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Vocabulaire Avancé pour le GRE - Pouvoir et Politique

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur le pouvoir et la politique, tels que "oindre", "céder", "fortifier", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen GRE.

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Advanced Words Needed for the GRE
to abdicate

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdiquer

abdiquer

Ex: The king chose to abdicate the throne in favor of his successor. 
to anoint
to anoint
[verbe]

to choose whom an important position or job will be given to, generally done by a person of power

désigner

désigner

Ex: The board decided to anoint her as the new CEO after months of deliberation. 
to arrogate

to take control of something without any legal basis

s’arroger

s’arroger

Ex: The new manager tried to arrogate authority beyond her official role, upsetting the team. 
to capitulate

to surrender after negotiation or when facing overwhelming pressure

capituler, abandonner

capituler, abandonner

Ex: The army finally capitulated after weeks of intense fighting. 
to cede
to cede
[verbe]

to hand over power, land, or a position to another, particularly due to being forced

céder

céder

Ex: The king was pressured to cede his crown in exchange for his family's safety. 
to concede
to concede
[verbe]

to grant something such as control, a privilege, or right, often reluctantly

concéder, accorder

concéder, accorder

Ex: After a long negotiation, the company finally conceded control of the project to the new partner. 
to defenestrate

to force a person of authority or power to step down from their position

défenestrer, évincer

défenestrer, évincer

Ex: The political upheaval led the faction to defenestrate the corrupt leader and install a new government. 
to dismiss
to dismiss
[verbe]

to remove someone from their job or position, typically due to poor performance

renvoyer, licencier, congédier

renvoyer, licencier, congédier

Ex: The company decided to dismiss several employees due to budget constraints. 
to gerrymander

to divide voting districts in a way that would advantage a particular group or party more

redécouper une circonscription, remanier une circonscription

redécouper une circonscription, remanier une circonscription

Ex: Politicians often gerrymander districts to ensure their party's dominance in elections. 
to kowtow
to kowtow
[verbe]

to attempt at pleasing an authority by excessively flattering and obeying them

se prosterner, flatter servilement

se prosterner, flatter servilement

Ex: Some employees kowtow to the CEO, hoping to gain favor or promotions. 
to machinate

to secretly make plans, particularly to gain an advantage

monter une machination, comploter

monter une machination, comploter

Ex: The rival factions often machinate behind the scenes to outmaneuver each other. 
to relegate

to appoint a person or thing to a lower status, position, or rank

reléguer [qqn] à [qch]

reléguer [qqn] à [qch]

Ex: After the poor performance, the manager decided to relegate the employee to a lower position. 
to rescind
to rescind
[verbe]

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

rescinder, casser, annuler, abroger, résilier

rescinder, casser, annuler, abroger, résilier

Ex: The board is currently rescinding the previous decision due to new evidence. 
to sap
to sap
[verbe]

to gradually drain or deplete someone's power or strength

pomper, miner, saper, enlever, retirer

pomper, miner, saper, enlever, retirer

Ex: Constant stress can sap one's mental resilience. 
to spearhead

to be the person who leads something like an attack, campaign, movement, etc.

être le fer de lance de, mener

être le fer de lance de, mener

Ex: The general chose to spearhead the military offensive personally. 
to undermine

to gradually decrease the effectiveness, confidence, or power of something or someone

miner, saper

miner, saper

Ex: Skipping maintenance checks might undermine the long-term reliability of the equipment. 
artless
artless
[Adjectif]

simple and free from cunning

simple

simple

Ex: Her artless charm won over even the harshest critics. 
autonomous
autonomous
[Adjectif]

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

autonome

autonome

Ex: The region was granted autonomous status, allowing it to make its own political and economic decisions. 
bellicose
bellicose
[Adjectif]

displaying a willingness to start an argument, fight, or war

belliqueux

belliqueux

Ex: The bellicose behavior of the rival gangs led to frequent clashes in the neighborhood. 
compliant
compliant
[Adjectif]

willingly obeying rules or doing what other people demand

conforme, soumis

conforme, soumis

Ex: The compliant student always completes assignments on time and follows classroom rules. 
magisterial
magisterial
[Adjectif]

displaying a behavior befitting someone who is in a powerful and authoritative position

magistral

magistral

Ex: Her magisterial presence at the conference made it clear that she was an expert in her field. 
obsequious
obsequious
[Adjectif]

excessively flattering and obeying a person, particularly in order to gain their approval or favor

obséquieux, obséquieuse

obséquieux, obséquieuse

Ex: She found his obsequious manner off-putting, as he always agreed with her, no matter what she said. 
partisan
partisan
[Adjectif]

displaying support and favoritism toward a party or cause, usually without giving it much thought

partisan

partisan

Ex: The partisan media outlet only presents news that aligns with its political agenda. 
truculent
truculent
[Adjectif]

ill-tempered and ready to start an argument or fight

agressif

agressif

Ex: His truculent attitude made it difficult for his teammates to work with him. 
artifice

a clever action or behavior that is intended to trick and deceive others

artifice, truc

artifice, truc

Ex: It was later revealed that the company's reported financial figures were artifices meant to inflate stock values. 
calumny
calumny
[nom]

a false statement meant to misrepresent someone

calomnie, diffamation

calomnie, diffamation

Ex: The lawsuit was filed over a calumny printed in the newspaper. 
dissolution

the formal ending of a business agreement, marriage, parliament, organization, etc.

dissolution

dissolution

Ex: The dissolution of their partnership marked the end of a ten-year business relationship. 
graft
graft
[nom]

a morally or legally wrong act, usually bribery, done to gain an advantage or support

pot-de-vin

pot-de-vin

Ex: The politician was arrested for graft after accepting bribes in exchange for government contracts. 
jingoist

someone who very strongly believes that their country is far more superior than other countries

chauvin, chauvine

chauvin, chauvine

Ex: The jingoist politician's campaign was based on aggressive national pride and a promise to show military might. 
juggernaut

a force, movement, organization, etc. that is large, powerful, and uncontrollable

pouvoir destructeur, force fatale, force destructrice

pouvoir destructeur, force fatale, force destructrice

Ex: The tech company quickly became a juggernaut in the industry, dominating markets worldwide. 
junta
junta
[nom]

a government of politicians or military officers that forcefully obtained power

junte

junte

Ex: Protests erupted across the nation, demanding an end to the junta’s authoritarian rule. 
nabob
nabob
[nom]

an individual who possesses an extreme amount of wealth or a high social standing

nabab

nabab

Ex: The nabob’s mansion, with its sprawling gardens and opulent interiors, was the talk of the town. 
potentate

someone who rules over people and possesses absolute control and power

potentat

potentat

Ex: The ancient empire was ruled by a potentate who had control over every aspect of daily life. 
quisling

an individual who betrays their country by assisting the enemy occupying or controlling it

collaborateur, collaboratrice

collaborateur, collaboratrice

Ex: Historical accounts often highlight the role of quislings in aiding enemy regimes during times of war. 
coterminous
coterminous
[Adjectif]

(of areas of land or of countries) having a border in common

limitrophe, contigu

limitrophe, contigu

Ex: The two neighboring countries were coterminous, sharing a long and often disputed border. 
buffer zone

a neutral area free of the conflict and danger that is between opposing powers

zone tampon

zone tampon

Ex: The peace agreement included creating a buffer zone around the disputed territory. 
recrimination

accusations made in retaliation for being accused

récrimination

récrimination

Ex: The meeting quickly devolved into a series of recriminations between the two departments. 
sycophant

an individual who excessively flatters someone of importance to gain a favor or advantage

flagorneur, flagorneuse

flagorneur, flagorneuse

Ex: The CEO’s office was filled with sycophants eager to win his favor with constant flattery. 
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