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Pagbabasa para sa Pagsusulit ng ACT - Mga Mapagkukunan at Pagkain

Matutunan ang bokabularyo ng ACT na may kaugnayan sa mga mapagkukunan, suplay, materyales, pagkain, nutrisyon, pagkakaroon, at paggamit o pamamahagi ng mga mahahalagang kalakal.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Vocabulary for ACT
quota
quota
[Pangngalan]

a share or amount allocated or due to a particular person or group

kuwota,  bahagi

kuwota, bahagi

Ex: Each region received its quota of emergency supplies. 
consumption
consumption
[Pangngalan]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

pagkonsumo, paggamit

pagkonsumo, paggamit

Ex: Daily consumption of packaged goods has risen steadily. 
replenishment
replenishment
[Pangngalan]

the process of refilling or restoring something to its original level or condition

pagpupuno, pagdaragdag

pagpupuno, pagdaragdag

Ex: The replenishment of the pantry was necessary after the long winter months. 

Ang pagdadagdag sa pantry ay kinakailangan pagkatapos ng mahabang buwan ng taglamig.

availability
availability
[Pangngalan]

the state of being available for use, purchase, access, or other purposes

pagkakaroon,  availability

pagkakaroon, availability

Ex: The availability of affordable housing remains a major concern. 
alms
alms
[Pangngalan]

money, food, or other donations given to the poor or needy as an act of charity

limos, kawanggawa

limos, kawanggawa

Ex: The kind-hearted woman regularly gave alms to the homeless in her neighborhood. 

Ang mabait na babae ay regular na nagbibigay ng limos sa mga walang tirahan sa kanyang kapitbahayan.

resource
resource
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

mapagkukunan, paraan

mapagkukunan, paraan

Ex: She utilized her network of contacts as a valuable resource for career advancement. 
provisions
provisions
[Pangngalan]

supplies of food, drink, or other necessities prepared or provided for a journey, event, or emergency

probisyon

probisyon

Ex: They packed enough provisions to last them for the entire camping trip. 

Nag-impake sila ng sapat na provisions upang tumagal sa buong camping trip.

allowance
allowance
[Pangngalan]

an amount of something that is permitted

allowance, baon

allowance, baon

Ex: The company offers an annual travel allowance to employees for business trips. 
deprivation
deprivation
[Pangngalan]

the action of denying someone access to essential needs like food, money, or legal rights

pagkakait

pagkakait

Ex: Her stories highlighted the deprivation experienced by the poor in the city. 

Ang kanyang mga kuwento ay nag-highlight sa deprivation na naranasan ng mga mahihirap sa lungsod.

famine
famine
[Pangngalan]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

taggutom, kakulangan ng pagkain

taggutom, kakulangan ng pagkain

Ex: Many children were orphaned as a result of the famine. 

Maraming bata ang naging ulila dahil sa taggutom.

starvation
starvation
[Pangngalan]

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

gutom, kamatayan dahil sa gutom

gutom, kamatayan dahil sa gutom

parcel
parcel
[Pangngalan]

a quantity or portion of something considered or dealt with as a unit

bahagi,  lagay

bahagi, lagay

Ex: The company sold a parcel of shares to a private investor. 
to forage
to forage
[Pandiwa]

to search for and collect food, typically in natural surroundings such as forests or fields

maghanap ng pagkain, mangalap ng pagkain

maghanap ng pagkain, mangalap ng pagkain

Ex: The bears foraged for berries in the forest, using their keen sense of smell to locate ripe fruit. 

Ang mga oso ay naghanap ng mga berry sa kagubatan, gamit ang kanilang matalas na pang-amoy upang mahanap ang hinog na prutas.

to scavenge
to scavenge
[Pandiwa]

to search for and consume decaying or dead organic matter as a source of food, often done by animals

mangalkal ng patay na hayop, maghanap ng pagkain sa nabubulok na organikong materyal

mangalkal ng patay na hayop, maghanap ng pagkain sa nabubulok na organikong materyal

to deplete
to deplete
[Pandiwa]

to use up or diminish the quantity or supply of a resource, material, or substance

maubos, bawasan

maubos, bawasan

Ex: Continuous deforestation can deplete the natural habitat for many species. 

Ang tuluy-tuloy na pagpuputol ng mga puno ay maaaring maubos ang natural na tirahan ng maraming species.

to squander
to squander
[Pandiwa]

to waste or misuse something valuable, such as money, time, or opportunities

aksayahin, sayangin

aksayahin, sayangin

Ex: Instead of investing wisely, he chose to squander his inheritance on extravagant vacations. 

Sa halip na mamuhunan nang matalino, pinili niyang aksayahin ang kanyang mana sa mga marangyang bakasyon.

to expend
to expend
[Pandiwa]

to consume or spend resources, energy, or time for a specific purpose

gumastos, kumonsumo

gumastos, kumonsumo

Ex: The company had to expend a significant amount of money to launch the new product. 

Ang kumpanya ay kinailangang gumastos ng malaking halaga ng pera upang ilunsad ang bagong produkto.

to allot
to allot
[Pandiwa]

to give or distribute a particular thing such as time, money, etc.

maglaan, magbahagi

maglaan, magbahagi

Ex: The teacher will allot specific time slots for each student to present their projects. 

Itatalaga ng guro ang partikular na mga time slot para sa bawat mag-aaral upang ipakita ang kanilang mga proyekto.

to allocate
to allocate
[Pandiwa]

to give or assign money, resources, time, space, or duties to a particular person or purpose

Ex: The company allocated additional funds to staff training. 
inexhaustible
inexhaustible
[pang-uri]

(of a supply of something) limitless and incapable of running out

hindi nauubos,  walang katapusan

hindi nauubos, walang katapusan

thrifty
thrifty
[pang-uri]

(of a person) careful with money and resources, avoiding unnecessary spending

matipid, murunong sa paghawak ng pera

matipid, murunong sa paghawak ng pera

Ex: The thrifty couple managed to buy their home by cutting back on luxuries. 

Ang mag-asawang matipid ay nagawang bilhin ang kanilang bahay sa pamamagitan ng pagbawas sa mga luho.

cost-effective
cost-effective
[pang-uri]

producing good results without costing too much

matipid, mabisa sa gastos

matipid, mabisa sa gastos

Ex: Investing in energy-efficient appliances proved to be cost-effective in the long run, saving money on electricity bills. 

Ang pamumuhunan sa mga energy-efficient na appliance ay napatunayang cost-effective sa katagalan, na nakakatipid ng pera sa mga bayarin sa kuryente.

convenient
convenient
[pang-uri]

favorable or well-suited for a specific purpose or situation

maginhawa, angkop

maginhawa, angkop

Ex: The meeting time was convenient for everyone involved. 

Ang oras ng pulong ay maginhawa para sa lahat ng kasangkot.

reusable
reusable
[pang-uri]

able to be used again multiple times

maaaring muling gamitin, pwedeng gamitin nang paulit-ulit

maaaring muling gamitin, pwedeng gamitin nang paulit-ulit

Ex: Reusable shopping bags are an eco-friendly alternative to disposable plastic bags. 

Ang mga muling magagamit na shopping bag ay isang eco-friendly na alternatibo sa mga disposable plastic bag.

nonrenewable
nonrenewable
[pang-uri]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

hindi na napapalitan, hindi mapapalitan

hindi na napapalitan, hindi mapapalitan

Ex: Oil is a nonrenewable resource that will eventually run out if we continue to use it at the current rate. 

Ang langis ay isang hindi nababago na mapagkukunan na sa huli ay maubos kung patuloy nating gagamitin ito sa kasalukuyang rate.

supplemental
supplemental
[pang-uri]

additional food intended to enhance or complete a diet, often used to address nutritional deficiencies

pandagdag

pandagdag

Ex: The doctor recommended a supplemental vitamin D food to help with his bone health. 

Inirerekomenda ng doktor ang isang supplemental na pagkain na may bitamina D upang makatulong sa kalusugan ng kanyang buto.

pastry
pastry
[Pangngalan]

a baked good made from dough or batter, often sweetened or filled with ingredients like fruit, nuts, or chocolate

pastel, panaderya

pastel, panaderya

Ex: She enjoyed a flaky pastry filled with apple cinnamon for breakfast. 

Nasiyahan siya sa isang malutong na pastry na puno ng apple cinnamon para sa almusal.

dumpling
dumpling
[Pangngalan]

a dish consisting of small balls of dough that can be baked, fried, or boiled, served with meat

pandesal, siomai

pandesal, siomai

broth
broth
[Pangngalan]

a flavorful liquid made by simmering meat, fish, or vegetables in water

sabaw, konsome

sabaw, konsome

Ex: He sipped the steaming chicken broth, feeling its comforting warmth soothe his sore throat. 

Sinipsip niya ang umuusok na sabaw ng manok, nararamdaman ang ginhawang init nito na nagpapaginhawa sa kanyang masakit na lalamunan.

gruel
gruel
[Pangngalan]

a thin, watery porridge made by boiling ground grain or meal in water or milk

lugaw, porridge

lugaw, porridge

Ex: The prisoners were given a bowl of gruel for their daily meal. 

Ang mga bilanggo ay binigyan ng isang mangkok ng lugaw para sa kanilang pang-araw-araw na pagkain.

kernel
kernel
[Pangngalan]

the inner part of a seed, nut, or fruit pit that is often edible

buto, binhi

buto, binhi

Ex: He bit into the peach and carefully removed the kernel from the pit. 

Kumagat siya sa milokoton at maingat na inalis ang buto mula sa hukay.

fudge
fudge
[Pangngalan]

a creamy brown sweet made with milk, sugar, and butter

fudge, matamis na malagkit

fudge, matamis na malagkit

liquor
liquor
[Pangngalan]

any kind of alcoholic drink made through the process of heating and cooling, such as whiskey, vodka, rum, gin, and tequila

alak, inuming de-alkohol

alak, inuming de-alkohol

Ex: The liquor store had a wide selection of spirits, including vodka, rum, and tequila. 

Ang tindahan ng alak ay may malawak na seleksyon ng mga espiritu, kabilang ang vodka, rum, at tequila.

minestrone
minestrone
[Pangngalan]

a type of soup that contains pasta and vegetables, originated in Italy

minestrone, sopas minestrone

minestrone, sopas minestrone

veal
veal
[Pangngalan]

meat of a young cow

karne ng guya

karne ng guya

Ex: He cooked veal chops to perfection on the barbecue, seasoning them with herbs and spices for a mouthwatering grilled dish. 

Perpektong niluto niya ang mga chop ng baka sa barbecue, tinimplahan ng mga halaman at pampalasa para sa isang nakakagutom na inihaw na ulam.

leavening
leavening
[Pangngalan]

a substance typically used in dough to make it rise by producing gas bubbles, resulting in a lighter and softer texture

pampaalsa, lebadura

pampaalsa, lebadura

Ex: The baker added yeast as a leavening to the dough to make it rise. 

Ang baker ay nagdagdag ng pampaalsa bilang pampaalsa sa masa upang ito ay tumaas.

brisket
brisket
[Pangngalan]

meat cut from the chest of an animal, especially a cow

liyam ng dibdib, brisket

liyam ng dibdib, brisket

Ex: The restaurant featured a signature dish of slow-roasted brisket. 

Ang restawran ay nagtatampok ng isang signature dish na mabagal na inihaw na brisket.

puree
puree
[Pangngalan]

a type of food in the form of a smooth cream made by crushing fruit and mixing with cooked vegetables

pury, kompota

pury, kompota

batter
batter
[Pangngalan]

a mixture consisting of flour, milk, and eggs, used for making pancakes, or for covering food before frying

batter, pasta

batter, pasta

Ex: The fluffy pancakes were made from a simple batter of flour, eggs, milk, and a pinch of salt. 

Ang malambot na pancakes ay gawa sa simpleng batter ng harina, itlog, gatas, at isang kurot ng asin.

ingredient
ingredient
[Pangngalan]

a food or substance used with others to prepare a particular dish

Ex: Flour is the main ingredient in this bread. 
entree
entree
[Pangngalan]

the main segment of a meal

pangunahing ulam, entree

pangunahing ulam, entree

Ex: For my entree, I chose the grilled salmon with a side of asparagus and roasted potatoes. 

Para sa aking pangunahing ulam, pinili ko ang inihaw na salmon na may side ng asparagus at inihaw na patatas.

staple
staple
[Pangngalan]

an essential item that is regularly used or needed

pangunahing produkto, pangunahing pagkain

pangunahing produkto, pangunahing pagkain

Ex: Bread and butter were once considered staples of a simple meal. 

Ang tinapay at mantikilya ay minsang itinuturing na pangunahing sangkap ng isang simpleng pagkain.

catering
catering
[Pangngalan]

the business of providing food, beverages, and other related services for events or occasions

catering, serbisyo ng pagkain

catering, serbisyo ng pagkain

cuisine
cuisine
[Pangngalan]

a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

lutuan

lutuan

Ex: They sampled a variety of Asian cuisine, including sushi, dim sum, and curry. 

Nakasubok sila ng iba't ibang lutuing Asyano, kasama ang sushi, dim sum, at curry.

to crave
to crave
[Pandiwa]

to strongly desire or seek something

nasasabik, nagnanasang mabuti

nasasabik, nagnanasang mabuti

Ex: As the concert date approached, fans craved the chance to see their favorite band live. 

Habang papalapit ang petsa ng konsiyerto, nagnasa ang mga tagahanga na makita nang live ang kanilang paboritong banda.

to gorge
to gorge
[Pandiwa]

to eat greedily and in large quantities

magpakain nang labis, lumamon

magpakain nang labis, lumamon

Ex: After fasting all day, she decided to gorge on a hearty meal at the buffet, savoring each dish. 

Pagkatapos mag-ayuno buong araw, nagpasya siyang magpakabusog sa isang masustansiyang pagkain sa buffet, tinatamasa bawat putahe.

to devour
to devour
[Pandiwa]

to eat something eagerly and in large quantities, often implying intense hunger or enjoyment

lamunin, ubusin nang buong kasabikan

lamunin, ubusin nang buong kasabikan

Ex: The aroma of freshly baked cookies made it irresistible, and the kids eagerly devoured the entire batch. 

Ang aroma ng sariwang lutong cookies ay ginawa itong hindi mapigilan, at ang mga bata ay sabik na naglamon ng buong batch.

to gobble
to gobble
[Pandiwa]

to eat something quickly and greedily, often making loud and rapid swallowing sounds

lamunin nang mabilis, sakmalin

lamunin nang mabilis, sakmalin

Ex: The children tend to gobble their candy as soon as they get it on Halloween. 

Ang mga bata ay madalas na lalamunin ang kanilang kendi sa sandaling makuha nila ito sa Halloween.

to masticate
to masticate
[Pandiwa]

to chew food by biting and grinding it with the teeth

nguyain, ngumatngat

nguyain, ngumatngat

Ex: It's important to thoroughly masticate your food for better digestion. 

Mahalagang nguyain nang mabuti ang iyong pagkain para sa mas mahusay na pagtunaw.

to chomp
to chomp
[Pandiwa]

to chew or bite down on something with a strong, audible, and repeated motion

ngumunguya nang malakas, kumagat nang malakas

ngumunguya nang malakas, kumagat nang malakas

Ex: The hungry toddler couldn't wait to chomp the crunchy apple, revealing a toothy grin with each bite. 

Ang gutom na bata ay hindi makapaghintay na nguya ang malutong na mansanas, na nagpapakita ng ngiting may ngipin sa bawat kagat.

culinary
culinary
[pang-uri]

having to do with the preparation, cooking, or presentation of food

kulinaryo

kulinaryo

Ex: She enrolled in a culinary school to learn professional cooking techniques. 

Nag-enroll siya sa isang culinary school upang matuto ng mga propesyonal na pamamaraan sa pagluluto.

ravenous
ravenous
[pang-uri]

experiencing extreme hunger

gutom, matakaw

gutom, matakaw

Ex: The smell of freshly baked cookies made the children ravenous, and they quickly gathered around the kitchen. 

Ang amoy ng sariwang lutong cookies ay nagpagutom sa mga bata, at mabilis silang nagtipon sa paligid ng kusina.

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