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كتاب Total English - متقدم - الوحدة 8-المرجع

ستجد هنا المفردات من الوحدة 8 - المرجع في كتاب الدورة التدريبية Total English Advanced، مثل "الجذر"، و"الصياغة"، و"الاستكشاف"، وما إلى ذلك.

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Total English - Advanced
biotechnology

the use of living organisms, or their parts or products, in industrial, agricultural, medical, or other technological applications to produce or modify useful products or processes

التكنولوجيا الحيوية

التكنولوجيا الحيوية

Google Translate
[اسم]
censorship

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

رقابة

رقابة

Google Translate
[اسم]
poverty

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

فقر

فقر

Google Translate
[اسم]
democracy

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

الديمقراطية

الديمقراطية

Google Translate
[اسم]
globalisation

the process by which economies, cultures, and societies across the world have become more interconnected and integrated

العولمة

العولمة

Google Translate
[اسم]
global warming

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

الاحتباس الحراري

الاحتباس الحراري

Google Translate
[اسم]
immigration

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

الهجرة

الهجرة

Google Translate
[اسم]
identity theft

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

سرقة الهوية

سرقة الهوية

Google Translate
[اسم]
exploration

the act of traveling through unfamiliar areas in order to gain knowledge or discover new information

استكشاف

استكشاف

Google Translate
[اسم]
multiculturalism

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

التعددية الثقافية

التعددية الثقافية

Google Translate
[اسم]
unemployment

the state of being without a job

البطالة

البطالة

Google Translate
[اسم]
depletion

the reduction or exhaustion of a resource, supply, or quantity, resulting in a decrease or loss

استنفاد

استنفاد

Google Translate
[اسم]
ozone layer

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

طبقة الأوزون

طبقة الأوزون

Google Translate
[اسم]
cloning

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

استنساخ

استنساخ

Google Translate
[اسم]
freedom of speech

the right to express any opinions or ideas without censorship, restraint, or fear of retaliation from the government or other authorities

حرية التعبير

حرية التعبير

Google Translate
[اسم]
corporation

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

شركة

شركة

Google Translate
[اسم]
pollution

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

تلوث

تلوث

Google Translate
[اسم]
to overrate

to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

يُبالِغ في تقدير

يُبالِغ في تقدير

Google Translate
[فعل]
to underrate

to consider someone or something as less important, valuable, or skillful than they actually are

يقلل من قيمة

يقلل من قيمة

Google Translate
[فعل]
disastrous

very harmful or bad

مدمر

مدمر

Google Translate
[صفة]
deadly

having the potential to cause death

قاتل

قاتل

Google Translate
[صفة]
benefit

an advantage or a helpful effect that is the result of a situation

فائدة

فائدة

Google Translate
[اسم]
indispensable

absolutely necessary or crucial, to the point that being replaced or substituted is not possible

ضروري

ضروري

Google Translate
[صفة]
invaluable

extremely valuable and essential, to the point that the true worth of something is immeasurable

لا يقدر بثمن

لا يقدر بثمن

Google Translate
[صفة]
to tear out

to forcefully split or remove something from their place or position, often through pulling or ripping

تمزيق

تمزيق

Google Translate
[فعل]
in the fast lane

in a way that involves danger yet is full of excitement and adventure

[عبارة]
wake-up call

a phone call that is made at a particular time to wake someone up, at their request, for example in a hotel

مكالمة تنبيه

مكالمة تنبيه

Google Translate
[اسم]
be-all and end-all

the ultimate or most important thing

[عبارة]
around the clock

non-stop and continuing through the whole day and night

على مدار الساعة

على مدار الساعة

Google Translate
[صفة]
to burn out

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

يستنفد

يستنفد

Google Translate
[فعل]
golden opportunity

a highly favorable or advantageous chance or situation that holds great potential for success or achievement

فرصة ذهبية

فرصة ذهبية

Google Translate
[اسم]
itchy feet

a strong urge to travel or leave somewhere

أقدام حاكة

أقدام حاكة

Google Translate
[اسم]
major

serious and of great importance or significance

رئيسي

رئيسي

Google Translate
[صفة]
far-reaching

having significant effects, implications, or consequences that extend over a wide area or range

بعيد المدى

بعيد المدى

Google Translate
[صفة]
root

the primary cause of something

جذر

جذر

Google Translate
[اسم]
to bring about

to be the reason for a specific incident or result

يسبب

يسبب

Google Translate
[فعل]
to give rise to

to create a particular situation or event

[عبارة]
to result in

to cause something to occur

يؤدي إلى

يؤدي إلى

Google Translate
[فعل]
to stem from

to originate from a particular source or factor

ينبع من

ينبع من

Google Translate
[فعل]
in particular

used to specify or emphasize a particular aspect or detail within a broader context

بشكل خاص

بشكل خاص

Google Translate
[ظرف]
furthermore

used to introduce additional information

علاوة على ذلك

علاوة على ذلك

Google Translate
[ظرف]
nevertheless

used to introduce an opposing statement

ومع ذلك

ومع ذلك

Google Translate
[ظرف]
in addition to

used when we want to add an extra piece of information

بالإضافة إلى

بالإضافة إلى

Google Translate
[حرف جر]
on the other (hand)

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

من ناحية أخرى

من ناحية أخرى

Google Translate
[ظرف]
to imply

to suggest without explicitly stating

يوحي

يوحي

Google Translate
[فعل]
to emphasize

to highlight something and make it easier to notice by drawing attention toward it

يؤكد

يؤكد

Google Translate
[فعل]
to infer

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

يستنتج

يستنتج

Google Translate
[فعل]
to stress

to emphasize a particular point or aspect

التأكيد على

التأكيد على

Google Translate
[فعل]
to generate

to cause or give rise to something

يولد

يولد

Google Translate
[فعل]
to assess

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

يقيّم

يقيّم

Google Translate
[فعل]
to formulate

to thoughtfully prepare or create something, paying close attention to its details

صياغة

صياغة

Google Translate
[فعل]
notably

used to introduce the most important part of what is being said

بشكل ملحوظ

بشكل ملحوظ

Google Translate
[ظرف]
to sum up

to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

تلخيص

تلخيص

Google Translate
[فعل]
chronological

organized according to the order that the events occurred in

زمني

زمني

Google Translate
[صفة]
alphabetical

arranged according to the order of the letters in the alphabet

ألفبائي

ألفبائي

Google Translate
[صفة]
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