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Aklat Total English - Advanced - Yunit 8 - Sanggunian

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 8 - Sanggunian sa aklat na Total English Advanced, tulad ng "ugat", "bumuo", "pagtuklas", atbp.

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Total English - Advanced
biotechnology
[Pangngalan]

the use of living organisms, or their parts or products, in industrial, agricultural, medical, or other technological applications to produce or modify useful products or processes

biyoteknolohiya, teknolohiyang biyolohikal

biyoteknolohiya, teknolohiyang biyolohikal

censorship
[Pangngalan]

the act of banning or deleting information that could be valuable to the enemy

sensor, kontrol ng impormasyon

sensor, kontrol ng impormasyon

Ex: Censorship of the media during wartime is common to prevent the enemy from gaining strategic information .Ang **sensor** ng media sa panahon ng digmaan ay karaniwan upang maiwasan ang kaaway na makakuha ng estratehikong impormasyon.
poverty
[Pangngalan]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

kahirapan

kahirapan

Ex: The charity focuses on providing food and shelter to those living in poverty.Ang charity ay nakatuon sa pagbibigay ng pagkain at tirahan sa mga nabubuhay sa **kahirapan**.
democracy
[Pangngalan]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrasya

demokrasya

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .Sa isang **demokrasya**, ang hudikatura ay malaya mula sa ehekutibo at lehislatibong sangay.
globalization
[Pangngalan]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalisasyon,  pagiging global

globalisasyon, pagiging global

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry .
global warming
[Pangngalan]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

global na pag-init, pagbabago ng klima

global na pag-init, pagbabago ng klima

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife .Ang **global warming** ay nagbabanta sa mga ecosystem at wildlife.
immigration
[Pangngalan]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

imigrasyon

imigrasyon

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Matapos ang mga dekada ng **imigrasyon**, ang kapitbahayan ay naging isang masigla, multikultural na komunidad.
identity theft
[Pangngalan]

the illegal use of someone's name and personal information without their knowledge, particularly to gain money or goods

pagnanakaw ng pagkakakilanlan, panloloko sa pagkakakilanlan

pagnanakaw ng pagkakakilanlan, panloloko sa pagkakakilanlan

Ex: He discovered the identity theft when he received bills for purchases he never made .Nalaman niya ang **pagnanakaw ng pagkakakilanlan** nang makatanggap siya ng mga bayarin para sa mga biniling hindi niya nagawa.
exploration
[Pangngalan]

the act of traveling through unfamiliar areas in order to gain knowledge or discover new information

paglalakbay

paglalakbay

Ex: The exploration of deep space has fascinated scientists for decades .Ang **paglalakbay** sa malalim na kalawakan ay nakapukaw ng interes ng mga siyentipiko sa loob ng maraming dekada.
multiculturalism
[Pangngalan]

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

multikulturalismo

multikulturalismo

Ex: Multiculturalism is an ongoing process that requires active engagement and dialogue among individuals and communities to build a more inclusive and harmonious society .Ang **multikulturalismo** ay isang patuloy na proseso na nangangailangan ng aktibong pakikilahok at diyalogo sa pagitan ng mga indibidwal at komunidad upang bumuo ng isang mas inklusibo at maayos na lipunan.
unemployment
[Pangngalan]

the state of being without a job

kawalan ng trabaho, walang trabaho

kawalan ng trabaho, walang trabaho

Ex: Many people faced long-term unemployment during the global financial crisis .Maraming tao ang nakaranas ng pangmatagalang **kawalan ng trabaho** sa panahon ng pandaigdigang krisis sa pananalapi.
depletion
[Pangngalan]

the reduction or exhaustion of a resource, supply, or quantity, resulting in a decrease or loss

pagkaubos, pagbawas

pagkaubos, pagbawas

ozone layer
[Pangngalan]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

layer ng ozone, ozonospera

layer ng ozone, ozonospera

Ex: International agreements like the Montreal Protocol aim to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances .Ang mga internasyonal na kasunduan tulad ng Montreal Protocol ay naglalayong protektahan ang **ozone layer** sa pamamagitan ng pag-phase out ng mga ozone-depleting substances.
cloning
[Pangngalan]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

pagkopya

pagkopya

Ex: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal created through cloning.Si Dolly ang tupa ang unang mamalya na nilikha sa pamamagitan ng **cloning**.
freedom of speech
[Pangngalan]

the right to express any opinions or ideas without censorship, restraint, or fear of retaliation from the government or other authorities

kalayaan sa pagsasalita

kalayaan sa pagsasalita

corporation
[Pangngalan]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

korporasyon, kumpanya

korporasyon, kumpanya

Ex: The new environmental regulations will affect how the corporation conducts its business .Ang mga bagong regulasyon sa kapaligiran ay makakaapekto sa kung paano isinasagawa ng **korporasyon** ang negosyo nito.
pollution
[Pangngalan]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

polusyon, kontaminasyon

polusyon, kontaminasyon

Ex: The pollution caused by plastic waste is a growing environmental crisis .Ang **polusyon** na dulot ng basurang plastik ay isang lumalaking krisis sa kapaligiran.
to overrate
[Pandiwa]

to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

sobrang pahalagahan, labis na pagpapahalaga

sobrang pahalagahan, labis na pagpapahalaga

Ex: Technology companies often overrate the demand for new features .Madalas na **sobrang pagtatasa** ng mga kumpanya ng teknolohiya ang demand para sa mga bagong feature.
to underrate
[Pandiwa]

to consider someone or something as less important, valuable, or skillful than they actually are

maliitin, hamakin

maliitin, hamakin

Ex: The book was initially underrated but later became a classic .Ang libro ay noong una ay **minamaliit** ngunit kalaunan ay naging isang klasiko.
disastrous
[pang-uri]

very harmful or bad

nakapipinsala, mapaminsala

nakapipinsala, mapaminsala

Ex: The oil spill had disastrous effects on marine life and coastal ecosystems .Ang oil spill ay nagdulot ng **nakapipinsalang** epekto sa marine life at coastal ecosystems.
deadly
[pang-uri]

having the potential to cause death

nakamamatay, mapanganib sa buhay

nakamamatay, mapanganib sa buhay

Ex: She survived a deadly fall from a great height .Nakaligtas siya sa isang **nakamamatay** na pagbagsak mula sa mataas na lugar.
benefit
[Pangngalan]

an advantage or a helpful effect that is the result of a situation

benepisyo, kalamangan

benepisyo, kalamangan

Ex: The study highlighted the environmental benefits of using renewable energy sources .Ang pag-aaral ay nag-highlight sa mga **benepisyo** sa kapaligiran ng paggamit ng mga mapagkukunang enerhiya na nababago.
indispensable
[pang-uri]

essential and impossible to do without

kailangan, mahalaga

kailangan, mahalaga

Ex: Proper safety gear is indispensable when working with hazardous materials .Ang tamang kagamitan sa kaligtasan ay **kailangan** kapag nagtatrabaho sa mga mapanganib na materyales.
invaluable
[pang-uri]

holding such great value or importance that it cannot be measured or replaced

walang katumbas na halaga, napakahalaga

walang katumbas na halaga, napakahalaga

Ex: His invaluable expertise saved the company from a major crisis .Ang kanyang **walang katumbas na** kadalubhasaan ay nagligtas sa kumpanya mula sa isang malaking krisis.
to tear out
[Pandiwa]

to forcefully split or remove something from their place or position, often through pulling or ripping

bunutin, alisin

bunutin, alisin

Ex: She tore the old wallpaper out to create a fresh look in the room.**Binalatan** niya ang lumang wallpaper upang makalikha ng bago at sariwang itsura sa kuwarto.

in a way that involves danger yet is full of excitement and adventure

Ex: n the fast lane
wake-up call
[Pangngalan]

a phone call that is made at a particular time to wake someone up, at their request, for example in a hotel

tawag na pampagising, serbisyo ng paggising

tawag na pampagising, serbisyo ng paggising

Ex: They asked for a wake-up call to be well-prepared for their morning excursion .Humingi sila ng **tawag na pampagising** upang maging handa nang maayos para sa kanilang umagang ekskursiyon.

the ultimate or most important thing

Ex: She considered her family to be be-all and end-all of her life .

non-stop and continuing through the whole day and night

24 oras, araw at gabi

24 oras, araw at gabi

Ex: The emergency response team operated around the clock during the natural disaster .Ang emergency response team ay nagtrabaho **nang walang tigil** sa panahon ng natural na kalamidad.
to burn out
[Pandiwa]

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

maubos, mapagod

maubos, mapagod

Ex: She realized that the non-stop pace of her lifestyle was burning her out.Napagtanto niya na ang walang tigil na bilis ng kanyang pamumuhay ay **nagpapagod** sa kanya.
golden opportunity
[Pangngalan]

a highly favorable or advantageous chance or situation that holds great potential for success or achievement

gintong pagkakataon, gintong oportunidad

gintong pagkakataon, gintong oportunidad

Ex: They seized the golden opportunity to expand their business into new markets .Sinamantala nila ang **gintong oportunidad** upang palawakin ang kanilang negosyo sa mga bagong merkado.
itchy feet
[Pangngalan]

a strong urge to travel or leave somewhere

makating paa, matinding pagnanais na maglakbay

makating paa, matinding pagnanais na maglakbay

Ex: Even though she had a comfortable home , her itchy feet drove her to go on a backpacking adventure across Europe .Kahit na may komportableng bahay siya, ang kanyang **pagnanais na maglakbay** ang nagtulak sa kanya upang mag-backpacking sa buong Europa.
major
[pang-uri]

serious and of great importance

mahalaga, malubha

mahalaga, malubha

Ex: The major decision to expand operations overseas was met with cautious optimism .Ang **malaking** desisyon na palawakin ang mga operasyon sa ibang bansa ay sinalubong ng maingat na optimismo.
far-reaching
[pang-uri]

having significant effects, implications, or consequences that extend over a wide area or range

malawak ang saklaw, may malawak na epekto

malawak ang saklaw, may malawak na epekto

Ex: The far-reaching reach of the charity 's programs helps improve the lives of people in need across the globe .Ang **malawak** na saklaw ng mga programa ng charity ay tumutulong sa pagpapabuti ng buhay ng mga nangangailangan sa buong mundo.
root
[Pangngalan]

the primary cause of something

ugat, pinagmulan

ugat, pinagmulan

Ex: The company conducted a thorough analysis to determine the root of the financial problems affecting their performance .Ang kumpanya ay nagsagawa ng isang masusing pagsusuri upang matukoy ang **ugat** ng mga problemang pinansyal na nakakaapekto sa kanilang pagganap.

to be the reason for a specific incident or result

magdulot, maging sanhi

magdulot, maging sanhi

Ex: The new law brought about positive changes in the community .Ang bagong batas ay **nagdala** ng positibong pagbabago sa komunidad.
to give rise to
[Parirala]

to create a particular situation or event

Ex: The new gave rise to public protests .
to result in
[Pandiwa]

to cause something to occur

magresulta sa, maging sanhi ng

magresulta sa, maging sanhi ng

Ex: Proper maintenance will result in longer-lasting equipment .Ang tamang pag-aalaga **ay magreresulta sa** mas matagal na gamit na kagamitan.
to stem from
[Pandiwa]

to originate from a particular source or factor

nagmula sa, buhat sa

nagmula sa, buhat sa

Ex: The anxiety stems from unresolved emotional trauma and stress .Ang pagkabalisa ay **nagmumula sa** hindi nalutas na emosyonal na trauma at stress.
in particular
[pang-abay]

used to specify or emphasize a particular aspect or detail within a broader context

lalo na, partikular

lalo na, partikular

Ex: The museum has a diverse collection , but the exhibit on ancient civilizations in particular is fascinating .Ang museo ay may iba't ibang koleksyon, ngunit ang eksibit tungkol sa mga sinaunang sibilisasyon **lalo na** ay kamangha-mangha.
furthermore
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptability ; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward .Ang pamumuno ni Jack ay nagbibigay-inspirasyon sa tagumpay at kakayahang umangkop; **bukod pa rito**, ang kanyang pangitain ay nagtutulak sa proyekto pasulong.
nevertheless
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an opposing statement

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: The path was forbidden ; they walked it nevertheless.Ang landas ay ipinagbawal; nilakad nila ito **gayunpaman**.
in addition to
[Preposisyon]

used to add extra or supplementary information

bilang karagdagan sa, bukod sa

bilang karagdagan sa, bukod sa

Ex: In addition to their regular duties , the team was asked to prepare a presentation for the board meeting .**Bukod sa** kanilang regular na mga tungkulin, hiniling sa koponan na maghanda ng presentasyon para sa pulong ng lupon.

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

Ex: The plan could save money.
to imply
[Pandiwa]

to suggest without explicitly stating

ipahiwatig, magsaad nang hindi direkta

ipahiwatig, magsaad nang hindi direkta

Ex: The advertisement 's imagery implied that using their product would lead to success .**Ipinaimpluwensya** ng imahe ng patalastas na ang paggamit ng kanilang produkto ay hahantong sa tagumpay.
to emphasize
[Pandiwa]

to highlight something and make it easier to notice by drawing attention toward it

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

Ex: The chef arranged the garnish to emphasize the dish ’s vibrant colors and textures .Inayos ng chef ang garnish para **bigyang-diin** ang makukulay na kulay at texture ng ulam.
to infer
[Pandiwa]

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

maghinuha, magpalagay

maghinuha, magpalagay

Ex: She infers the answer to the question by examining the available information .Siya ay **nagpapalagay** ng sagot sa tanong sa pamamagitan ng pagsusuri sa available na impormasyon.
to stress
[Pandiwa]

to emphasize a particular point or aspect

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

Ex: The coach stressed the significance of teamwork for the success of the sports team .Binigyang-**diin** ng coach ang kahalagahan ng teamwork para sa tagumpay ng sports team.
to generate
[Pandiwa]

to cause or give rise to something

lumikha, magdulot

lumikha, magdulot

Ex: The marketing team generates leads through various online channels .Ang marketing team ay **nakakagawa** ng mga lead sa pamamagitan ng iba't ibang online channels.
to assess
[Pandiwa]

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

suriin, hatulan

suriin, hatulan

Ex: The coach assessed the players ' skills during tryouts for the team .**Sinuri** ng coach ang mga kasanayan ng mga manlalaro sa panahon ng tryouts para sa koponan.
to formulate
[Pandiwa]

to thoughtfully prepare or create something, paying close attention to its details

bumuo, maghanda

bumuo, maghanda

Ex: The policy analyst was tasked with formulating recommendations based on thorough research .
notably
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the most important part of what is being said

lalo na,  partikular

lalo na, partikular

Ex: The museum houses a collection of rare artifacts , notably an ancient manuscript dating back to the 10th century .Ang museo ay naglalaman ng koleksyon ng mga bihirang artifact, **lalo na** ang isang sinaunang manuskrito na nagmula pa noong ika-10 siglo.
to sum up
[Pandiwa]

to briefly state the most important parts or facts of something

buod, sumaryo

buod, sumaryo

Ex: He summed up the novel 's plot in a few sentences for those who had n't read it .**Binubuod** niya ang balangkas ng nobela sa ilang pangungusap para sa mga hindi pa ito nababasa.
chronological
[pang-uri]

organized according to the order that the events occurred in

kronolohikal

kronolohikal

Ex: The museum exhibit showcased artifacts in chronological order , illustrating the development of civilization .Ang eksibisyon ng museo ay nagpakita ng mga artifact sa **kronolohikal** na pagkakasunud-sunod, na naglalarawan ng pag-unlad ng sibilisasyon.
alphabetical
[pang-uri]

arranged according to the order of the letters in the alphabet

alpabetiko, ayon sa pagkakasunud-sunod ng alpabeto

alpabetiko, ayon sa pagkakasunud-sunod ng alpabeto

Ex: For the spelling bee , the words were presented in alphabetical order .Para sa spelling bee, ang mga salita ay ipinakita sa **alpabetikong** pagkakasunud-sunod.
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