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Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas B2 - Batas

Dito ay matututuhan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa batas, tulad ng "kaso", "hurado", "pagsubok", atbp., inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas B2.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
CEFR B2 Vocabulary
to account
to account
[Pandiwa]

to regard someone or something in a particular way

ituin, isaalang-alang

ituin, isaalang-alang

Ex: She accounts herself fortunate to have such supportive friends and family. 

Itinuturing niya ang kanyang sarili na mapalad na may mga kaibigan at pamilyang ganito kasuportahan.

to accuse
to accuse
[Pandiwa]

to say that a person or group has done something wrong

akusahan, paratangan

akusahan, paratangan

Ex: He was falsely accused of cheating on the exam and faced serious consequences. 

Siya ay hindi totoong inakusahan ng pandaraya sa pagsusulit at humarap sa malubhang kahihinatnan.

to challenge
to challenge
[Pandiwa]

to object to the legality or acceptability of something

hamunin, tutulan

hamunin, tutulan

Ex: He planned to challenge the results of the election based on alleged irregularities. 

Binalak niyang hamunin ang mga resulta ng halalan batay sa diumano'y iregularidad.

to suspect
to suspect
[Pandiwa]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

maghinala,  sapantahin

maghinala, sapantahin

Ex: The police began to suspect him after they found his fingerprints at the crime scene. 

Nagsimulang maghinala ang pulisya sa kanya matapos nilang mahanap ang kanyang mga fingerprint sa lugar ng krimen.

case
case
[Pangngalan]

a matter that is to be dealt with in a court of law

kaso, usapin

kaso, usapin

Ex: The jury deliberated for hours before reaching a verdict in the complex fraud case. 

Ang hurado ay nagpulong ng ilang oras bago magbigay ng hatol sa kumplikadong kaso ng pandaraya.

family court
family court
[Pangngalan]

a court that decides on family matters such as divorce

hukuman ng pamilya, korte ng pamilya

hukuman ng pamilya, korte ng pamilya

Ex: They had to go to family court to finalize their divorce and settle custody arrangements. 

Kailangan nilang pumunta sa korte ng pamilya upang tapusin ang kanilang diborsyo at ayusin ang mga kaayusan ng pag-aalaga.

jury
jury
[Pangngalan]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 

Ang hurado ay nagdelibera ng ilang oras bago makarating sa isang unanimous na hatol.

trial
trial
[Pangngalan]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

paglilitis, pagsubok

paglilitis, pagsubok

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 

Ang paglilitis ay tumagal ng ilang linggo habang nagbibigay ng testimonya ang mga saksi at ipinakita ang ebidensya.

justice
justice
[Pangngalan]

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

katarungan

katarungan

Ex: Many people protested, demanding justice for the wrongfully accused. 

Maraming tao ang nagprotesta, na humihingi ng katarungan para sa mga inosenteng akusado.

injustice
injustice
[Pangngalan]

a behavior or treatment that is unjust and unfair

kawalang-katarungan, hindi makatarungang pagtrato

kawalang-katarungan, hindi makatarungang pagtrato

Ex: The community rallied together to protest against the injustice of racial discrimination. 

Ang komunidad ay nagkaisa upang magprotesta laban sa kawalang-katarungan ng diskriminasyon sa lahi.

strict
strict
[pang-uri]

(of rules and regulations) absolute and must be obeyed under any circumstances

mahigpit,  istrikto

mahigpit, istrikto

Ex: The company has strict guidelines in place to ensure workplace safety for all employees. 

Ang kumpanya ay may mga mahigpit na alituntunin upang matiyak ang kaligtasan sa lugar ng trabaho para sa lahat ng empleyado.

legal
legal
[pang-uri]

related to the law or the legal system

legal, batas

legal, batas

Ex: The company's legal team reviewed the contract before signing. 

Tiningnan ng legal na koponan ng kumpanya ang kontrata bago pirmahan.

legally
legally
[pang-abay]

in a way that is allowed by the law or in accordance with legal rules

legal, alinsunod sa batas

legal, alinsunod sa batas

Ex: She entered the country legally after obtaining the correct visa. 

Pumasok siya sa bansa nang legal pagkatapos makuha ang tamang visa.

valid
valid
[pang-uri]

acceptable by the law or any authority

balido, legal

balido, legal

Ex: The court ruled the evidence inadmissible as it was not obtained through valid means. 

Nagpasiya ang hukuman na hindi katanggap-tanggap ang ebidensya dahil hindi ito nakuha sa pamamagitan ng balidong paraan.

regulation
regulation
[Pangngalan]

the process of controlling something by means of rules

regulasyon, pamamahala

regulasyon, pamamahala

Ex: Effective regulation of the pharmaceutical industry is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of medications. 

Ang epektibong regulasyon ng industriya ng parmasyutiko ay mahalaga upang matiyak ang kaligtasan at bisa ng mga gamot.

to judge
to judge
[Pandiwa]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

hukuman, magpasya

hukuman, magpasya

Ex: The court system is designed to judge the defendant's actions according to the law. 

Ang sistema ng korte ay idinisenyo upang hukuman ang mga aksyon ng nasasakdal ayon sa batas.

authority
authority
[Pangngalan]

the right or power to give orders to people

awtoridad, kapangyarihan

awtoridad, kapangyarihan

Ex: The manager had the authority to approve all major project expenditures. 

Ang manager ay may awtoridad na aprubahan ang lahat ng pangunahing gastos ng proyekto.

inspector
inspector
[Pangngalan]

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

inspektor, opisyal ng pulisya

inspektor, opisyal ng pulisya

Ex: The inspector led the investigation into the robbery. 

Ang inspektor ang namuno sa imbestigasyon sa pagnanakaw.

clause
clause
[Pangngalan]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

sugnay, artikulo

sugnay, artikulo

Ex: The rental agreement includes a clause specifying the responsibilities of both the landlord and the tenant. 

Kasama sa kasunduan sa pag-upa ang isang sangay na tumutukoy sa mga responsibilidad ng parehong may-ari at nangungupahan.

claim
claim
[Pangngalan]

a request for an amount of money that one believes is rightful

hiling, hiling sa bayad-pinsala

hiling, hiling sa bayad-pinsala

Ex: The insurance company denied his claim for damages, citing insufficient evidence. 

Tinanggihan ng kompanya ng seguro ang kanyang hiling para sa pinsala, na binanggit ang hindi sapat na ebidensya.

bill
bill
[Pangngalan]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

Ex: The Senate voted on the bill yesterday. 
action
action
[Pangngalan]

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

aksiyon, prosesong legal

aksiyon, prosesong legal

Ex: The plaintiff initiated legal action to seek damages for the harm done. 

Ang demandante ay nagpasimula ng legal na akyon upang humingi ng bayad-pinsala para sa pinsalang ginawa.

to appeal
to appeal
[Pandiwa]

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

mag-apela, maghain ng apela

mag-apela, maghain ng apela

Ex: The defendant decided to appeal the verdict of the lower court in hopes of receiving a more favorable outcome. 

Nagpasya ang nasasakdal na mag-apela sa hatol ng mababang hukuman sa pag-asa na makatanggap ng mas kanais-nais na resulta.

bail
bail
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

piyansa, kalayaan sa ilalim ng piyansa

piyansa, kalayaan sa ilalim ng piyansa

Ex: The bail bondsman agreed to post bail on behalf of the defendant in exchange for a fee. 

Pumayag ang ahente ng piyansa na magbayad ng piyansa para sa akusado kapalit ng bayad.

brief
brief
[Pangngalan]

a short document stating the facts provided by one side of a case to be presented to a court or judge

maikling dokumento, buod

maikling dokumento, buod

Ex: The lawyer submitted a detailed brief to support her client's position. 

Ang abogado ay nagsumite ng detalyadong brief upang suportahan ang posisyon ng kanyang kliyente.

charge
charge
[Pangngalan]

an accusation against a person who is on trial

paratang,  sakdal

paratang, sakdal

Ex: The charges were filed after a thorough investigation revealed substantial evidence. 

Ang mga paratang ay isinampa matapos na magbunyag ng malawakang imbestigasyon ng malaking ebidensya.

to charge
to charge
[Pandiwa]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

paratang, isakdal

paratang, isakdal

Ex: Right now, the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal. 

Sa ngayon, ang legal na team ay nagsasakdal sa mga indibidwal na sangkot sa iskandalo ng korapsyon.

to defend
to defend
[Pandiwa]

to represent a person who is on trial

ipagtanggol,  kumatawan

ipagtanggol, kumatawan

Ex: The attorney was hired to defend the accused in the high-profile case. 

Ang abogado ay inupahan upang ipagtanggol ang akusado sa mataas na profile na kaso.

to file
to file
[Pandiwa]

to officially submit or store a document or record in accordance with legal or regulatory requirements

maghain, mag-archive

maghain, mag-archive

Ex: The attorney filed the necessary paperwork to initiate the probate process. 

Ang abogado ay nag-file ng kinakailangang papeles upang simulan ang proseso ng probate.

to issue
to issue
[Pandiwa]

to officially start a legal process against someone, often with a document

maglabas, mag-isyu

maglabas, mag-isyu

Ex: Police issued charges after the investigation. 

Ang pulisya ay naglabas ng mga paratang pagkatapos ng imbestigasyon.

to prohibit
to prohibit
[Pandiwa]

to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

ipagbawal, bawalan

ipagbawal, bawalan

Ex: The city council passed a law to prohibit the use of fireworks within city limits. 

Ang lungsod konseho ay nagpasa ng isang batas upang ipagbawal ang paggamit ng paputok sa loob ng mga limitasyon ng lungsod.

prohibition
prohibition
[Pangngalan]

an official rule or law that forbids something

pagbabawal, prohibisyon

pagbabawal, prohibisyon

Ex: Smoking in public buildings is under prohibition. 

Ang paninigarilyo sa mga pampublikong gusali ay nasa ilalim ng pagbabawal.

to try
to try
[Pandiwa]

to put a person on trial or investigate a case in a trial

litisin, subukan

litisin, subukan

Ex: He was tried for theft and sentenced to two years in prison. 

Siya ay nilitis para sa pagnanakaw at hinatulan ng dalawang taon sa bilangguan.

to break
to break
[Pandiwa]

to fail to obey the law

lumabag, suwayin

lumabag, suwayin

Ex: Breaking copyright laws can lead to legal action against content creators. 

Ang paglabag sa mga batas sa copyright ay maaaring humantong sa aksyong legal laban sa mga tagalikha ng nilalaman.

to chair
to chair
[Pandiwa]

to lead a committee or meeting

mangulo, pamunuan

mangulo, pamunuan

Ex: She regularly chairs the weekly team meetings, ensuring all agenda items are addressed. 

Regular niyang pinamumunuan ang lingguhang mga pulong ng koponan, tinitiyak na natatalakay ang lahat ng agenda.

to get away
to get away
[Pandiwa]

to escape from someone or somewhere

makatakas, tumakas

makatakas, tumakas

Ex: The thief tried to get away, but the police quickly caught him. 

Sinubukan ng magnanakaw na tumakas, ngunit mabilis siyang nahuli ng pulisya.

to require
to require
[Pandiwa]

to make something mandatory or necessary

mangailangan, kailanganin

mangailangan, kailanganin

Ex: The event requires registration in advance. 

Ang kaganapan ay nangangailangan ng pagpaparehistro nang maaga.

to disqualify
to disqualify
[Pandiwa]

to officially take away someone's right to do something for violating a rule

diskwalipika, alisin

diskwalipika, alisin

Ex: He was disqualified from the race for taking performance-enhancing drugs. 

Siya ay diskalipika sa karera dahil sa pag-inom ng mga drogang pampalakas.

judgment
judgment
[Pangngalan]

the decision of a judge or law court

hatol, desisyon

hatol, desisyon

Ex: The judgment was delivered after weeks of deliberation by the court. 

Ang hatol ay inihatid pagkatapos ng ilang linggo ng pagpapasiya ng korte.

criminal record
criminal record
[Pangngalan]

a legal document that shows a person's history of breaking the law and being punished for it

rekord kriminal, kasaysayang kriminal

rekord kriminal, kasaysayang kriminal

Ex: His criminal record made it difficult for him to find a job after his release from prison. 

Ang kanyang kriminal na rekord ay nagpahirap sa kanya na makahanap ng trabaho pagkatapos ng kanyang paglaya mula sa bilangguan.

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