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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - El Cuerpo Humano

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre el cuerpo humano, como "hormone", "forehead", "calf", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
adrenaline
[Sustantivo]

a body hormone produced in case of anger, fear, or excitement that makes the heart beat faster and the body react quicker

adrenalina

adrenalina

Ex: The adrenaline pumping through his veins gave him the courage to confront his fears and speak up .La **adrenalina** que corría por sus venas le dio el valor para enfrentar sus miedos y hablar.
hormone
[Sustantivo]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormona

hormona

Ex: Estrogen , a key hormone, influences female sexual development .El estrógeno, una **hormona** clave, influye en el desarrollo sexual femenino.
anatomy
[Sustantivo]

the human body

anatomía

anatomía

Ex: The textbook provided detailed diagrams of anatomy for students to learn from .El libro de texto proporcionó diagramas detallados de **anatomía** para que los estudiantes aprendieran.
appendix
[Sustantivo]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

apéndice

apéndice

Ex: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix and requires surgical removal .La **apendicitis** es la inflamación del **apéndice** y requiere extirpación quirúrgica.
armpit
[Sustantivo]

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

axila, sobaco

axila, sobaco

Ex: The shirt had stains under the armpits from excessive sweating .La camisa tenía manchas bajo las **axilas** por el exceso de sudor.
artery
[Sustantivo]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

arteria

arteria

Ex: Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body .Las **arterias** son vasos sanguíneos que transportan sangre rica en oxígeno desde el corazón a varias partes del cuerpo.
biceps
[Sustantivo]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

bíceps

bíceps

Ex: Swelling and pain in the biceps can result from overuse or injury .La hinchazón y el dolor en el **bíceps** pueden ser el resultado de un uso excesivo o una lesión.
breastbone
[Sustantivo]

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

esternón

esternón

calf
[Sustantivo]

the muscular part at the back of the leg between the knee and the ankle

pantorrilla

pantorrilla

Ex: The dancer 's graceful movements showcased the strength of her well-toned calves.Los movimientos gráciles de la bailarina mostraron la fuerza de sus **pantorrillas** bien tonificadas.
cell
[Sustantivo]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

célula

célula

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .Las **células** son los bloques de construcción de la vida, cada una contiene un sistema complejo de orgánulos y moléculas.
cheekbone
[Sustantivo]

the bone that is just below the eye

pómulo

pómulo

Ex: She admired her grandmother 's high cheekbones, a trait that seemed to run in the family .Ella admiraba los **pómulos** altos de su abuela, un rasgo que parecía ser hereditario.
chin
[Sustantivo]

the lowest part of our face that is below our mouth

barbilla

barbilla

Ex: She wore a chin strap to protect her jaw during sports activities.Ella usaba una correa para el **mentón** para proteger su mandíbula durante las actividades deportivas.
circulation
[Sustantivo]

the flow and movement of blood around and in all parts of the body

circulación

circulación

Ex: The doctor checked his circulation to ensure there were no issues with blood flow .El médico revisó su **circulación** para asegurarse de que no hubiera problemas con el flujo sanguíneo.
collarbone
[Sustantivo]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

clavícula

clavícula

Ex: The athlete 's strong collarbone structure helped support the weight of heavy lifting .La estructura fuerte de la **clavícula** del atleta ayudó a soportar el peso del levantamiento pesado.
fist
[Sustantivo]

the hand with the fingers tightly bent toward the palm

puño

puño

Ex: The protestor raised a defiant fist in solidarity with the cause , chanting slogans with the crowd .El manifestante levantó un **puño** desafiante en solidaridad con la causa, gritando consignas con la multitud.
palm
[Sustantivo]

the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and fingers

palma

palma

Ex: The fortune teller examined the lines on her palm.El adivino examinó las líneas en su **palma**.
forehead
[Sustantivo]

the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hair

frente

frente

Ex: She felt a kiss on her forehead, a gesture of affection from her partner before he left for work .Sintió un beso en su **frente**, un gesto de cariño de su pareja antes de que se fuera a trabajar.
genitals
[Sustantivo]

the external sex organs of the body

aparato genital, aparato reproductor

aparato genital, aparato reproductor

Ex: He felt a sudden sharp pain in his genitals after accidentally hitting himself with a soccer ball .Sintió un dolor agudo y repentino en sus **genitales** después de golpearse accidentalmente con un balón de fútbol.
heel
[Sustantivo]

the back part of the foot, below the ankle

talón

talón

Ex: The dancer balanced gracefully on her tiptoes, never touching her heels to the ground.La bailarina se balanceaba con gracia sobre las puntas de los pies, sin tocar nunca el suelo con sus **talones**.
gut
[Sustantivo]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

intestino

intestino

Ex: The nutritionist emphasized the importance of fiber in maintaining a healthy gut and regular bowel movements .El nutricionista enfatizó la importancia de la fibra para mantener un **intestino** saludable y movimientos intestinales regulares.
hip
[Sustantivo]

each of the parts above the legs and below the waist at either side of the body

cadera

cadera

Ex: The workout included exercises to strengthen the hips.El entrenamiento incluía ejercicios para fortalecer las **caderas**.
intestine
[Sustantivo]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

intestino

intestino

Ex: The intestines play a vital role in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients .**El intestino** desempeña un papel vital en la descomposición de los alimentos y la absorción de nutrientes.
stomach
[Sustantivo]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

estómago

estómago

Ex: She felt a wave of nausea in her stomach during the car ride .Ella sintió una oleada de náuseas en su **estómago** durante el viaje en coche.
joint
[Sustantivo]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

articulación

articulación

Ex: He underwent surgery to repair a damaged joint in his thumb , restoring functionality and relieving pain .Se sometió a una cirugía para reparar una **articulación** dañada en su pulgar, restaurando la funcionalidad y aliviando el dolor.
jaw
[Sustantivo]

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

mandíbula

mandíbula

Ex: Chewing gum for too long can sometimes cause soreness in the jaw.Masticar chicle durante demasiado tiempo a veces puede causar dolor en la **mandíbula**.
lap
[Sustantivo]

the upper part of the legs that form a flat surface when one is seated

regazo

regazo

Ex: The elderly woman sat in her rocking chair , gently rocking back and forth with her knitting in her lap.La anciana estaba sentada en su mecedora, balanceándose suavemente hacia adelante y hacia atrás con su tejido en su **regazo**.
limb
[Sustantivo]

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

miembro

miembro

Ex: The talented artist drew a detailed sketch of an eagle 's limb, showcasing its intricate feathers and structure .El artista talentoso dibujó un boceto detallado de un **miembro** de águila, mostrando sus intrincadas plumas y estructura.
nervous system
[Sustantivo]

the network of neurons and fibers that interpret stimuli and transmit impulses from the body to the brain

sistema nervioso

sistema nervioso

vein
[Sustantivo]

any tube or vessel that carries blood to one's heart

vena

vena

Ex: Sometimes veins can swell and become painful , especially in the legs .A veces, las **venas** pueden hincharse y volverse dolorosas, especialmente en las piernas.
tissue
[Sustantivo]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tejido

tejido

Ex: Adipose tissue , commonly known as fat tissue, stores energy and cushions organs in the body .El **tejido** adiposo, comúnmente conocido como tejido graso, almacena energía y amortigua los órganos del cuerpo.
thigh
[Sustantivo]

the top part of the leg between the hip and the knee

muslo

muslo

Ex: The soccer player used his thigh to control the ball during the match .El futbolista usó su **muslo** para controlar el balón durante el partido.
spine
[Sustantivo]

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

columna vertebral

columna vertebral

Ex: In yoga , many poses are designed to improve flexibility and strength in the spine.En el yoga, muchas posturas están diseñadas para mejorar la flexibilidad y la fuerza en la **columna vertebral**.
pulse
[Sustantivo]

the rhythmic beating of the blood vessels created when the heart pumps, especially felt on the wrist or at the sides of the neck

pulso

pulso

ribcage
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

caja torácica, caja costal

caja torácica, caja costal

skull
[Sustantivo]

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

cráneo

cráneo

Ex: The skull protects the brain , one of the most vital organs in the body .El **cráneo** protege el cerebro, uno de los órganos más vitales del cuerpo.
Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL
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