كتاب Total English - متقدم - الوحدة 8-المرجع
ستجد هنا المفردات من الوحدة 8 - المرجع في كتاب الدورة التدريبية Total English Advanced، مثل "الجذر"، و"الصياغة"، و"الاستكشاف"، وما إلى ذلك.
مراجعة
بطاقات الفلاش
الهجاء
اختبار قصير
the use of living organisms, or their parts or products, in industrial, agricultural, medical, or other technological applications to produce or modify useful products or processes

التكنولوجيا الحيوية, البيوتكنولوجيا
the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

الرقابة, المانع
the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

فقر, عَوَز
a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

ديمقراطية, نظام ديمقراطي
the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

العولمة, التحولات العالمية
the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

الاحتباس الحراري, ارتفاع درجة حرارة الأرض
the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

الهجرة, القدوم إلى بلد آخر
the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

سرقة الهوية, اختلاس الهوية
the act of traveling through unfamiliar areas in order to gain knowledge or discover new information

استكشاف, بحث
the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

التعددية الثقافية, المولتيكولتورالية
the state of being without a job

البطالة, فقدان العمل
the reduction or exhaustion of a resource, supply, or quantity, resulting in a decrease or loss

نضوب, استنزاف
a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

طبقة الأوزون, غلاف الأوزون
the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

استنساخ, تكرار جيني
the right to express any opinions or ideas without censorship, restraint, or fear of retaliation from the government or other authorities

حرية التعبير, حرية الكلام
a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

شركة, مؤسسة
a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

تلوث, تدهور بيئي
to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

يُبالغ في تقدير, يُعطي قيمة أكبر مما تستحق
to consider someone or something as less important, valuable, or skillful than they actually are

يقلل من قيمة, يستخف ب
very harmful or bad

مدمر, كارثي
having the potential to cause death

مميت, قاتل
an advantage or a helpful effect that is the result of a situation

فائدة, ميزة
essential and impossible to do without
holding such great value or importance that it cannot be measured or replaced

لا يُقدَّر بثمن, ذو قيمة لا تٌقارن
to forcefully split or remove something from their place or position, often through pulling or ripping

تمزق, يشيل بالقوة
in a way that involves danger yet is full of excitement and adventure
a phone call that is made at a particular time to wake someone up, at their request, for example in a hotel

إشعار الاستيقاظ, مكالمة استيقاظ
the ultimate or most important thing
non-stop and continuing through the whole day and night

على مدار الساعة, طوال 24 ساعة
to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

أُرهِقَت, انْهَكَتَ
a highly favorable or advantageous chance or situation that holds great potential for success or achievement

فرصة ذهبية, فرصة سانحة
a strong urge to travel or leave somewhere

شغف السفر, الرغبة في المغادرة
serious and of great importance
having significant effects, implications, or consequences that extend over a wide area or range

بعيد المدى, واسع التأثير
the primary cause of something

جذر, أساس
to be the reason for a specific incident or result

أدى إلى, سبب في
to create a particular situation or event
to cause something to occur

أدى إلى, تسبب في
to originate from a particular source or factor

يعود إلى, ينشأ من
used to specify or emphasize a particular aspect or detail within a broader context

بشكل خاص, على وجه الخصوص
used to introduce additional information

علاوة على ذلك, بالإضافة إلى ذلك
used to introduce an opposing statement

ومع ذلك, على الرغم من ذلك
used to add extra or supplementary information

بالإضافة إلى, فضلاً عن
used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

من ناحية أخرى, وعلى الجانب الآخر
to suggest without explicitly stating

يُشير, يوحي
to highlight something and make it easier to notice by drawing attention toward it

أبرز, ركز على
to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

استنتج, استخلص
to emphasize a particular point or aspect

أبرز, شدد على
to cause or give rise to something

يولّد, يُنتج
to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

يقيّم, يُقدّر
to thoughtfully prepare or create something, paying close attention to its details

وضع خطة, صاغ
used to introduce the most important part of what is being said

بشكل ملحوظ, لا سيما
to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

خَلَصَ, لَخَّصَ
organized according to the order that the events occurred in

ترتيبي زمني, زمني
arranged according to the order of the letters in the alphabet

ترتيب هجائي, ترتيب أبجدي
