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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア5) - Crime

ここでは、基本的なアカデミックIELTS試験に必要な犯罪に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
crime
crime
[名詞]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

犯罪,  罪

犯罪, 罪

Ex: The police are investigating the crime that occurred last night. 
offense
offense
[名詞]

any act that is against a law

違反, 犯罪

違反, 犯罪

Ex: Shoplifting is considered a criminal offense in most countries. 
theft
theft
[名詞]

the illegal act of taking something from a place or person without permission

窃盗

窃盗

Ex: The police launched an investigation into the theft of expensive jewelry from the local boutique. 
fraud
fraud
[名詞]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

詐欺, 不正

詐欺, 不正

Ex: He was arrested for fraud after it was discovered that he had been falsifying financial records for years. 
assault
assault
[名詞]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

暴行, 攻撃

暴行, 攻撃

Ex: The police arrested the suspect for assault after he attacked a passerby on the street. 
treason
treason
[名詞]

the act of betraying one's country by rebelling against its government

反逆, 大逆罪

反逆, 大逆罪

Ex: He was charged with treason for conspiring to overthrow the government. 
harassment
harassment
[名詞]

the act of subjecting someone to repeated and unwanted attacks, criticism, or other forms of harmful behavior

嫌がらせ, ハラスメント

嫌がらせ, ハラスメント

Ex: She reported her coworker for repeated harassment in the office. 
to kidnap
to kidnap
[動詞]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

誘拐する, 拉致する

誘拐する, 拉致する

Ex: The criminals planned to kidnap the CEO's daughter for a ransom. 
vandalism
vandalism
[名詞]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

破壊行為

破壊行為

Ex: After the vandalism of the public library, the community came together to clean and restore the damaged areas. 
bribery
bribery
[名詞]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

賄賂,  汚職

賄賂, 汚職

Ex: The politician was accused of bribery after it was revealed that he accepted money to influence his decisions. 
suspect
suspect
[名詞]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

容疑者

容疑者

Ex: The police arrested the suspect after matching his fingerprints to the crime scene. 
murder
murder
[名詞]

the crime of ending a person's life deliberately

殺人

殺人

Ex: The detective was called to investigate a murder that had shocked the small town. 
robbery
robbery
[名詞]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

強盗, 窃盗

強盗, 窃盗

Ex: The bank was the target of a robbery, with the thieves escaping with a large sum of money. 
victim
victim
[名詞]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

犠牲者

犠牲者

Ex: The victim of the robbery was left shaken but unharmed after the ordeal. 
accomplice
accomplice
[名詞]

someone who helps another to commit a crime or do a wrongdoing

共犯者, 協力者

共犯者, 協力者

Ex: The gang members were all charged as accomplices in the drug trafficking operation. 
blackmail
blackmail
[名詞]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

恐喝, 強要

恐喝, 強要

Ex: She was a victim of blackmail after someone threatened to expose her personal emails. 
terrorism
terrorism
[名詞]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

テロリズム

テロリズム

Ex: Terrorism poses a significant challenge to global security and stability. 
to steal
to steal
[動詞]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

盗む, 奪う

盗む, 奪う

Ex: She steals cookies from the jar when no one is looking. 
to rob
to rob
[動詞]

to take something from an organization, place, etc. without their consent, or with force

奪う, 強奪する

奪う, 強奪する

Ex: The masked intruder attempted to rob the convenience store at gunpoint. 
assault
assault
[名詞]

an act of crime in which someone physically attacks another person

暴行, 攻撃

暴行, 攻撃

Ex: The police arrested the suspect for assault after he attacked a passerby on the street. 
to murder
to murder
[動詞]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

殺害する, 殺人を犯す

殺害する, 殺人を犯す

Ex: The prosecutor accused the defendant of plotting to murder the victim. 
to persecute
to persecute
[動詞]

to treat someone unfairly or cruelly, often because of their race, gender, religion, or beliefs

迫害する, 虐待する

迫害する, 虐待する

Ex: The government persecuted religious minorities, restricting their rights and freedoms. 
to defraud
to defraud
[動詞]

to illegally obtain money or property from someone by tricking them

騙す, 詐欺をする

騙す, 詐欺をする

Ex: The scammer defrauded unsuspecting individuals by convincing them to invest in a fraudulent scheme. 
to bribe
to bribe
[動詞]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

賄賂を贈る, 買収する

賄賂を贈る, 買収する

Ex: Businesses were fined for attempting to bribe government officials for favorable contracts. 
to harass
to harass
[動詞]

to subject someone to aggressive pressure or intimidation, often causing distress or discomfort

嫌がらせをする, 悩ませる

嫌がらせをする, 悩ませる

Ex: The employee filed a complaint against a coworker who continued to harass them. 
to manipulate

to control or influence someone cleverly for personal gain or advantage

操作する, 影響を与える

操作する, 影響を与える

Ex: The con artist manipulated his victims into giving him their money by playing on their emotions. 
to rape
to rape
[動詞]

to force someone to have sex against their will, particularly by using violence or threatening them

レイプする, 強姦する

レイプする, 強姦する

Ex: It is crucial for law enforcement to investigate cases promptly when someone is accused of raping another individual. 
to commit
to commit
[動詞]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

犯す, 行う

犯す, 行う

Ex: He was arrested for attempting to commit fraud by falsifying financial documents. 
to terrorize
to terrorize
[動詞]

to force someone to act or obey by instilling intense fear, often through threats or violence

恐怖に陥れる, 威嚇する

恐怖に陥れる, 威嚇する

Ex: The dictator used his army to terrorize the population into submission. 
to confess
to confess
[動詞]

to admit, especially to the police or legal authorities, that one has committed a crime or has done something wrong

自白する, 認める

自白する, 認める

Ex: The suspect decided to confess to the crime during the police interrogation. 
to vandalize
to vandalize
[動詞]

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

破壊する, 故意に損傷を与える

破壊する, 故意に損傷を与える

Ex: The park was closed temporarily for repairs after vandals had vandalized the playground equipment. 
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