pattern

Podstawowe Słownictwo do TOEFL - Ciało Ludzkie

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących ludzkiego ciała, takich jak "hormon", "czoło", "łydka" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
adrenaline
adrenaline
[Rzeczownik]

a body hormone produced in case of anger, fear, or excitement that makes the heart beat faster and the body react quicker

adrenalina

adrenalina

Ex: When faced with danger, the body releases adrenaline, triggering the fight-or-flight response. 
hormone
hormone
[Rzeczownik]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormon, substancja hormonalna

hormon, substancja hormonalna

Ex: Insulin, a hormone from the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 
anatomy
anatomy
[Rzeczownik]

the human body

anatomia

anatomia

Ex: Artists often study anatomy to accurately depict the human form in their work. 
appendix
appendix
[Rzeczownik]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

wyrostek robaczkowy, apendyks

wyrostek robaczkowy, apendyks

Ex: An inflamed appendix can cause severe abdominal pain and fever. 
armpit
armpit
[Rzeczownik]

the part under the shoulder that is hollow

pacha, dół pachowy

pacha, dół pachowy

Ex: The athlete wiped the sweat from his armpits with a towel after a grueling workout. 
artery
artery
[Rzeczownik]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

tętnica, naczynie krwionośne

tętnica, naczynie krwionośne

Ex: Atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, can restrict blood flow and lead to serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes. 
biceps
biceps
[Rzeczownik]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps

biceps

Ex: He flexed his biceps to show off his strength. 
breastbone
breastbone
[Rzeczownik]

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

mostek, kość piersiowa

mostek, kość piersiowa

calf
calf
[Rzeczownik]

the muscular part at the back of the leg between the knee and the ankle

łydka, mięsień łydki

łydka, mięsień łydki

Ex: He strained his calf while running, so he had to take a break from exercising. 
cell
cell
[Rzeczownik]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

komórka

komórka

Ex: The study of cells, known as cell biology or cytology, delves into their structure, function, and interactions. 
cheekbone
cheekbone
[Rzeczownik]

the bone that is just below the eye

kość policzkowa, kość pod okiem

kość policzkowa, kość pod okiem

Ex: The makeup artist applied highlighter to accentuate the model's cheekbones, creating a sculpted look. 
chin
chin
[Rzeczownik]

the lowest part of our face that is below our mouth

broda, dolna część twarzy

broda, dolna część twarzy

Ex: He gently rested his chin on her shoulder. 
circulation
circulation
[Rzeczownik]

the flow and movement of blood around and in all parts of the body

krążenie

krążenie

Ex: Regular exercise improves blood circulation throughout the body. 
collarbone
collarbone
[Rzeczownik]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

obojczyk, kość szyjna

obojczyk, kość szyjna

Ex: He fractured his collarbone during the football game and needed to wear a sling for several weeks. 
fist
fist
[Rzeczownik]

the hand with the fingers tightly bent toward the palm

pięść

pięść

Ex: He clenched his fist tightly in frustration, feeling the anger boiling inside him. 
palm
palm
[Rzeczownik]

the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and fingers

dłoń, wewnętrzna strona dłoni

dłoń, wewnętrzna strona dłoni

Ex: He gently slapped his forehead with the palm of his hand in frustration. 
forehead
forehead
[Rzeczownik]

the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hair

czoło

czoło

Ex: She wiped the sweat from her forehead after running the marathon under the hot sun. 
genitals
genitals
[Rzeczownik]

the external sex organs of the body

genitalia, narządy płciowe

genitalia, narządy płciowe

Ex: The doctor conducted a thorough examination of the patient's genitals during the routine check-up. 
heel
heel
[Rzeczownik]

the back part of the foot, below the ankle

pięta

pięta

Ex: He wore comfortable shoes to support his heels during the long walk. 
gut
gut
[Rzeczownik]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

jelito, kiszka

jelito, kiszka

Ex: The surgeon made an incision through the abdomen to access the gut during the intestinal surgery. 
hip
hip
[Rzeczownik]

each of the parts above the legs and below the waist at either side of the body

biodro, talia

biodro, talia

Ex: She rested her hands on her hips while contemplating the situation. 
intestine
intestine
[Rzeczownik]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

jelito

jelito

Ex: The doctor explained that the intestine is crucial for nutrient absorption and digestion. 
stomach
stomach
[Rzeczownik]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

żołądek, brzuch

żołądek, brzuch

Ex: He felt a sense of relief when the doctor assured him that his stomach issue was temporary. 
joint
joint
[Rzeczownik]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

staw, połączenie

staw, połączenie

Ex: The knee is a complex joint that allows for bending and straightening of the leg. 
jaw
jaw
[Rzeczownik]

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

szczęka, żuchwa

szczęka, żuchwa

Ex: He clenched his jaw in frustration when he heard the news. 
lap
lap
[Rzeczownik]

the upper part of the legs that form a flat surface when one is seated

kolana

kolana

Ex: She rested her book on her lap, enjoying the warmth of the sun as she read in the garden. 
limb
limb
[Rzeczownik]

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

kończyna, ramię lub noga

kończyna, ramię lub noga

Ex: The athlete injured his limb during the race and had to withdraw from the competition. 
nervous system
nervous system
[Rzeczownik]

the network of neurons and fibers that interpret stimuli and transmit impulses from the body to the brain

układ nerwowy, sieć neuronowa

układ nerwowy, sieć neuronowa

vein
vein
[Rzeczownik]

any tube or vessel that carries blood to one's heart

żyła, naczynie krwionośne

żyła, naczynie krwionośne

Ex: Veins help move blood from the legs and arms back to the heart. 
tissue
tissue
[Rzeczownik]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tkanka, tkanka komórkowa

tkanka, tkanka komórkowa

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 
thigh
thigh
[Rzeczownik]

the top part of the leg between the hip and the knee

udo, górna część nogi

udo, górna część nogi

Ex: She crossed her legs, resting her hand on her left thigh. 
spine
spine
[Rzeczownik]

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

kręgosłup

kręgosłup

Ex: The surgeon carefully examined the patient's spine to assess the extent of the injury. 
pulse
pulse
[Rzeczownik]

the rhythmic beating of the blood vessels created when the heart pumps, especially felt on the wrist or at the sides of the neck

puls, bicie

puls, bicie

ribcage
ribcage
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

klatka piersiowa, thorax

klatka piersiowa, thorax

skull
skull
[Rzeczownik]

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

czaszka, mózgoczaszka

czaszka, mózgoczaszka

Ex: In anatomy class, they learned about the different bones that form the human skull. 
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