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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 6-7) - History

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à l'Histoire qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
epoch
[nom]

a period of time in history or someone's life, during which significant events happen

époque, ère

époque, ère

Ex: The Civil Rights Movement was an epoch of profound social change and progress in the United States .Le mouvement des droits civiques a été une **époque** de profonds changements sociaux et de progrès aux États-Unis.

the study and writing of history, particularly the methods, interpretations, and principles used by historians to examine and interpret past events

historiographie, étude historiographique

historiographie, étude historiographique

Ex: The historiography of colonialism explores how historical events shaped power dynamics and cultural exchanges between colonizers and colonized .**L'historiographie** du colonialisme explore comment les événements historiques ont façonné les dynamiques de pouvoir et les échanges culturels entre les colonisateurs et les colonisés.
ice age
[nom]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

période glaciaire, ère glaciaire

période glaciaire, ère glaciaire

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that the ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .Les preuves géologiques suggèrent que **l'âge de glace** a façonné de nombreux paysages et écosystèmes actuels de la Terre.

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

l'âge de bronze

l'âge de bronze

Ex: Trade flourished during the Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .Le commerce a prospéré pendant **l'âge du bronze**, alors que les cultures échangeaient des objets en bronze, des idées et des innovations sur de vastes distances.

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

âge de pierre

âge de pierre

Ex: The transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age marked a significant technological and cultural shift in human history.La transition de **l'âge de pierre** à l'âge du bronze a marqué un changement technologique et culturel significatif dans l'histoire de l'humanité.

the era in European history commenced at the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 and lasted until AD 1000

Haut Moyen Âge

Haut Moyen Âge

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

âge du fer

âge du fer

Ex: The Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .**L'âge du fer** a apporté des changements dans les structures sociales et le commerce, le fer devenant une ressource précieuse et largement utilisée.
peasant
[nom]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

manant

manant

Ex: In many poorer countries , peasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .Dans de nombreux pays plus pauvres, les **paysans** continuent d'utiliser des méthodes agricoles traditionnelles transmises par leurs ancêtres.

the period between the 14th and 16th centuries in Europe, marked by a rise of interest in Greek and Roman cultures, which is dominant in the art, philosophy, etc. of the times

Renaissance

Renaissance

Ex: Florence is often considered the birthplace of the Renaissance due to its flourishing cultural and artistic environment .Florence est souvent considérée comme le berceau de la **Renaissance** en raison de son environnement culturel et artistique florissant.

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Moyen Âge

Moyen Âge

Ex: The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that struck Europe in the late Middle Ages, killing millions.La peste noire était une pandémie dévastatrice qui a frappé l'Europe à la fin du **Moyen Âge**, tuant des millions de personnes.

a transformative 16th-century movement challenging and reforming practices within Christianity, leading to the establishment of Protestant denominations

réforme, Réformation

réforme, Réformation

Ex: The Reformation significantly impacted the structure of worship, introducing changes in rituals and religious ceremonies.La **Réforme** a considérablement influencé la structure du culte, introduisant des changements dans les rituels et les cérémonies religieuses.

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

les Lumières

les Lumières

Ex: The Enlightenment had a profound impact on political thought, influencing the ideas of democracy and individual rights.**Les Lumières** ont eu un impact profond sur la pensée politique, influençant les idées de démocratie et de droits individuels.

the reinstatement of the monarchy in England, particularly the return of King Charles II to the throne in 1660

la Restauration, le rétablissement de la monarchie

la Restauration, le rétablissement de la monarchie

Ex: Charles II 's policies during the Restoration aimed at stabilizing the nation after years of political upheaval .Les politiques de Charles II pendant la **Restauration** visaient à stabiliser la nation après des années de bouleversements politiques.

the study of past events for the purpose of determining the order by which they occurred

chronologie

chronologie

medieval
[Adjectif]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

médiéval

médiéval

Ex: Medieval armor and weapons are displayed in the exhibit on chivalric knights .L'armure et les armes **médiévales** sont exposées dans l'exposition sur les chevaliers de la chevalerie.

the era in human history from which we have no written record

préhistoire

préhistoire

an event or stage that has a very important impact on the progress of something

étape importante, jalon

étape importante, jalon

Ex: The new law marks a milestone in environmental protection efforts .La nouvelle loi marque un **jalon** dans les efforts de protection de l'environnement.

a catastrophic event that results in widespread death and destruction

holocauste, catastrophe

holocauste, catastrophe

Ex: The environmental holocaust caused by the oil spill affected both wildlife and local communities .L'**holocauste** environnemental causé par la marée noire a affecté à la fois la faune et les communautés locales.
papyrus
[nom]

a manuscript or written record created on sheets of a plant material used in ancient Egypt for making paper-like scrolls and documents

papyrus, manuscrit sur papyrus

papyrus, manuscrit sur papyrus

Ex: Trade agreements and commercial transactions were documented on papyrus, providing valuable insights into ancient economies .Les accords commerciaux et les transactions commerciales étaient documentés sur du **papyrus**, fournissant des informations précieuses sur les économies anciennes.

a secular designation used to represent dates in the Gregorian calendar before the traditional reference point of the birth of Jesus Christ

AEC

AEC

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

génocide

génocide

Ex: Preventing genocide and atrocities is a critical goal of international human rights efforts .Prévenir le **génocide** et les atrocités est un objectif crucial des efforts internationaux en matière de droits de l'homme.

a war that is between people who are in the same country

guerre civile

guerre civile

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .Les **guerres civiles** résultent généralement de conflits internes liés à des différences politiques, sociales ou économiques au sein d'une nation.
anno Domini
[Adverbe]

used to refer to a date that is after the birth of Jesus Christ

apr. J.-C.

apr. J.-C.

Ex: The Renaissance, a period of cultural and intellectual flourishing, occurred in Europe from the 14th to the 17th centuries AD, leading to significant advancements in art, science, and philosophy.La Renaissance, une période d'épanouissement culturel et intellectuel, s'est produite en Europe du XIVe au XVIIe siècle **après Jésus-Christ**, conduisant à des avancées significatives dans l'art, la science et la philosophie.
before Christ
[Adverbe]

marking the years before Christ's supposed birth

av. J-C

av. J-C

Ex: The ancient city of Rome was traditionally founded in 753 BC.L'ancienne ville de Rome a été traditionnellement fondée en 753 **avant Jésus-Christ**.
Common Era
[Adverbe]

used with a date to refer to things happened or existed after the birth of Christ

EC

EC

Ex: The American Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776 CE.La Déclaration d'indépendance américaine a été adoptée le 4 juillet 1776 **de notre ère**.
Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 6-7)
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