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El libro Total English - Avanzado - Unidad 8 - Referencia

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Unidad 8 - Referencia en el libro de curso Total English Advanced, como "raíz", "formular", "exploración", etc.

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Total English - Advanced
biotechnology
[Sustantivo]

the use of living organisms, or their parts or products, in industrial, agricultural, medical, or other technological applications to produce or modify useful products or processes

biotecnología, tecnología biológica

biotecnología, tecnología biológica

censorship
[Sustantivo]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

la censura, el control de la información

la censura, el control de la información

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information .La **censura** de los medios durante la guerra es común para evitar que el enemigo obtenga información estratégica.
poverty
[Sustantivo]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pobreza

pobreza

Ex: The charity focuses on providing food and shelter to those living in poverty.La organización benéfica se centra en proporcionar alimentos y refugio a quienes viven en la **pobreza**.
democracy
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democracia

democracia

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .En una **democracia**, el poder judicial es independiente de los poderes ejecutivo y legislativo.
globalization
[Sustantivo]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalización

globalización

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry .
global warming
[Sustantivo]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

calentamiento global

calentamiento global

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife .El **calentamiento global** amenaza los ecosistemas y la vida silvestre.
immigration
[Sustantivo]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

inmigración

inmigración

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Después de décadas de **inmigración**, el vecindario se ha convertido en una comunidad multicultural vibrante.
identity theft
[Sustantivo]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

usurpación de identidad, suplantación de identidad

usurpación de identidad, suplantación de identidad

Ex: He discovered the identity theft when he received bills for purchases he never made .Descubrió el **robo de identidad** cuando recibió facturas por compras que nunca hizo.
exploration
[Sustantivo]

the act of traveling through unfamiliar areas in order to gain knowledge or discover new information

exploración

exploración

Ex: The exploration of deep space has fascinated scientists for decades .**La exploración** del espacio profundo ha fascinado a los científicos durante décadas.
multiculturalism
[Sustantivo]

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

multiculturalismo

multiculturalismo

Ex: Multiculturalism is an ongoing process that requires active engagement and dialogue among individuals and communities to build a more inclusive and harmonious society .El **multiculturalismo** es un proceso continuo que requiere un compromiso activo y un diálogo entre individuos y comunidades para construir una sociedad más inclusiva y armoniosa.
unemployment
[Sustantivo]

the state of being without a job

desempleo, desocupación, paro

desempleo, desocupación, paro

Ex: Many people faced long-term unemployment during the global financial crisis .Muchas personas enfrentaron un **desempleo** prolongado durante la crisis financiera global.
depletion
[Sustantivo]

the reduction or exhaustion of a resource, supply, or quantity, resulting in a decrease or loss

agotamiento, disminución

agotamiento, disminución

ozone layer
[Sustantivo]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

capa de ozono

capa de ozono

Ex: International agreements like the Montreal Protocol aim to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances .Los acuerdos internacionales como el Protocolo de Montreal tienen como objetivo proteger la **capa de ozono** mediante la eliminación gradual de las sustancias que agotan la capa de ozono.
cloning
[Sustantivo]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonación

clonación

Ex: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal created through cloning.Dolly la oveja fue el primer mamífero creado mediante **clonación**.
freedom of speech
[Sustantivo]

the right to express any opinions or ideas without censorship, restraint, or fear of retaliation from the government or other authorities

libertad de expresión

libertad de expresión

corporation
[Sustantivo]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

corporación

corporación

Ex: The new environmental regulations will affect how the corporation conducts its business .Las nuevas regulaciones ambientales afectarán cómo la **corporación** lleva a cabo sus negocios.
pollution
[Sustantivo]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

contaminación, polución

contaminación, polución

Ex: The pollution caused by plastic waste is a growing environmental crisis .La **contaminación** causada por los desechos plásticos es una crisis ambiental creciente.

to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

sobrevalorar

sobrevalorar

Ex: Technology companies often overrate the demand for new features .Las empresas tecnológicas a menudo **sobrevaloran** la demanda de nuevas características.

to consider someone or something as less important, valuable, or skillful than they actually are

subestimar

subestimar

Ex: The book was initially underrated but later became a classic .El libro fue inicialmente **subestimado** pero luego se convirtió en un clásico.
disastrous
[Adjetivo]

very harmful or bad

desastroso, catastrófico

desastroso, catastrófico

Ex: The oil spill had disastrous effects on marine life and coastal ecosystems .El derrame de petróleo tuvo efectos **desastrosos** en la vida marina y los ecosistemas costeros.
deadly
[Adjetivo]

having the potential to cause death

mortal, letal

mortal, letal

Ex: She survived a deadly fall from a great height .Ella sobrevivió a una caída **mortal** desde una gran altura.
benefit
[Sustantivo]

an advantage or a helpful effect that is the result of a situation

beneficio

beneficio

Ex: The study highlighted the environmental benefits of using renewable energy sources .El estudio destacó los **beneficios** ambientales del uso de fuentes de energía renovable.
indispensable
[Adjetivo]

essential and impossible to do without

indispensable

indispensable

Ex: Proper safety gear is indispensable when working with hazardous materials .El equipo de seguridad adecuado es **indispensable** cuando se trabaja con materiales peligrosos.
invaluable
[Adjetivo]

holding such great value or importance that it cannot be measured or replaced

inestimable

inestimable

Ex: His invaluable expertise saved the company from a major crisis .Su experiencia **invaluable** salvó a la empresa de una gran crisis.

to forcefully split or remove something from their place or position, often through pulling or ripping

arrancar, desarraigar

arrancar, desarraigar

Ex: She tore the old wallpaper out to create a fresh look in the room.Ella **arrancó** el viejo papel tapiz para crear un aspecto fresco en la habitación.

in a way that involves danger yet is full of excitement and adventure

Ex: n the fast lane
wake-up call
[Sustantivo]

a phone call that is made at a particular time to wake someone up, at their request, for example in a hotel

servicio de despertador

servicio de despertador

Ex: They asked for a wake-up call to be well-prepared for their morning excursion .Pidieron una **llamada de despertador** para estar bien preparados para su excursión matutina.

the ultimate or most important thing

Ex: She considered her family to be be-all and end-all of her life .

non-stop and continuing through the whole day and night

las 24 horas, día y noche

las 24 horas, día y noche

Ex: The emergency response team operated around the clock during the natural disaster .El equipo de respuesta de emergencia operó **las 24 horas** durante el desastre natural.

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

agotarse, quemarse

agotarse, quemarse

Ex: She realized that the non-stop pace of her lifestyle was burning her out.Se dio cuenta de que el ritmo incesante de su estilo de vida la estaba **quemando**.
golden opportunity
[Sustantivo]

a highly favorable or advantageous chance or situation that holds great potential for success or achievement

oportunidad de oro, ocasión de oro

oportunidad de oro, ocasión de oro

Ex: They seized the golden opportunity to expand their business into new markets .Aprovecharon **la oportunidad de oro** para expandir su negocio a nuevos mercados.
itchy feet
[Sustantivo]

a strong urge to travel or leave somewhere

pies inquietos, ganas de viajar

pies inquietos, ganas de viajar

Ex: Even though she had a comfortable home , her itchy feet drove her to go on a backpacking adventure across Europe .Aunque tenía un hogar cómodo, sus **ganas de viajar** la llevaron a emprender una aventura de mochilero por Europa.
major
[Adjetivo]

serious and of great importance

importante

importante

Ex: The major decision to expand operations overseas was met with cautious optimism .La **gran** decisión de expandir las operaciones en el extranjero fue recibida con optimismo cauteloso.
far-reaching
[Adjetivo]

having significant effects, implications, or consequences that extend over a wide area or range

de gran alcance, con consecuencias de largo alcance

de gran alcance, con consecuencias de largo alcance

Ex: The far-reaching reach of the charity 's programs helps improve the lives of people in need across the globe .El alcance **de gran alcance** de los programas de la organización benéfica ayuda a mejorar la vida de las personas necesitadas en todo el mundo.
root
[Sustantivo]

the primary cause of something

raíz

raíz

Ex: The company conducted a thorough analysis to determine the root of the financial problems affecting their performance .La empresa realizó un análisis exhaustivo para determinar la **raíz** de los problemas financieros que afectan su desempeño.

to be the reason for a specific incident or result

provocar

provocar

Ex: The new law brought about positive changes in the community .La nueva ley **provocó** cambios positivos en la comunidad.

to create a particular situation or event

Ex: The new gave rise to public protests .

to cause something to occur

resultar en

resultar en

Ex: Proper maintenance will result in longer-lasting equipment .El mantenimiento adecuado **resultará en** equipos más duraderos.

to originate from a particular source or factor

provenir de

provenir de

Ex: The anxiety stems from unresolved emotional trauma and stress .La ansiedad **proviene de** un trauma emocional no resuelto y estrés.
in particular
[Adverbio]

used to specify or emphasize a particular aspect or detail within a broader context

en particular, especialmente

en particular, especialmente

Ex: The museum has a diverse collection , but the exhibit on ancient civilizations in particular is fascinating .El museo tiene una colección diversa, pero la exposición sobre civilizaciones antiguas **en particular** es fascinante.
furthermore
[Adverbio]

used to introduce additional information

además

además

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptability ; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward .El liderazgo de Jack inspira éxito y adaptabilidad; **además**, su visión impulsa el proyecto hacia adelante.
nevertheless
[Adverbio]

used to introduce an opposing statement

sin embargo

sin embargo

Ex: The path was forbidden ; they walked it nevertheless.El camino estaba prohibido; lo caminaron **no obstante**.
in addition to
[Preposición]

used to add extra or supplementary information

además de

además de

Ex: In addition to their regular duties , the team was asked to prepare a presentation for the board meeting .**Además de** sus tareas habituales, al equipo se le pidió que preparara una presentación para la reunión de la junta.

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

por otro lado, por otra parte

por otro lado, por otra parte

Ex: The plan could save money.
to imply
[Verbo]

to suggest without explicitly stating

insinuar

insinuar

Ex: The advertisement 's imagery implied that using their product would lead to success .Las imágenes del anuncio **insinuaban** que usar su producto llevaría al éxito.

to highlight something and make it easier to notice by drawing attention toward it

clasificar

clasificar

Ex: The chef arranged the garnish to emphasize the dish ’s vibrant colors and textures .El chef dispuso la guarnición para **resaltar** los colores vibrantes y las texturas del plato.
to infer
[Verbo]

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

inferir

inferir

Ex: She infers the answer to the question by examining the available information .Ella **infiere** la respuesta a la pregunta examinando la información disponible.
to stress
[Verbo]

to emphasize a particular point or aspect

enfatizar

enfatizar

Ex: The coach stressed the significance of teamwork for the success of the sports team .El entrenador **subrayó** la importancia del trabajo en equipo para el éxito del equipo deportivo.

to cause or give rise to something

generar

generar

Ex: The marketing team generates leads through various online channels .El equipo de marketing **genera** leads a través de varios canales en línea.
to assess
[Verbo]

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

valorar

valorar

Ex: The coach assessed the players ' skills during tryouts for the team .El entrenador **evaluó** las habilidades de los jugadores durante las pruebas para el equipo.

to thoughtfully prepare or create something, paying close attention to its details

formular

formular

Ex: The policy analyst was tasked with formulating recommendations based on thorough research .
notably
[Adverbio]

used to introduce the most important part of what is being said

en particular

en particular

Ex: The museum houses a collection of rare artifacts , notably an ancient manuscript dating back to the 10th century .El museo alberga una colección de artefactos raros, **notablemente** un manuscrito antiguo que data del siglo X.
to sum up
[Verbo]

to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

resumir, hacer un resumen de

resumir, hacer un resumen de

Ex: He summed up the novel 's plot in a few sentences for those who had n't read it .Él **resumió** la trama de la novela en unas pocas frases para aquellos que no la habían leído.
chronological
[Adjetivo]

organized according to the order that the events occurred in

cronológico

cronológico

Ex: The museum exhibit showcased artifacts in chronological order , illustrating the development of civilization .La exposición del museo mostraba artefactos en orden **cronológico**, ilustrando el desarrollo de la civilización.
alphabetical
[Adjetivo]

arranged according to the order of the letters in the alphabet

alfabético, en orden alfabético

alfabético, en orden alfabético

Ex: For the spelling bee , the words were presented in alphabetical order .Para el concurso de ortografía, las palabras se presentaron en orden **alfabético**.
El libro Total English - Avanzado
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