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Vocabulario Avanzado para el GRE - El Gobierno Como un Mal Necesario

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre poder y política, como "anoint", "cede", "fortify", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Advanced Words Needed for the GRE
to abdicate

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdicar

abdicar

Ex: Facing political turmoil, the emperor decided to abdicate to restore stability. 

Ante la agitación política, el emperador decidió abdicar para restaurar la estabilidad.

to anoint
to anoint
[Verbo]

to choose whom an important position or job will be given to, generally done by a person of power

consagrar

consagrar

Ex: The influential donor hoped to anoint someone who would continue his philanthropic legacy. 

El influyente donante esperaba ungir a alguien que continuaría su legado filantrópico.

to arrogate

to take control of something without any legal basis

tomar por la fuerza, apropiarse

tomar por la fuerza, apropiarse

Ex: The king's advisors warned him not to arrogate the decision-making powers of the parliament. 

Los asesores del rey le advirtieron que no arrogara los poderes de decisión del parlamento.

to capitulate

to surrender after negotiation or when facing overwhelming pressure

capitular, rendirse

capitular, rendirse

Ex: The company capitulated to the union's demands to avoid a strike. 

La empresa capituló ante las demandas del sindicato para evitar una huelga.

to cede
to cede
[Verbo]

to hand over power, land, or a position to another, particularly due to being forced

ceder

ceder

Ex: They had no choice but to cede their shares in the business when they declared bankruptcy. 

No tuvieron más remedio que ceder sus acciones en el negocio cuando declararon bancarrota.

to concede
to concede
[Verbo]

to grant something such as control, a privilege, or right, often reluctantly

ceder, conceder

ceder, conceder

Ex: He was forced to concede that his initial plan was flawed after reviewing the new evidence. 

Se vio obligado a conceder que su plan inicial era defectuoso después de revisar las nuevas pruebas.

to defenestrate

to force a person of authority or power to step down from their position

defenestrar, destituir

defenestrar, destituir

Ex: In a dramatic turn of events, the general was defenestrated by his own officers after a failed campaign. 

En un giro dramático de los acontecimientos, el general fue defenestrado por sus propios oficiales después de una campaña fallida.

to dismiss
to dismiss
[Verbo]

to remove someone from their job or position, typically due to poor performance

despedir

despedir

Ex: The manager had to dismiss the employee for consistent poor performance despite warnings. 

El gerente tuvo que despedir al empleado por un rendimiento consistentemente pobre a pesar de las advertencias.

to gerrymander

to divide voting districts in a way that would advantage a particular group or party more

manipular

manipular

Ex: The state has gerrymandered the districts several times over the past decade. 

El estado ha manipulado los distritos varias veces en la última década.

to kowtow
to kowtow
[Verbo]

to attempt at pleasing an authority by excessively flattering and obeying them

hacer la reverencia, adulador servil

hacer la reverencia, adulador servil

Ex: If he were to kowtow to the committee, he might have a better chance of having his proposal approved. 

Si él se inclinara ante el comité, podría tener una mejor oportunidad de que su propuesta sea aprobada.

to machinate

to secretly make plans, particularly to gain an advantage

maquinar

maquinar

Ex: During the conference, various interest groups will be machinating to shape the new policies. 

Durante la conferencia, varios grupos de interés maquinarán para dar forma a las nuevas políticas.

to relegate

to appoint a person or thing to a lower status, position, or rank

relegar

relegar

Ex: In academic settings, failing grades may relegate a student to a lower academic level. 

En entornos académicos, las calificaciones reprobatorias pueden relegar a un estudiante a un nivel académico inferior.

to rescind
to rescind
[Verbo]

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

rescindir, anular, derogar

rescindir, anular, derogar

Ex: The committee will be rescinding the outdated guidelines during their meeting next week. 

El comité revocará las directrices obsoletas durante su reunión la próxima semana.

to sap
to sap
[Verbo]

to gradually drain or deplete someone's power or strength

debilitar

debilitar

Ex: Financial struggles can sap emotional well-being and stability. 

Las luchas financieras pueden minar el bienestar emocional y la estabilidad.

to spearhead

to be the person who leads something like an attack, campaign, movement, etc.

encabezar

encabezar

Ex: The captain was assigned to spearhead the rescue mission in the disaster-stricken area. 

Al capitán se le asignó encabezar la misión de rescate en el área afectada por el desastre.

to undermine

to gradually decrease the effectiveness, confidence, or power of something or someone

socavar, debilitar

socavar, debilitar

Ex: Ignoring safety protocols can undermine the integrity of a project. 

Ignorar los protocolos de seguridad puede socavar la integridad de un proyecto.

artless
artless
[Adjetivo]

simple and free from cunning

ingenuo

ingenuo

Ex: The child's artless question silenced the room. 

La pregunta ingenuo del niño silenció la habitación.

autonomous
autonomous
[Adjetivo]

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

autónomo

autónomo

Ex: As an autonomous community, the island has its own laws and regulations separate from the mainland. 

Como comunidad autónoma, la isla tiene sus propias leyes y regulaciones separadas del continente.

bellicose
bellicose
[Adjetivo]

displaying a willingness to start an argument, fight, or war

belicoso

belicoso

Ex: The movie character's bellicose nature made him a formidable opponent in the storyline. 

La naturaleza belicosa del personaje de la película lo convirtió en un oponente formidable en la trama.

compliant
compliant
[Adjetivo]

willingly obeying rules or doing what other people demand

conforme, sumiso

conforme, sumiso

Ex: The compliant patient diligently follows the doctor's orders regarding medication and treatment. 

El paciente cumplidor sigue diligentemente las órdenes del médico con respecto a la medicación y el tratamiento.

magisterial
magisterial
[Adjetivo]

displaying a behavior befitting someone who is in a powerful and authoritative position

magistral

magistral

Ex: The director’s magisterial control over the set ensured that every aspect of the production met his high standards. 

El control magistral del director sobre el set aseguró que cada aspecto de la producción cumpliera con sus altos estándares.

obsequious
obsequious
[Adjetivo]

excessively flattering and obeying a person, particularly in order to gain their approval or favor

obsequioso

obsequioso

Ex: The politician surrounded himself with obsequious aides who never challenged his decisions. 

El político se rodeó de ayudantes obsequiosos que nunca desafiaron sus decisiones.

partisan
partisan
[Adjetivo]

displaying support and favoritism toward a party or cause, usually without giving it much thought

partidista

partidista

Ex: The committee tried to avoid making a partisan decision. 

Sus puntos de vista partidistas le dificultan considerar perspectivas opuestas.

truculent
truculent
[Adjetivo]

ill-tempered and ready to start an argument or fight

agresivo

agresivo

Ex: A truculent crowd gathered outside the venue, protesting the decision. 

Una multitud truculenta se reunió fuera del lugar, protestando por la decisión.

artifice
artifice
[Sustantivo]

a clever action or behavior that is intended to trick and deceive others

artificio

artificio

Ex: The witness's story seemed contrived and full of artifice meant to misdirect interrogation rather than provide honesty. 

La historia del testigo parecía artificial y llena de artificio destinado a desviar el interrogatorio en lugar de proporcionar honestidad.

calumny
calumny
[Sustantivo]

a false statement meant to misrepresent someone

calumnia

calumnia

Ex: Spreading calumny about rivals is unethical in politics. 

Difundir calumnias sobre los rivales es poco ético en política.

dissolution
dissolution
[Sustantivo]

the formal ending of a business agreement, marriage, parliament, organization, etc.

disolución

disolución

Ex: The prime minister called for the dissolution of parliament, triggering a new election. 

El primer ministro pidió la disolución del parlamento, lo que provocó una nueva elección.

graft
graft
[Sustantivo]

a morally or legally wrong act, usually bribery, done to gain an advantage or support

trapicheo

trapicheo

Ex: The company's success was built on graft, with executives paying off regulators to bypass legal requirements. 

El éxito de la empresa se construyó sobre el soborno, con ejecutivos sobornando a los reguladores para eludir los requisitos legales.

jingoist
jingoist
[Sustantivo]

someone who very strongly believes that their country is far more superior than other countries

jingoísta

jingoísta

Ex: The film was criticized for its jingoist message, glorifying war and national supremacy. 

La película fue criticada por su mensaje jingoísta, glorificando la guerra y la supremacía nacional.

juggernaut
juggernaut
[Sustantivo]

a force, movement, organization, etc. that is large, powerful, and uncontrollable

apisonadora

apisonadora

Ex: The advertising campaign was a juggernaut, reaching millions and leaving competitors far behind. 

La campaña publicitaria fue un juggernaut, llegando a millones y dejando a los competidores muy atrás.

junta
junta
[Sustantivo]

a government of politicians or military officers that forcefully obtained power

junta militar

junta militar

Ex: Protests erupted across the nation, demanding an end to the junta’s authoritarian rule. 

Protestas estallaron en todo el país, exigiendo el fin del gobierno autoritario de la junta.

nabob
nabob
[Sustantivo]

an individual who possesses an extreme amount of wealth or a high social standing

nabab

nabab

Ex: Despite being a nabob, she remained humble and used her fortune to support education in underprivileged areas. 

A pesar de ser un nabab, ella se mantuvo humilde y utilizó su fortuna para apoyar la educación en áreas desfavorecidas.

potentate
potentate
[Sustantivo]

someone who rules over people and possesses absolute control and power

potentado

potentado

Ex: As a potentate, she had the final say on all matters of state and exerted her influence across the land. 

Como potentado, ella tenía la última palabra en todos los asuntos de estado y ejercía su influencia en todo el territorio.

quisling
quisling
[Sustantivo]

an individual who betrays their country by assisting the enemy occupying or controlling it

traidor

traidor

Ex: The spy was labeled a quisling for his role in assisting the enemy and compromising national security. 

El espía fue etiquetado como quisling por su papel en ayudar al enemigo y comprometer la seguridad nacional.

coterminous
coterminous
[Adjetivo]

(of areas of land or of countries) having a border in common

colindante, contiguo

colindante, contiguo

Ex: The coterminous borders of the two states allowed for seamless travel and trade between the regions. 

Las fronteras colindantes de los dos estados permitieron un viaje y comercio sin problemas entre las regiones.

buffer zone
buffer zone
[Sustantivo]

a neutral area free of the conflict and danger that is between opposing powers

tierra de nadie

tierra de nadie

Ex: Refugees found temporary safety in the buffer zone, away from the front lines of the conflict. 

Los refugiados encontraron seguridad temporal en la zona de amortiguamiento, lejos de las líneas del frente del conflicto.

recrimination
recrimination
[Sustantivo]

accusations made in retaliation for being accused

recriminación

recriminación

Ex: The manager's response was filled with recriminations, deflecting responsibility onto his subordinates. 

La respuesta del gerente estuvo llena de recriminaciones, desviando la responsabilidad hacia sus subordinados.

sycophant
sycophant
[Sustantivo]

an individual who excessively flatters someone of importance to gain a favor or advantage

adulador

adulador

Ex: The politician surrounded himself with sycophants who praised his every decision. 

El político se rodeó de aduladores que elogiaban cada una de sus decisiones.

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