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Liste de Mots Niveau B2 - La Loi, C'est la Loi !

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur le droit, tels que "cas", "jury", "procès", etc., préparés pour les apprenants de niveau B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
to account
to account
[verbe]

to regard someone or something in a particular way

considérer

considérer

Ex: His decision to skip important meetings could not be accounted wise. 
to accuse
to accuse
[verbe]

to say that a person or group has done something wrong

accuser

accuser

Ex: The teacher warned the students not to accuse each other without solid proof. 
to challenge

to object to the legality or acceptability of something

contester, mettre en doute

contester, mettre en doute

Ex: The company challenged the new regulations imposed by the government. 
to suspect
to suspect
[verbe]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

suspecter, soupçonner

suspecter, soupçonner

Ex: She started to suspect her neighbor of stealing her packages when they frequently went missing. 
case
case
[nom]

a matter that is to be dealt with in a court of law

dossier, procès

dossier, procès

Ex: The judge scheduled the case for trial next month, giving both parties time to gather their evidence. 
family court

a court that decides on family matters such as divorce

tribunal de la famille

tribunal de la famille

Ex: Family court deals with matters such as child support, adoption, and domestic violence cases. 

Le tribunal de la famille traite de questions telles que la pension alimentaire pour enfants, l'adoption et les cas de violence domestique.

jury
jury
[nom]

a group of people chosen to hear the evidence in a court case and reach a verdict

jury

jury

Ex: Maria was selected to serve on a jury for a criminal trial. 
trial
trial
[nom]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

procès

procès

Ex: She was nervous about her upcoming trial and hoped the jury would believe her innocence. 
justice
justice
[nom]

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

justice

justice

Ex: She dedicated her career to fighting for social justice and equality for all. 
injustice

a behavior or treatment that is unjust and unfair

injustice

injustice

Ex: She felt a deep sense of injustice when her brother was unfairly treated by the authorities. 

Elle a ressenti un profond sentiment d'injustice lorsque son frère a été traité injustement par les autorités.

strict
strict
[Adjectif]

(of a rule, law, or requirement) demanding complete obedience and allowing little or no flexibility

strict, sévère

strict, sévère

Ex: There are strict regulations governing the storage of chemicals. 
legal
legal
[Adjectif]

related to the law or the legal system

juridique

juridique

Ex: The defendant sought legal advice before the trial. 

L'accusé a demandé des conseils juridiques avant le procès.

legally
legally
[Adverbe]

in a way that is allowed by the law or in accordance with legal rules

légalement

légalement

Ex: The business is legally registered and fully compliant with regulations. 

L'entreprise est légalement enregistrée et entièrement conforme aux réglementations.

valid
valid
[Adjectif]

acceptable by the law or any authority

valable

valable

Ex: Your passport must be valid for at least six months to enter the country. 

Votre passeport doit être valide pendant au moins six mois pour entrer dans le pays.

regulation

the process of controlling something by means of rules

régulation

régulation

Ex: Strict regulation of food safety standards ensures that products meet health and hygiene requirements before reaching consumers. 
to judge
to judge
[verbe]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

juger

juger

Ex: It is his duty to impartially judge the facts of the case. 
authority

the right or power to give orders to people

autorité

autorité

Ex: The police officer acted with the full authority granted to him by law. 
inspector

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

inspecteur, inspectrice

inspecteur, inspectrice

Ex: Inspector Smith arrived at the crime scene. 
clause
clause
[nom]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

clause

clause

Ex: The contract contains a confidentiality clause that prohibits the disclosure of sensitive information to third parties. 
claim
claim
[nom]

a request for an amount of money that one believes is rightful

affirmation, déclaration

affirmation, déclaration

Ex: She submitted a claim for reimbursement of medical expenses incurred during her hospitalization. 
bill
bill
[nom]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

projet de loi

projet de loi

Ex: The senator sponsored the bill to address healthcare reform. 
action
action
[nom]

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

procédure, procès

procédure, procès

Ex: The company faced legal action for breach of contract. 
to appeal
to appeal
[verbe]

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

faire appel, interjeter appel

faire appel, interjeter appel

Ex: The prosecution appealed the judge's decision to suppress key evidence in the case. 
bail
bail
[nom]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

caution

caution

Ex: The accused was unable to afford the bail amount and remained in custody until the court date. 
brief
brief
[nom]

a short document stating the facts provided by one side of a case to be presented to a court or judge

résumé, mémoire

résumé, mémoire

Ex: The brief included key evidence and legal precedents relevant to the case. 
charge
charge
[nom]

an accusation against a person who is on trial

accusation

accusation

Ex: The charge against him was serious, involving a significant amount of evidence. 
to charge
to charge
[verbe]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

inculper

inculper

Ex: Law enforcement officers may charge individuals with trespassing if they enter restricted areas. 
to defend
to defend
[verbe]

to represent a person who is on trial

défendre

défendre

Ex: During the trial, the lawyer worked tirelessly to defend her client against the charges. 
to file
to file
[verbe]

to officially submit or store a document or record in accordance with legal or regulatory requirements

déposer, introduire, intenter

déposer, introduire, intenter

Ex: The defendant filed a counterclaim in response to the plaintiff's allegations. 
to issue
to issue
[verbe]

to officially start a legal process against someone, often with a document

délivrer

délivrer

Ex: They issued a summons to the suspect. 
to prohibit

to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

interdire, prohiber

interdire, prohiber

Ex: The park has signs that prohibit littering to maintain cleanliness and environmental conservation. 

Le parc a des panneaux qui interdisent de jeter des déchets pour maintenir la propreté et la conservation de l'environnement.

prohibition

an official rule or law that forbids something

interdiction, défense

interdiction, défense

Ex: The city enacted a prohibition on street vending. 

La ville a promulgué une interdiction de la vente dans la rue.

to try
to try
[verbe]

to put a person on trial or investigate a case in a trial

juger

juger

Ex: The case was tried in a lower court before being appealed. 
to break
to break
[verbe]

to fail to obey the law

transgresser, violer, ne pas respecter

transgresser, violer, ne pas respecter

Ex: The company will face consequences if they break environmental regulations. 
to chair
to chair
[verbe]

to lead a committee or meeting

présider

présider

Ex: The experienced professor will chair the academic committee, overseeing curriculum decisions. 
to get away

to escape from someone or somewhere

s'échapper de quelqu'un ou d'un endroit, réussir à s'échapper et partir

s'échapper de quelqu'un ou d'un endroit, réussir à s'échapper et partir

Ex: The prisoners attempted to get away during the chaos of the riot. 

Les prisonniers ont tenté de s'échapper pendant le chaos de l'émeute.

to require
to require
[verbe]

to make something mandatory or necessary

exiger, requérir

exiger, requérir

Ex: The situation requires quick thinking and action. 
to disqualify

to officially take away someone's right to do something for violating a rule

disqualifier

disqualifier

Ex: He was disqualified from the race for taking performance-enhancing drugs. 

Il a été disqualifié de la course pour avoir pris des substances améliorant la performance.

judgment

the decision of a judge or law court

jugement

jugement

Ex: The defendant accepted the judgment and decided not to appeal. 
criminal record

a legal document that shows a person's history of breaking the law and being punished for it

casier judiciaire, dossier criminel

casier judiciaire, dossier criminel

Ex: The background check revealed a criminal record with several past convictions. 

La vérification des antécédents a révélé un casier judiciaire avec plusieurs condamnations passées.

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