Linguistik - Linguistic Typology

a type of language that primarily relies on word order and function words to convey grammatical relationships, rather than inflections or word endings

bahasa analitik, bahasa analisis

a classification system used in linguistics to categorize languages based on their patterns of word formation and the ways in which they use affixes, inflections, and other morphological processes

tipologi morfologi, klasifikasi morfologi

a type of language where words are formed by adding prefixes or suffixes to a base root, with each affix having a clear and consistent grammatical meaning

bahasa aglutinatif, bahasa agglutinasi

a type of language where words undergo internal changes, such as vowel changes or consonant modifications, to indicate grammatical relationships, such as tense, number, and case

bahasa fusi, bahasa fusional

a type of language where the majority of words are composed of a single syllable

bahasa monosilabis, bahasa satu suku kata

a type of language in which grammatical relationships, such as tense, number, or case, are not explicitly indicated by the use of morphological markers or inflections

bahasa penandaan nol, bahasa tanpa penanda morfologis

a group of languages that are believed to have descended from a common ancestral language

keluarga bahasa, grup bahasa

the process of analyzing and contrasting linguistic elements across different languages to identify similarities and differences

perbandingan antarbahasa, analisis perbandingan bahasa

the systematic association or correspondence between linguistic units, such as sounds, words, or grammatical structures, within a language or across languages

penyelarasan, korespondensi

a grammatical system where the subject of an intransitive verb (absolutive) is treated differently from the subject of a transitive verb (ergative), often found in languages that exhibit ergativity

penyelarasan ergatif-absolutif, sistem ergatif-absolutif

a grammatical system where the subject of an intransitive verb (nominative) is treated similarly to the subject of a transitive verb (nominative), while the object of a transitive verb (accusative) is marked differently, commonly found in languages that exhibit accusativity

penyelarasan nominatif-akkusatif, sistem nominatif-akkusatif

a grammatical system where verbs in a language are marked or behave differently based on whether the subject is considered volitional or agentive (active) or non-volitional or experiencer-like (stative), often found in languages that exhibit such semantic distinctions

penyelarasan aktif-statif, sistem penyelarasan aktif-statif

the typological pattern of grammatical alignment found in languages belonging to the Austronesian language family

penjajaran austronesia, penyesuaian austronesia

the way in which grammatical markers and morphological processes interact with the syntax of a language to determine the alignment pattern between arguments and verb forms

penyelarasan morfosintaktik, penyesuaian morfosintaktik

a grammatical system in which the arguments of a verb are marked differently based on their grammatical role

penyelarasan tripartit, penyelarasan tiga bagian

a phenomenon in which a language exhibits a mixed pattern of ergative-absolutive alignment in some grammatical contexts and nominative-accusative alignment in others

ergativitas terpisah, ergativitas parsial

a grammatical system where the subject of an intransitive verb (nominative) is treated similarly to the subject of a transitive verb (nominative), while the object of a transitive verb (absolutive) is marked differently

penyelarasan nominatif-absolutif, sistem nominatif-absolutif

a type of grammatical system in which verbs are marked to indicate the semantic role relationships between the subject and object(s) of a sentence

bahasa langsung-invers, sistem tata bahasa invers langsung

a type of language that exhibits a particular alignment pattern in the marking of the object of a transitive verb

bahasa sekunder

a type of language where grammatical relationships between words are primarily marked on the dependent or non-head elements of a construction, rather than on the head or main element

bahasa penandaan bergantung, bahasa bergantung

a type of language where grammatical relationships between words are primarily marked on the head or main elements of a construction, rather than on the dependents

bahasa penanda kepala, bahasa yang menandai pada kepala

a type of language where the subject of a sentence can be omitted or left unexpressed when it can be inferred from the context

bahasa subjek null, bahasa tanpa subjek

a type of language in which words are constructed by combining multiple morphemes to express complex meanings

bahasa polisintetik, bahasa polisine

a type of word or linguistic form found in certain languages that vividly describes sensory perceptions or states, often related to sound, movement, color, or other sensory experiences

ideofo, kata ideofonik