossing is a well-known black spot in the city. 

Este cruce es un punto negro muy conocido en la ciudad.

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