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ACT 科学 - 生化学と細胞構造
ここでは、ACTで成功するのに役立つ「核」、「脂質」、「酵素」など、生化学と細胞構造に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。
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a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber
セルロース, 食物繊維
a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks
フルクトース, 果糖
a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms
グルコース
a short chain of amino acids linked together, which can function as a building block for proteins or act as a signaling molecule in the body
ペプチド, アミノ酸の短い鎖
a type of pigment found in plants, algae, and some bacteria, responsible for bright red, yellow, and orange colors and important for photosynthesis and antioxidant activity
カロテノイド, カロテノイド色素
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
酵素
the entire set of proteins expressed by a cell, tissue, or organism at a specific time under defined conditions
プロテオーム, タンパク質の完全なセット
a molecule that forms the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
ヌクレオチド
a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed
単糖
a fundamental compound derived from glutamic acid, integral to biological functions and known for its role as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
グルタミン酸塩, グルタミン酸から派生した基本的な化合物で、生物学的機能に不可欠であり、中枢神経系における神経伝達物質としての役割で知られている
a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances
抗酸化物質
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
脂質, 脂肪
relating to or characteristic of mitochondria, which are organelles found in cells responsible for energy production
ミトコンドリアの、ミトコンドリアに関する
the gel-like, semifluid substance within a cell that surrounds the organelles, providing a medium for cellular activities, including metabolism, transport of substances, and support for cellular structures
細胞質, 細胞質物質
a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process
クロロフィル, 緑色色素
a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism
膜, 薄膜
a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts
組織, 細胞組織
a cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell, consisting of a stack of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae
ゴルジ装置, ゴルジ複合体
a tiny structure within cells that assembles proteins by reading the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA
リボソーム
a small, enzyme-filled sac in a cell that breaks down waste materials and unwanted substances
リソソーム, 酵素で満たされた小胞
a cell organelle in plants, fungi, and some protists that stores nutrients, manages waste, and helps maintain cell pressure
液胞, 小胞
(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information
核, ヌクレウス
a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis
葉緑体, 光合成器官
a network of protein fibers in a cell that gives it shape, supports its structure, and aids in movement
細胞骨格, サイトスケルトン
a branch of biology concerning the scientific study of the form and structure of an organism including plants and animals
形態学, 生物の形態と構造の科学的研究
a specialized, membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions, contributing to the cell's overall structure and function
細胞小器官, オルガネラ
a layer of actively dividing cells in plants, responsible for secondary growth by producing new xylem and phloem tissues
形成層, 分裂組織
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