Le livre Summit 1B - Unité 8 - Leçon 3

Ici, vous trouverez le vocabulaire de l'Unité 8 - Leçon 3 du manuel Summit 1B, comme "permission", "courtois", "frustrer", etc.

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to expect

[verbe]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

s’attendre à, attendre

Ex: He expects a promotion after all his hard work this year .Il **s'attend** à une promotion après tout son dur travail cette année.

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expectation

[nom]

a belief about what is likely to happen in the future, often based on previous experiences or desires

attente, espérance

Ex: Setting realistic expectations for oneself can lead to greater satisfaction and fulfillment in life .Se fixer des **attentes** réalistes peut conduire à une plus grande satisfaction et épanouissement dans la vie.

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to explain

[verbe]

to make something clear and easy to understand by giving more information about it

expliquer

Ex: They explained the process of making a paper airplane step by step .Ils ont **expliqué** le processus de fabrication d'un avion en papier étape par étape.

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explanation

[nom]

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

explication, éclaircissement

Ex: The guide 's detailed explanation enhanced their appreciation of the museum exhibit .L'**explication** détaillée du guide a renforcé leur appréciation de l'exposition du musée.

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to frustrate

[verbe]

to prevent someone from achieving success, particularly by nullifying their efforts

faire échouer, contrecarrer, déjouer

Ex: The last-minute rule change frustrated the team 's strategy .Le changement de règle de dernière minute a **frustré** la stratégie de l'équipe.

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frustration

[nom]

the feeling of being impatient, annoyed, or upset because of being unable to do or achieve what is desired

frustration

Ex: The frustration of not being able to solve the puzzle made him give up .La **frustration** de ne pas pouvoir résoudre le puzzle l'a fait abandonner.

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to permit

[verbe]

to allow something or someone to do something

permettre

Ex: The manager permits employees to take an extra break if needed .Le manager **permet** aux employés de prendre une pause supplémentaire si nécessaire.

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permission

[nom]

the action of allowing someone to do a particular thing or letting something happen, particularly in an official way

permission

Ex: Visitors must obtain permission from the landowner before entering private property .Les visiteurs doivent obtenir **l'autorisation** du propriétaire avant d'entrer dans une propriété privée.

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to develop

[verbe]

to change and become stronger or more advanced

se développer

Ex: As the disease progresses , symptoms may develop in more severe forms .À mesure que la maladie progresse, les symptômes peuvent **se développer** sous des formes plus graves.

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development

[nom]

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

développement

Ex: They monitored the development of the plant to understand its growth patterns .Ils ont surveillé le **développement** de la plante pour comprendre ses modèles de croissance.

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to involve

[verbe]

to contain or include something as a necessary part

impliquer

Ex: The test will involve answering questions about a photograph .Le test **impliquera** de répondre à des questions sur une photographie.

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involvement

[nom]

the state of being part of something or having a connection with it

implication, participation

Ex: His involvement in the project led to new ideas and improvements .Son **implication** dans le projet a conduit à de nouvelles idées et améliorations.

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courteous

[Adjectif]

behaving with politeness and respect

courtois, poli

Ex: He always remains courteous, even when dealing with difficult customers .Il reste toujours **courtois**, même lorsqu'il traite avec des clients difficiles.

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courtesy

[nom]

a display of good manners and polite behavior toward other people

courtoisie

Ex: She offered her seat to the older man as a courtesy.Elle a offert son siège à l'homme plus âgé par **courtoisie**.

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difficult

[Adjectif]

needing a lot of work or skill to do, understand, or deal with

difficile

Ex: Cooking a gourmet meal from scratch can be difficult for novice chefs .Préparer un repas gastronomique à partir de zéro peut être **difficile** pour les chefs novices.

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difficulty

[nom]

a challenge or circumstance, typically encountered while trying to reach a goal or finish something

problème, difficulté

Ex: She explained the difficulties she faced while moving to a new city .Elle a expliqué les **difficultés** qu'elle a rencontrées en déménageant dans une nouvelle ville.

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responsible

[Adjectif]

(of a person) having an obligation to do something or to take care of someone or something as part of one's job or role

responsable

Ex: Drivers should be responsible for following traffic laws and ensuring road safety .Les conducteurs doivent être **responsables** du respect des lois de la circulation et de la sécurité routière.

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responsibility

[nom]

the obligation to perform a particular duty or task that is assigned to one

responsabilité, obligation

Ex: Parents have the responsibility of providing a safe and nurturing environment for their children .Les parents ont la **responsabilité** de fournir un environnement sûr et nourrissant à leurs enfants.

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reliable

[Adjectif]

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

fiable

Ex: The reliable product has a reputation for durability and performance .Le produit **fiable** a une réputation de durabilité et de performance.

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reliability

[nom]

the level to which something or someone can be counted on

fiabilité

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capable

[Adjectif]

having the required quality or ability for doing something

capable, compétent

Ex: The capable doctor provides compassionate care and accurate diagnoses to her patients .Le médecin **compétent** prodigue des soins compatissants et des diagnostics précis à ses patients.

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capability

[nom]

the ability or potential of doing something or achieving a certain goal

capacité, aptitude

Ex: The athlete ’s capability to recover quickly after injury gave him a competitive edge .La **capacité** de l'athlète à récupérer rapidement après une blessure lui a donné un avantage compétitif.

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dependable

[Adjectif]

able to be relied on to do what is needed or asked of

sur lequel on peut compter, sur qui on peut compter

Ex: The dependable teacher provides consistent support and guidance to students .L'enseignant **fiable** fournit un soutien et des conseils constants aux élèves.

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dependability

[nom]

the quality of being reliable and trustworthy

fiabilité, sérieux

Ex: The dependability of the equipment was tested during the long-running experiment .La **fiabilité** de l'équipement a été testée pendant l'expérience de longue durée.

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disabled

[Adjectif]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

handicapé, infirme

Ex: The disabled worker excels in their job despite facing challenges related to their condition .Le travailleur **handicapé** excelle dans son travail malgré les défis liés à son état.

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disability

[nom]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

handicap, infirmité, incapacité

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .Le **handicap** ne devrait pas empêcher quelqu'un d'atteindre ses objectifs.

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fair

[Adjectif]

relatively large in number, amount, or size

bon, bonne, pas mal de

Ex: The job offer came with fair compensation and benefits .L'offre d'emploi est venue avec une **juste** compensation et des avantages.

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fairness

[nom]

the quality of being just or reasonable in treating people and situations

équité, impartialité

Ex: The politician ’s stance on fairness in healthcare resonated with many voters .La position du politicien sur **l'équité** dans les soins de santé a trouvé un écho auprès de nombreux électeurs.

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rebellious

[Adjectif]

(of a person) resistant to authority or control, often challenging established norms or rules

rebelle

Ex: The rebellious employee pushed back against restrictive corporate policies , advocating for more flexible work arrangements .L'employé **rebelle** a résisté aux politiques d'entreprise restrictives, plaidant pour des arrangements de travail plus flexibles.

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rebelliousness

[nom]

the act of intentionally refusing to obey social norms or authority often with a disrespectful attitude

rébellion, insoumission

Ex: He was punished for his rebelliousness after speaking out against the administration .Il a été puni pour son **esprit de rébellion** après avoir parlé contre l'administration.

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selfish

[Adjectif]

always putting one's interests first and not caring about the needs or rights of others

égoïste

Ex: The selfish politician prioritized their own agenda over the needs of their constituents .Le politicien **égoïste** a priorisé son propre programme plutôt que les besoins de ses électeurs.

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selfishness

[nom]

the quality or state of being excessively focused on oneself, one's own interests, or needs without regard for others.

égoïsme, égocentrisme

Ex: The child ’s selfishness was a cause of tension within the family .L'**égoïsme** de l'enfant était une source de tension au sein de la famille.

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strict

[Adjectif]

(of a person) inflexible and demanding that rules are followed precisely

strict

Ex: Despite her strict demeanor , she was fair and consistent in her enforcement of rules .Malgré son attitude **stricte**, elle était juste et cohérente dans l'application des règles.

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strictness

[nom]

the quality or characteristic of being uncompromising in enforcing rules, regulations, or standards

rigueur, sévérité

Ex: Some admired his strictness, while others found it intimidating .Certains admiraient sa **rigueur**, tandis que d'autres la trouvaient intimidante.

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generous

[Adjectif]

having a willingness to freely give or share something with others, without expecting anything in return

généreux

Ex: They thanked her for the generous offer to pay for the repairs .Ils l'ont remerciée pour l'offre **généreuse** de payer pour les réparations.

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generosity

[nom]

the quality of being kind, understanding and unselfish, especially in providing money or gifts to others

générosité

Ex: He was known for his generosity, often surprising friends and strangers with thoughtful gifts and acts of kindness .Il était connu pour sa **générosité**, surprenant souvent ses amis et des inconnus avec des cadeaux attentionnés et des actes de gentillesse.

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mature

[Adjectif]

fully-grown and physically developed

mûr

Ex: Her mature physique was graceful and poised , a result of years spent practicing ballet and yoga .Son physique **mature** était gracieux et posé, résultat de années passées à pratiquer le ballet et le yoga.

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maturity

[nom]

the period of being physically grown or developed

maturité

Ex: Over time , maturity helps individuals better manage personal and professional challenges .Avec le temps, la **maturité** aide les individus à mieux gérer les défis personnels et professionnels.

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mobile

[Adjectif]

not fixed and able to move or be moved easily or quickly

mobile

Ex: The mobile crane was used to lift heavy objects and transport them across the construction site .La grue **mobile** a été utilisée pour soulever des objets lourds et les transporter à travers le chantier de construction.

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mobility

[nom]

the ability to move easily or be freely moved from one place, job, etc. to another

mobilité

Ex: The region 's economic growth is partially due to the mobility of its labor force .La croissance économique de la région est en partie due à la **mobilité** de sa main-d'œuvre.

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secure

[Adjectif]

protected and free from any danger or risk

sûr, sécurisé

Ex: After double-checking the knots , the climber felt secure in his harness before ascending the cliff .Après avoir vérifié les nœuds, le grimpeur se sentait **en sécurité** dans son harnais avant de gravir la falaise.

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security

[nom]

the state of being protected or having protection against any types of danger

sécurité

Ex: National security measures were increased in response to the recent threats.Les mesures de **sécurité** nationale ont été renforcées en réponse aux menaces récentes.

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productive

[Adjectif]

producing desired results through effective and efficient use of time, resources, and effort

productif

Ex: Their productive collaboration resulted in a successful project .Leur collaboration **productive** a abouti à un projet réussi.

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productivity

[nom]

the state or condition of being productive, or the ability to produce or generate goods, services, or results efficiently and effectively

productivité, rendement

Ex: His productivity decreased when he started working late into the night .Sa **productivité** a diminué lorsqu'il a commencé à travailler tard dans la nuit.

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important

[Adjectif]

having a lot of value

important

Ex: The important issue at hand is ensuring the safety of the workers .Le problème **important** à résoudre est d'assurer la sécurité des travailleurs.

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importance

[nom]

the quality or state of being significant or having a strong influence on something

importance, valeur

Ex: This achievement holds great importance for the company 's future growth .Cette réalisation revêt une grande **importance** pour la croissance future de l'entreprise.

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significant

[Adjectif]

important or great enough to be noticed or have an impact

important

Ex: The company 's decision to expand into international markets was significant for its growth strategy .La décision de l'entreprise de s'étendre sur les marchés internationaux était **importante** pour sa stratégie de croissance.

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significance

[nom]

the state of being important or worthy of attention

importance, signification

Ex: She failed to understand the true significance of the warning .Elle n'a pas réussi à comprendre la véritable **importance** de l'avertissement.

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independent

[Adjectif]

able to do things as one wants without needing help from others

indépendant

Ex: The independent thinker challenges conventional wisdom and forges her own path in life .Le penseur **indépendant** défie la sagesse conventionnelle et forge son propre chemin dans la vie.

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independence

[nom]

the state of being free from the control of others

indépendance

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Beaucoup de gens aspirent à l'**indépendance** dans leur carrière, recherchant l'autosuffisance.

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lenient

[Adjectif]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

indulgent

Ex: In contrast to his strict predecessor , the new manager took a lenient approach to employee tardiness , focusing more on productivity than punctuality .Contrairement à son prédécesseur strict, le nouveau gestionnaire a adopté une approche **indulgente** envers les retards des employés, se concentrant davantage sur la productivité que sur la ponctualité.

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lenience

[nom]

the state of being patient and merciful

clémence, indulgence

Ex: She was grateful for her manager ’s lenience on the project deadline .Elle était reconnaissante pour la **clémence** de son manager concernant la date limite du projet.

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obedient

[Adjectif]

willing to follow rules or commands without resistance or hesitation

obéissant, soumis

Ex: The obedient servant carried out his master 's requests without hesitation .Le serviteur **obéissant** a exécuté les demandes de son maître sans hésitation.

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obedience

[nom]

the action of respecting or following the instructions of someone in authority

obéissance

Ex: The monks took vows of poverty , chastity , and obedience to their abbot .Les moines ont prononcé des vœux de pauvreté, de chasteté et d'**obéissance** envers leur abbé.

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to depend

[verbe]

to be based on or related with different things that are possible

dépendre

Ex: In team sports, victory often depends on the coordination and synergy among players.Dans les sports d'équipe, la victoire **dépend** souvent de la coordination et de la synergie entre les joueurs.

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dependence

[nom]

the condition of needing someone or something for support, aid, or survival

dépendance, assujettissement

Ex: Her dependence on her smartphone was affecting her productivity .Sa **dépendance** à son smartphone affectait sa productivité.

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dependency

[nom]

a situation in which someone or something depends on another for support, survival, or function

dépendance, subordination

Ex: Her emotional dependency was apparent in every decision she made , always seeking validation from her partner .Sa **dépendance** émotionnelle était évidente dans chaque décision qu'elle prenait, cherchant toujours la validation de son partenaire.

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to confide

[verbe]

to share personal thoughts, feelings, or information with someone in private

confier à

Ex: She confides in her sister about personal matters.Elle se **confie** à sa sœur pour les questions personnelles.

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confident

[Adjectif]

having a strong belief in one's abilities or qualities

sûr de soi, assuré, confiant

Ex: The teacher was confident about her students ' progress .L'enseignante était **confiante** quant aux progrès de ses élèves.

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confidently

[Adverbe]

in a manner that shows strong belief in one's own skills or qualities

en toute certitude

Ex: I confidently answered the question , knowing I was correct .J'ai répondu à la question **avec assurance**, sachant que j'avais raison.

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to consider

[verbe]

to think about or be influenced by other people's feelings before making a decision

tenir compte de

Ex: He carefully considers the feelings of others in every situation .Il **prend en compte** soigneusement les sentiments des autres dans chaque situation.

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considerate

[Adjectif]

thoughtful of others and their feelings

prévenant, attentionné, délicat, aimable

Ex: In a considerate act of kindness , the student shared his notes with a classmate who had missed a lecture due to illness .Dans un geste de gentillesse **attentionné**, l'étudiant a partagé ses notes avec un camarade de classe qui avait manqué un cours à cause d'une maladie.

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considerately

[Adverbe]

in a manner that shows one cares about feelings, needs, or rights of other people

avec considération, de manière attentionnée

Ex: She stepped aside considerately to let others pass .Elle s'est **considérément** écartée pour laisser les autres passer.

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to differentiate

[verbe]

to recognize the difference present between two people or things

faire la différence entre

Ex: The color scheme helped differentiate one design from another .Le schéma de couleurs a aidé à **différencier** un design d'un autre.

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different

[Adjectif]

not like another thing or person in form, quality, nature, etc.

différent

Ex: The book had a different ending than she expected .Le livre avait une fin **différente** de ce qu'elle attendait.

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difference

[nom]

the way that two or more people or things are different from each other

différence

Ex: He could n't see any difference between the two paintings ; they looked identical to him .Il ne pouvait voir aucune **différence** entre les deux peintures ; elles lui semblaient identiques.

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differentiation

[nom]

the act of setting someone or something apart from the others based on their individual traits

différenciation

Ex: Social differentiation leads to varying levels of status and privilege in society .La **différenciation** sociale conduit à des niveaux variables de statut et de privilège dans la société.

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to attract

[verbe]

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

attirer

Ex: The company implemented employee benefits to attract and retain top talent in the competitive job market .L'entreprise a mis en œuvre des avantages sociaux pour **attirer** et retenir les meilleurs talents sur le marché du travail concurrentiel.

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attractive

[Adjectif]

having features or characteristics that are pleasing

séduisant, attirant

Ex: The professor is not only knowledgeable but also has an attractive way of presenting complex ideas .Le professeur est non seulement compétent mais a aussi une manière **attrayante** de présenter des idées complexes.

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attraction

[nom]

a quality or feature of someone or something that evokes interest, liking, or desire in others

attrait, charme

Ex: The attraction of the job was the opportunity for career growth .L'**attraction** du poste était l'opportunité de progression de carrière.

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attractiveness

[nom]

the quality of being sexually appealing

beauté

Ex: His attractiveness was overshadowed by his rude behavior .Son **attrait** était éclipsé par son comportement grossier.

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impatient

[Adjectif]

unable to wait calmly for something or someone, often feeling irritated or frustrated

impatient

Ex: He ’s always impatient when it comes to slow internet connections .Il est toujours **impatient** quand il s'agit de connexions Internet lentes.

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impatiently

[Adverbe]

in a manner that shows eagerness or restlessness for something to happen quickly

impatiemment

Ex: We stared impatiently at the oven , willing the cookies to finish baking .

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impatience

[nom]

the feeling of being extremely annoyed by things not happening in their due time

impatience

Ex: He could n’t control his impatience, so he left early .Il ne pouvait pas contrôler son **impatience**, alors il est parti plus tôt.

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unfair

[Adjectif]

lacking fairness or justice in treatment or judgment

injuste, partial

Ex: She felt it was unfair that her hard work was n't recognized while others received promotions easily .Elle a trouvé **injuste** que son travail acharné ne soit pas reconnu alors que d'autres recevaient facilement des promotions.

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unfairness

[nom]

a situation or treatment that is not just or impartial and that puts someone at a disadvantage

injustice

Ex: He recognized the unfairness of the rule and spoke out .Il a reconnu **l'injustice** de la règle et s'est exprimé.

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unfairly

[Adverbe]

in a way that lacks justice or equality

injustement, de manière injuste

Ex: They argued that the law unfairly targets certain groups in society .Ils ont soutenu que la loi cible **injustement** certains groupes de la société.

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closeness

[nom]

the state of being near to something in terms of distance or time

proximité, voisinage

Ex: Closeness in time made it difficult to finish all the tasks .La **proximité** dans le temps a rendu difficile la réalisation de toutes les tâches.

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closely

[Adverbe]

without having a lot of space or time in between

de près, proche

Ex: The events in the conference are closely timed to ensure a smooth flow of presentations .Les événements de la conférence sont **étroitement** chronométrés pour assurer un déroulement fluide des présentations.

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[Adjectif]

sharing a strong and intimate bond

proche, intime

Ex: Their close relationship made them inseparable , both in good times and bad .Leur relation **étroite** les rendait inséparables, dans les bons comme dans les mauvais moments.

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happily

[Adverbe]

with cheerfulness and joy

gaiement, joyeusement

Ex: They chatted happily over coffee like old friends .Ils ont bavardé **joyeusement** autour d'un café comme de vieux amis.

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happy

[Adjectif]

emotionally feeling good or glad

heureux, feeling good or glad

Ex: The happy couple celebrated their anniversary with a romantic dinner .Le couple **heureux** a célébré son anniversaire avec un dîner romantique.

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happiness

[nom]

the feeling of being happy and well

bonheur

Ex: Finding balance in life is essential for overall happiness and well-being .Trouver un équilibre dans la vie est essentiel pour le bonheur et le bien-être général.

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Le livre Summit 1B - Unité 8 - Leçon 3