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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Lidské Tělo

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o lidském těle, jako je "hormon", "čelo", "lýtko" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
adrenaline
adrenaline
[Podstatné jméno]

a body hormone produced in case of anger, fear, or excitement that makes the heart beat faster and the body react quicker

adrenalin

adrenalin

Ex: When faced with danger, the body releases adrenaline, triggering the fight-or-flight response. 
hormone
hormone
[Podstatné jméno]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormon, hormonální látka

hormon, hormonální látka

Ex: Insulin, a hormone from the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 
anatomy
anatomy
[Podstatné jméno]

the human body

anatomie

anatomie

Ex: Artists often study anatomy to accurately depict the human form in their work. 
appendix
appendix
[Podstatné jméno]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

apendix, červovitý přívěsek

apendix, červovitý přívěsek

Ex: An inflamed appendix can cause severe abdominal pain and fever. 
armpit
armpit
[Podstatné jméno]

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

podpaží, podpažní jamka

podpaží, podpažní jamka

Ex: The athlete wiped the sweat from his armpits with a towel after a grueling workout. 
artery
artery
[Podstatné jméno]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

tepna, krevní céva

tepna, krevní céva

Ex: Atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, can restrict blood flow and lead to serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes. 
biceps
biceps
[Podstatné jméno]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps

biceps

Ex: He flexed his biceps to show off his strength. 
breastbone
breastbone
[Podstatné jméno]

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

hrudní kost, sternum

hrudní kost, sternum

calf
calf
[Podstatné jméno]

the muscular part at the back of the leg between the knee and the ankle

lýtko, lýtkový sval

lýtko, lýtkový sval

Ex: He strained his calf while running, so he had to take a break from exercising. 
cell
cell
[Podstatné jméno]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

buňka

buňka

Ex: The study of cells, known as cell biology or cytology, delves into their structure, function, and interactions. 
cheekbone
cheekbone
[Podstatné jméno]

the bone that is just below the eye

lícní kost, kost pod okem

lícní kost, kost pod okem

Ex: The makeup artist applied highlighter to accentuate the model's cheekbones, creating a sculpted look. 
chin
chin
[Podstatné jméno]

the lowest part of our face that is below our mouth

brada, spodní část obličeje

brada, spodní část obličeje

Ex: He gently rested his chin on her shoulder. 
circulation
circulation
[Podstatné jméno]

the flow and movement of blood around and in all parts of the body

krevní oběh

krevní oběh

Ex: Regular exercise improves blood circulation throughout the body. 
collarbone
collarbone
[Podstatné jméno]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

klíční kost, krční kost

klíční kost, krční kost

Ex: He fractured his collarbone during the football game and needed to wear a sling for several weeks. 
fist
fist
[Podstatné jméno]

the hand with the fingers tightly bent toward the palm

pěst

pěst

Ex: He clenched his fist tightly in frustration, feeling the anger boiling inside him. 
palm
palm
[Podstatné jméno]

the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and fingers

dlaň, vnitřní strana ruky

dlaň, vnitřní strana ruky

Ex: He gently slapped his forehead with the palm of his hand in frustration. 
forehead
forehead
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hair

čelo

čelo

Ex: She wiped the sweat from her forehead after running the marathon under the hot sun. 
genitals
genitals
[Podstatné jméno]

the external sex organs of the body

genitálie, pohlavní orgány

genitálie, pohlavní orgány

Ex: The doctor conducted a thorough examination of the patient's genitals during the routine check-up. 
heel
heel
[Podstatné jméno]

the back part of the foot, below the ankle

pata

pata

Ex: He wore comfortable shoes to support his heels during the long walk. 
gut
gut
[Podstatné jméno]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

střevo, břicho

střevo, břicho

Ex: The surgeon made an incision through the abdomen to access the gut during the intestinal surgery. 
hip
hip
[Podstatné jméno]

each of the parts above the legs and below the waist at either side of the body

boky, kyčel

boky, kyčel

Ex: She rested her hands on her hips while contemplating the situation. 
intestine
intestine
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

střevo

střevo

Ex: The doctor explained that the intestine is crucial for nutrient absorption and digestion. 
stomach
stomach
[Podstatné jméno]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

žaludek, břicho

žaludek, břicho

Ex: He felt a sense of relief when the doctor assured him that his stomach issue was temporary. 
joint
joint
[Podstatné jméno]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

kloub, spojení

kloub, spojení

Ex: The knee is a complex joint that allows for bending and straightening of the leg. 
jaw
jaw
[Podstatné jméno]

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

čelist, dolní čelist

čelist, dolní čelist

Ex: He clenched his jaw in frustration when he heard the news. 
lap
lap
[Podstatné jméno]

the upper part of the legs that form a flat surface when one is seated

klín

klín

Ex: She rested her book on her lap, enjoying the warmth of the sun as she read in the garden. 
limb
limb
[Podstatné jméno]

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

končetina, paže nebo noha

končetina, paže nebo noha

Ex: The athlete injured his limb during the race and had to withdraw from the competition. 
nervous system
nervous system
[Podstatné jméno]

the network of neurons and fibers that interpret stimuli and transmit impulses from the body to the brain

nervová soustava, neuronová síť

nervová soustava, neuronová síť

vein
vein
[Podstatné jméno]

any tube or vessel that carries blood to one's heart

žíla, krevní céva

žíla, krevní céva

Ex: Veins help move blood from the legs and arms back to the heart. 
tissue
tissue
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tkáň, buněčná tkáň

tkáň, buněčná tkáň

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 
thigh
thigh
[Podstatné jméno]

the top part of the leg between the hip and the knee

stehno, horní část nohy

stehno, horní část nohy

Ex: She crossed her legs, resting her hand on her left thigh. 
spine
spine
[Podstatné jméno]

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

páteř

páteř

Ex: The surgeon carefully examined the patient's spine to assess the extent of the injury. 
pulse
pulse
[Podstatné jméno]

the rhythmic beating of the blood vessels created when the heart pumps, especially felt on the wrist or at the sides of the neck

puls, tep

puls, tep

ribcage
ribcage
[Podstatné jméno]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

hrudní koš, thorax

hrudní koš, thorax

skull
skull
[Podstatné jméno]

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

lebka, mozkovna

lebka, mozkovna

Ex: In anatomy class, they learned about the different bones that form the human skull. 
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