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Summit 1B - Unit 8 - Lesson 3

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 8 - Lesson 3 in the Summit 1B coursebook, such as "permission", "courteous", "frustrate", etc.

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Summit 1B
to expect
to expect
[Verb]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

Ex: The weather forecast led us to expect rain this weekend. 
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expectation

a belief about what is likely to happen in the future, often based on previous experiences or desires

Ex: Sarah had high expectations for her birthday party, but it turned out to be a small gathering with only a few friends. 
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to explain

to make something clear and easy to understand by giving more information about it

Ex: He explained the plot of the movie to his friend who hadn't seen it. 
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explanation

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

Ex: She gave a clear explanation of the new policy during the meeting. 
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to frustrate

to prevent someone from achieving success, particularly by nullifying their efforts

Ex: Unexpected obstacles can frustrate your plans and derail your progress. 
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frustration

the feeling of being impatient, annoyed, or upset because of being unable to do or achieve what is desired

Ex: His frustration was evident when his computer crashed in the middle of his work. 
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to permit
to permit
[Verb]

to allow something or someone to do something

Ex: The park permits visitors to bring their own food and drinks. 
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permission

the action of allowing someone to do a particular thing or letting something happen, particularly in an official way

Ex: Before accessing the restricted area, employees must obtain permission from their supervisor. 
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to develop

to change and become stronger or more advanced

Ex: The small startup has the potential to develop into a leading technology company. 
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development

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

Ex: The development of new technologies has transformed modern life. 
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to involve

to contain or include something as a necessary part

Ex: Any investment involves an element of risk. 
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involvement

the state of being part of something or having a connection with it

Ex: The teacher appreciated her involvement in class discussions. 
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courteous
courteous
[Adjective]

behaving with politeness and respect

Ex: The staff were exceptionally courteous throughout the event. 
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courtesy
courtesy
[noun]

a display of good manners and polite behavior toward other people

Ex: He greeted everyone with courtesy, holding the door open for others. 
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difficult
difficult
[Adjective]

needing a lot of work or skill to do, understand, or deal with

Ex: Solving complex mathematical equations can be difficult without a strong understanding of mathematical principles. 
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difficulty

a challenge or circumstance, typically encountered while trying to reach a goal or finish something

Ex: The Smiths experienced significant financial difficulty after unexpected medical expenses depleted their savings. 
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responsible
responsible
[Adjective]

(of a person) having an obligation to do something or to take care of someone or something as part of one's job or role

Ex: As the team leader, he is responsible for assigning tasks and ensuring deadlines are met. 
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responsibility

the obligation to perform a particular duty or task that is assigned to one

Ex: She accepted the responsibility of leading the project team. 
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reliable
reliable
[Adjective]

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

Ex: He's reliable, always delivering on his promises and consistently producing quality work. 
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reliability

the level to which something or someone can be counted on

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capable
capable
[Adjective]

having the ability or capacity to do something

Ex: She is capable of solving complex problems. 
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capability

the ability or potential of doing something or achieving a certain goal

Ex: The new software has the capability to process large amounts of data. 
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dependable
dependable
[Adjective]

able to be relied on to do what is needed or asked of

Ex: She's dependable, always coming through when needed and proving to be trustworthy in all situations. 
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dependability

the quality of being reliable and trustworthy

Ex: Her dependability at work earned her a promotion. 
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disabled
disabled
[Adjective]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

Ex: He uses a wheelchair to get around because he is disabled. 
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disability

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

Ex: He was born with a disability that affects his ability to walk. 
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fair
fair
[Adjective]

relatively large in number, amount, or size

Ex: The fair amount of rainfall this season has been beneficial for the crops. 
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fairness
fairness
[noun]

the quality of being just or reasonable in treating people and situations

Ex: He was admired for his sense of fairness in handling workplace disputes. 
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rebellious
rebellious
[Adjective]

(of a person) resistant to authority or control, often challenging established norms or rules

Ex: The rebellious teenager frequently clashed with their parents over curfews and household rules. 
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rebelliousness

the act of intentionally refusing to obey social norms or authority often with a disrespectful attitude

Ex: His rebelliousness against the school's dress code led to disciplinary action. 
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selfish
selfish
[Adjective]

always putting one's interests first and not caring about the needs or rights of others

Ex: She's so selfish; she never considers how her actions affect others. 
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selfishness

the quality or state of being excessively focused on oneself, one's own interests, or needs without regard for others.

Ex: His selfishness was evident when he refused to help his friends in need. 
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strict
strict
[Adjective]

(of a person) inflexible and demanding that rules are followed precisely

Ex: The strict teacher enforced a no-talking rule during tests. 
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strictness

the quality or characteristic of being uncompromising in enforcing rules, regulations, or standards

Ex: The teacher's strictness ensured that all students followed classroom rules. 
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generous
generous
[Adjective]

having a willingness to freely give or share something with others, without expecting anything in return

Ex: She's a generous donor, always contributing to charitable causes and helping those in need. 
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generosity

the quality of being kind, understanding and unselfish, especially in providing money or gifts to others

Ex: His generosity knew no bounds, as he donated large sums of money to various charities every year. 
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mature
mature
[Adjective]

fully-grown and physically developed

Ex: Despite her young age, she possessed a mature appearance, with features that belied her years. 
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maturity
maturity
[noun]

the period of being physically grown or developed

Ex: During maturity, individuals often reflect on their past experiences and strive for personal growth. 
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mobile
mobile
[Adjective]

not fixed and able to move or be moved easily or quickly

Ex: The mobile cart in the hospital made it easy for nurses to transport medical supplies. 
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mobility
mobility
[noun]

the ability to move easily or be freely moved from one place, job, etc. to another

Ex: Mobility in the workforce allows employees to find new job opportunities across industries. 
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secure
secure
[Adjective]

protected and free from any danger or risk

Ex: The bank vault is highly secure, with multiple layers of security measures in place. 
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security
security
[noun]

the state of being protected or having protection against any types of danger

Ex: The new alarm system improved the security of their home significantly. 
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productive
productive
[Adjective]

producing desired results through effective and efficient use of time, resources, and effort

Ex: The productive meeting resulted in several innovative solutions to the problem. 
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productivity

the state or condition of being productive, or the ability to produce or generate goods, services, or results efficiently and effectively

Ex: The team's productivity increased after implementing new project management tools. 
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important
important
[Adjective]

having a lot of value

Ex: Conserving water is important for the sustainable use of natural resources. 
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importance

the quality or state of being significant or having a strong influence on something

Ex: The importance of education cannot be overstated in shaping a person's future. 
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significant
significant
[Adjective]

important or great enough to be noticed or have an impact

Ex: The discovery of the ancient artifact was significant for understanding the region's history. 
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significance

the state of being important or worthy of attention

Ex: The significance of her research cannot be understated in the field of medicine. 
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independent
independent
[Adjective]

able to do things as one wants without needing help from others

Ex: She's an independent woman, capable of making her own decisions and taking care of herself. 
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independence

the state of being free from the control of others

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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lenient
lenient
[Adjective]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

Ex: The lenient teacher allowed students extra time to complete assignments if they had valid reasons for delays. 
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lenience
lenience
[noun]

the state of being patient and merciful

Ex: The teacher showed lenience when the students were late due to traffic. 
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obedient
obedient
[Adjective]

willing to follow rules or commands without resistance or hesitation

Ex: The obedient dog promptly obeyed its owner's commands. 
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obedience
obedience
[noun]

the action of respecting or following the instructions of someone in authority

Ex: The soldier's strict obedience to orders earned him a commendation. 
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to depend
to depend
[Verb]

to be based on or related with different things that are possible

Ex: The success of the project depends heavily on effective communication among team members. 
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dependence

the condition of needing someone or something for support, aid, or survival

Ex: His dependence on his parents for financial support lasted well into his twenties. 
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dependency

a situation in which someone or something depends on another for support, survival, or function

Ex: The child’s dependency on his mother is strong in the early years. 
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to confide

to share personal thoughts, feelings, or information with someone in private

Ex: She chose to confide in her best friend about her personal struggles. 
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confident
confident
[Adjective]

having a strong belief in one's abilities or qualities

Ex: He's confident about his decision to start a new business. 
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confidently
confidently
[Adverb]

in a manner that shows strong belief in one's own skills or qualities

Ex: He confidently entered the room, ready to give his presentation. 
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to consider

to think about or be influenced by other people's feelings before making a decision

Ex: Let's consider the feelings of our customers when making this decision. 
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considerate
considerate
[Adjective]

thoughtful of others and their feelings

Ex: Sarah's considerate nature was evident when she remembered to bring a gluten-free dessert for her friend's party, knowing about her dietary restrictions. 
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considerately

in a manner that shows one cares about feelings, needs, or rights of other people

Ex: She drives carefully and considerately. 
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to differentiate

to recognize the difference present between two people or things

Ex: The teacher helps her students differentiate between similar-sounding words by highlighting their distinct meanings and usage. 
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different
different
[Adjective]

not like another thing or person in form, quality, nature, etc.

Ex: He had a different perspective on the movie. 
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difference

the way that two or more people or things are different from each other

Ex: Can you explain the difference between these two models of smartphones? 
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differentiation

the act of setting someone or something apart from the others based on their individual traits

Ex: Differentiation in the workplace allows employees to develop unique skills based on their strengths. 
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to attract

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

Ex: The vibrant colors of the flowers attracted butterflies to the garden. 
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attractive
attractive
[Adjective]

having features or characteristics that are pleasing

Ex: Her confident and friendly personality makes her very attractive to others. 
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attraction

a quality or feature of someone or something that evokes interest, liking, or desire in others

Ex: Her kindness was a major attraction for everyone who met her. 
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attractiveness

the quality of being sexually appealing

Ex: His attractiveness was evident as soon as he entered the room. 
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impatient
impatient
[Adjective]

unable to wait calmly for something or someone, often feeling irritated or frustrated

Ex: The impatient driver honked their horn repeatedly in traffic. 
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impatiently
impatiently
[Adverb]

in a manner that shows eagerness or restlessness for something to happen quickly

Ex: The children waited impatiently by the window for the ice cream truck. 
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impatience

the feeling of being extremely annoyed by things not happening in their due time

Ex: His impatience grew as the meeting dragged on. 
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unfair
unfair
[Adjective]

lacking fairness or justice in treatment or judgment

Ex: It's unfair that some students get extra time on exams while others don't. 
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unfairness

a situation or treatment that is not just or impartial and that puts someone at a disadvantage

Ex: The unfairness of the decision angered the team. 
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unfairly
unfairly
[Adverb]

in a way that lacks justice or equality

Ex: She was unfairly passed over for promotion despite her excellent work. 
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closeness
closeness
[noun]

the state of being near to something in terms of distance or time

Ex: The closeness of the two buildings made it difficult to park. 
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closely
closely
[Adverb]

without having a lot of space or time in between

Ex: The two friends walked closely along the beach, engaged in a deep conversation. 
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close
close
[Adjective]

sharing a strong and intimate bond

Ex: They have a close friendship that has lasted for years. 
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happily
happily
[Adverb]

with cheerfulness and joy

Ex: The children played happily in the garden until sunset. 
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happy
happy
[Adjective]

emotionally feeling good or glad

Ex: He was happy when he got the job he had been hoping for. 
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happiness
happiness
[noun]

the feeling of being happy and well

Ex: The birth of their first child brought immense happiness to the young couple. 
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