El libro Total English - Avanzado - Unidad 8 - Referencia

the use of living organisms, or their parts or products, in industrial, agricultural, medical, or other technological applications to produce or modify useful products or processes

biotecnología, biotecnología industrial

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

censura, prohibición

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pobreza

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

democracia

the process by which economies, cultures, and societies across the world have become more interconnected and integrated

globalización, internacionalización

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

calentamiento global

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

inmigración

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

usurpación de identidad, suplantación de identidad

the act of traveling through unfamiliar areas in order to gain knowledge or discover new information

exploración, exploración científica

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

multiculturalismo

the state of being without a job

desempleo, desocupación, paro

the reduction or exhaustion of a resource, supply, or quantity, resulting in a decrease or loss

agotamiento, depleción

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

capa de ozono

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonación, duplicación

the right to express any opinions or ideas without censorship, restraint, or fear of retaliation from the government or other authorities

libertad de expresión, libertad de palabra

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

corporación

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

contaminación, polución

to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

sobrevalorar

to consider someone or something as less important, valuable, or skillful than they actually are

subestimar

very harmful or bad

desastroso, catastrófico

having the potential to cause death

mortal, letal

an advantage or a helpful effect that is the result of a situation

beneficio

absolutely necessary or crucial, to the point that being replaced or substituted is not possible

indispensable

extremely valuable and essential, to the point that the true worth of something is immeasurable

inestimable

to forcefully split or remove something from their place or position, often through pulling or ripping

arrancar, sacar

in a way that involves danger yet is full of excitement and adventure

a phone call that is made at a particular time to wake someone up, at their request, for example in a hotel

servicio de despertador

the ultimate or most important thing

non-stop and continuing through the whole day and night

todo el día y la noche, sin parar

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

agotar, burnear

a highly favorable or advantageous chance or situation that holds great potential for success or achievement

oportunidad dorada, chance dorada

a strong urge to travel or leave somewhere

pies inquietos, picazón por viajar

serious and of great importance or significance

importante

having significant effects, implications, or consequences that extend over a wide area or range

de amplio alcance, con amplias repercusiones

the primary cause of something

raíz

to be the reason for a specific incident or result

provocar

to create a particular situation or event

to cause something to occur

resultar en

to originate from a particular source or factor

provenir de

used to specify or emphasize a particular aspect or detail within a broader context

en particular, particularmente

used to introduce additional information

además

used to introduce an opposing statement

sin embargo

used to add extra or supplementary information

además de

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

por otro lado, en cambio

to suggest without explicitly stating

insinuar

to highlight something and make it easier to notice by drawing attention toward it

clasificar

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

inferir

to emphasize a particular point or aspect

enfatizar

to cause or give rise to something

generar

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

valorar

to thoughtfully prepare or create something, paying close attention to its details

formular

used to introduce the most important part of what is being said

en particular

to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

resumir, hacer un resumen de

organized according to the order that the events occurred in

cronológico

arranged according to the order of the letters in the alphabet

alfabético, en orden alfabético