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Nyelvészet - Linguistic Typology
Itt megtanulhat néhány angol szót a nyelvi tipológiával kapcsolatban, például "analitikus nyelv", "megosztott ergativitás" és "ideofon".
Áttekintés
Villámkártyák
Betűzés
Kvíz
a type of language that primarily relies on word order and function words to convey grammatical relationships, rather than inflections or word endings
analitikus nyelv, izoláló nyelv
a classification system used in linguistics to categorize languages based on their patterns of word formation and the ways in which they use affixes, inflections, and other morphological processes
morfológiai tipológia, morfológiai osztályozás
a type of language where words are formed by adding prefixes or suffixes to a base root, with each affix having a clear and consistent grammatical meaning
agglutináló nyelv, agglutináló nyelv
a type of language where words undergo internal changes, such as vowel changes or consonant modifications, to indicate grammatical relationships, such as tense, number, and case
fúziós nyelv, flextív nyelv
a type of language where the majority of words are composed of a single syllable
egyszótagú nyelv, monoszillabikus nyelv
a type of language in which grammatical relationships, such as tense, number, or case, are not explicitly indicated by the use of morphological markers or inflections
nulla jelölésű nyelv, jelölés nélküli nyelv
a group of languages that are believed to have descended from a common ancestral language
nyelvcsalád, nyelvi csoport
the process of analyzing and contrasting linguistic elements across different languages to identify similarities and differences
nyelvközi összehasonlítás, kontrasztív nyelvközi elemzés
the systematic association or correspondence between linguistic units, such as sounds, words, or grammatical structures, within a language or across languages
igazítás, szisztematikus megfelelés
a grammatical system where the subject of an intransitive verb (absolutive) is treated differently from the subject of a transitive verb (ergative), often found in languages that exhibit ergativity
ergatív-abszolutív igazítás, ergatív-abszolutív rendszer
a grammatical system where subjects of both transitive and intransitive verbs are treated alike, while objects are marked differently
nominatív-akkuzatív igazítás, nominatív-akkuzatív rendszer
a grammatical system distinguishing subjects based on volition, marking active agents differently from stative experiencers
aktív-statikus igazítás, aktív-statikus rendszer
the typological pattern of grammatical alignment found in languages belonging to the Austronesian language family
ausztronéz igazítás, az ausztronéz nyelvcsaládba tartozó nyelvekben található grammatikai igazítás tipológiai mintázata
the way in which grammatical markers and morphological processes interact with the syntax of a language to determine the alignment pattern between arguments and verb forms
morfo-szintaktikai igazítás, morfo-szintaktikai konfiguráció
a grammatical system in which the arguments of a verb are marked differently based on their grammatical role
hármas igazítás, hármas nyelvtani rendszer
a phenomenon in which a language exhibits a mixed pattern of ergative-absolutive alignment in some grammatical contexts and nominative-accusative alignment in others
megosztott ergativitás, szétválasztott ergativitás
a grammatical system where the subject of an intransitive verb (nominative) is treated similarly to the subject of a transitive verb (nominative), while the object of a transitive verb (absolutive) is marked differently
nominativ–abszolutív igazítás, nominativ–abszolutív rendszer
a type of grammatical system in which verbs are marked to indicate the semantic role relationships between the subject and object(s) of a sentence
közvetlen-inverz nyelv, közvetlen-inverz nyelvtani rendszer
a type of language that exhibits a particular alignment pattern in the marking of the object of a transitive verb
szekundatív nyelv, olyan típusú nyelv
a type of language where grammatical relationships between words are primarily marked on the dependent or non-head elements of a construction, rather than on the head or main element
függő jelölésű nyelv, a függő elem jelölésű nyelv
a type of language where grammatical relationships between words are primarily marked on the head or main elements of a construction, rather than on the dependents
fejjel jelölt nyelv, nyelv a fejen jelöléssel
a type of language where the subject of a sentence can be omitted or left unexpressed when it can be inferred from the context
nulla alanyú nyelv, pro-drop nyelv
a type of language in which words are constructed by combining multiple morphemes to express complex meanings
poliszintetikus nyelv, agglutináló nyelv
a type of word or linguistic form found in certain languages that vividly describes sensory perceptions or states, often related to sound, movement, color, or other sensory experiences
ideofon, szó
