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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Kalawakan

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa kalawakan, tulad ng "galaxy", "solar", "cosmic", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
universe
universe
[Pangngalan]

all existing matter, energy, space, stars, planets, galaxies, and everything else that physically exists

sansinukob,  uniberso

sansinukob, uniberso

Ex: Scientists are still learning how the universe began. 
cosmos
cosmos
[Pangngalan]

the universe regarded as an ordered and unified whole

kosmos,  uniberso

kosmos, uniberso

Ex: Astronomers study the structure and evolution of the cosmos. 
galaxy
galaxy
[Pangngalan]

a large number of star systems bound together by gravitational force

galaksiya

galaksiya

Ex: Galaxies can vary in shape and size, with types including spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies, each having distinct structures and characteristics. 

Ang mga galaxy ay maaaring mag-iba sa hugis at laki, na may mga uri kabilang ang spiral, elliptical, at irregular na mga galaxy, bawat isa ay may natatanging mga istruktura at katangian.

astronomy
astronomy
[Pangngalan]

a branch of science that studies space, planets, etc.

astronomiya, agham ng mga bituin

astronomiya, agham ng mga bituin

Ex: Advances in astronomy have led to the discovery of exoplanets orbiting other stars in our galaxy. 

Ang mga pagsulong sa astronomiya ay nagdulot ng pagkakatuklas ng mga exoplanet na umiikot sa ibang mga bituin sa ating kalawakan.

the Milky Way
the Milky Way
[Pangngalan]

a pale band of light seen in the sky at night that contains the solar system and billions of other stars

Ang Daang Magatas, Ang Galaksiya

Ang Daang Magatas, Ang Galaksiya

Ex: The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy that contains our solar system. 

Ang Milky Way ay isang barred spiral galaxy na naglalaman ng ating solar system.

solar system
solar system
[Pangngalan]

the sun and the group of planets orbiting around it, including the earth

sistemang solar, ang sistemang solar

sistemang solar, ang sistemang solar

Ex: Earth is one of eight planets in the solar system. 

Ang Earth ay isa sa walong planeta sa solar system.

aerospace
aerospace
[Pangngalan]

the earth's atmosphere and the space beyond it

aerospasyal, kalawakan at himpapawid

aerospasyal, kalawakan at himpapawid

Ex: She studied aerospace engineering to pursue a career in space exploration. 

Nag-aral siya ng aerospace engineering upang ituloy ang isang karera sa space exploration.

gravity
gravity
[Pangngalan]

the force by which objects with mass attract one another, especially the force that draws objects toward the Earth

grabedad

grabedad

Ex: Gravity pulls objects toward the Earth. 
astronomer
astronomer
[Pangngalan]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astronomo

astronomo

Ex: The astronomer discovered a new exoplanet using advanced telescope technology. 

Ang astronomer ay nakadiskubre ng bagong exoplanet gamit ang advanced na teknolohiya ng teleskopyo.

constellation
constellation
[Pangngalan]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

konstelasyon, grupo ng mga bituin

konstelasyon, grupo ng mga bituin

Ex: Orion is a well-known constellation visible in the winter sky. 

Ang Orion ay isang kilalang konstelasyon na makikita sa kalangitan ng taglamig.

solar
solar
[pang-uri]

related to the sun

solar, heliocentric

solar, heliocentric

Ex: Solar eclipses occur when the moon blocks the sun's light. 

Ang mga eklipse solar ay nangyayari kapag hinaharangan ng buwan ang liwanag ng araw.

lunar
lunar
[pang-uri]

relating to the moon

lunar, buwan

lunar, buwan

Ex: She purchased a lunar calendar to track the phases of the moon. 

Bumili siya ng lunar na kalendaryo para subaybayan ang mga yugto ng buwan.

big bang
big bang
[Pangngalan]

the explosion that, according to most scientists, caused the existence of the universe

ang Malaking Pagsabog, teorya ng Malaking Pagsabog

ang Malaking Pagsabog, teorya ng Malaking Pagsabog

Ex: The Big Bang theory posits that the universe began with a massive explosion approximately 13.8 billion years ago. 

Ang teorya ng Big Bang ay nagpapahayag na ang uniberso ay nagsimula sa isang malaking pagsabog mga 13.8 bilyong taon na ang nakalilipas.

black hole
black hole
[Pangngalan]

a place in the space with such high gravity that pulls in everything, even light

itim na butas, black hole

itim na butas, black hole

Ex: Black holes are formed from the remnants of massive stars that have ended their life cycles and collapsed under their own gravity. 

Ang black hole ay nabubuo mula sa mga labi ng malalaking bituin na tapos na sa kanilang mga siklo ng buhay at nagbagsak sa ilalim ng kanilang sariling gravity.

comet
comet
[Pangngalan]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

kometa

kometa

Ex: Halley's Comet is one of the most famous comets, visible from Earth approximately every 76 years. 

Ang kometa ni Halley ay isa sa pinakasikat na kometa, nakikita mula sa Earth mga bawat 76 taon.

cosmic
cosmic
[pang-uri]

related to the universe and the vast space outside the earth

kosmiko, unibersal

kosmiko, unibersal

Ex: Cosmic phenomena encompass the vast and often mysterious aspects of the universe beyond Earth. 

Ang mga penomenong kosmiko ay sumasaklaw sa malawak at madalas na mahiwagang aspeto ng sansinukob na lampas sa Daigdig.

meteor
meteor
[Pangngalan]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

meteor,  bulalakaw

meteor, bulalakaw

Ex: We saw a bright meteor streak across the sky during the meteor shower last night. 

Nakita namin ang isang maliwanag na meteor na dumaan sa kalangitan habang nagaganap ang meteor shower kagabi.

meteorite
meteorite
[Pangngalan]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

meteorito, bato ng langit

meteorito, bato ng langit

Ex: Scientists analyzed the composition of the meteorite that fell in the desert last month. 

Sinuri ng mga siyentipiko ang komposisyon ng meteorite na bumagsak sa disyerto noong nakaraang buwan.

eclipse
eclipse
[Pangngalan]

a period during which the sun or moon is temporarily obscured by the shadow of another celestial body

eklipse, pagtatakip

eklipse, pagtatakip

Ex: We watched the solar eclipse through special protective glasses. 

Pinanood namin ang solar eclipse sa pamamagitan ng espesyal na proteksiyon na salamin.

alien
alien
[Pangngalan]

a creature believed or imagined to come from a planet other than Earth

dayuhan,  alien

dayuhan, alien

Ex: The idea of aliens visiting Earth has been a topic of debate and speculation, with various reports and sightings fueling conspiracy theories. 
satellite
satellite
[Pangngalan]

an artificial object sent into space to orbit Earth or another celestial body, usually to collect or transmit information

satelayt,  artipisyal na satelayt

satelayt, artipisyal na satelayt

Ex: The satellite sends weather data back to Earth. 
to orbit
to orbit
[Pandiwa]

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

umikot, lumibot

umikot, lumibot

Ex: The moon orbits around the Earth once every 27.3 days. 
rotation
rotation
[Pangngalan]

a single complete circular movement around an axis or along an orbit

pag-ikot, pag-inog

pag-ikot, pag-inog

Ex: One full rotation of the Earth takes twenty-four hours. 

Isang kumpletong pag-ikot ng Daigdig ay tumatagal ng dalawampu't apat na oras.

astronaut
astronaut
[Pangngalan]

someone who is trained to travel and work in space

astronauta, cosmonauta

astronauta, cosmonauta

Ex: She fulfilled her childhood dream of becoming an astronaut and traveled to the International Space Station. 

Natupad niya ang kanyang pangarap noong bata na maging astronaut at naglakbay sa International Space Station.

spacecraft
spacecraft
[Pangngalan]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

sasakyang pangkalawakan, bapor pangkalawakan

sasakyang pangkalawakan, bapor pangkalawakan

Ex: The spacecraft was launched to explore Mars and collect data about the planet's surface and atmosphere. 

Ang sasakyang pangkalawakan ay inilunsad upang galugarin ang Mars at mangolekta ng datos tungkol sa ibabaw at atmospera ng planeta.

rocket
rocket
[Pangngalan]

a propulsion device with its own fuel that produces thrust through reaction forces

rocket, tagapaglunsad

rocket, tagapaglunsad

Ex: The rocket engine burned fuel to lift the spacecraft. 

Ang makina ng rocket ay nagsunog ng gasolina upang iangat ang sasakyang pangkalawakan.

mission
mission
[Pangngalan]

an operation carried out in space

misyon

misyon

Ex: NASA's Voyager spacecraft embarked on a historic mission to explore the outer planets of our solar system. 
to launch
to launch
[Pandiwa]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

ilunsad, magpaputok

ilunsad, magpaputok

Ex: The military launched a missile as part of a test exercise. 
countdown
countdown
[Pangngalan]

the act of counting numbers backwards to zero before the launch of a missile or spacecraft

bilang pabalik, pagbilang pabalik

bilang pabalik, pagbilang pabalik

unidentified flying object

a mysterious object that some people claim to have seen flying around in the sky and assume that it is a spaceship from another world

hindi kilalang lumilipad na bagay

hindi kilalang lumilipad na bagay

Ex: Witnesses reported seeing an unidentified flying object hovering silently in the night sky. 

Iniulat ng mga saksi na nakakita sila ng hindi nakikilalang lumilipad na bagay na tahimik na lumulutang sa kalangitan ng gabi.

voyage
voyage
[Pangngalan]

a long journey taken on a ship or spacecraft

paglalakbay, biyahe

paglalakbay, biyahe

Ex: The space mission was a historic voyage to the International Space Station. 

Ang misyon sa kalawakan ay isang makasaysayang paglalakbay patungo sa International Space Station.

NASA
NASA
[Pangngalan]

a US government agency responsible for space travel and the study of space

Ang NASA,  ang National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ang NASA, ang National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Ex: NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is responsible for the United States' civilian space program. 

Ang NASA, ang National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ay responsable para sa sibilyan na programa ng espasyo ng Estados Unidos.

light year
light year
[Pangngalan]

(astronomy) the distance light travels in one year, equal to about 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46 trillion kilometers

light year, taon ng liwanag

light year, taon ng liwanag

ray
ray
[Pangngalan]

a narrow beam of light or other radiant energy

Ex: A ray of sunlight entered through a gap in the curtains. 
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