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Słownictwo do IELTS Academic (Wynik 8-9) - Crime

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
insurrection
insurrection
[Rzeczownik]

a violent uprising or rebellion against authority, government, or established order

powstanie, bunt

powstanie, bunt

Ex: The history books recount the insurrection led by revolutionaries seeking independence from colonial rule. 
misdemeanor
misdemeanor
[Rzeczownik]

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

wykroczenie, przestępstwo

wykroczenie, przestępstwo

Ex: She was charged with a misdemeanor for trespassing on private property. 
to counterfeit
to counterfeit
[Czasownik]

to make a false copy of something with the intent to deceive

fałszować, podrabiać

fałszować, podrabiać

Ex: He was caught trying to counterfeit the signatures on the documents. 
witness tampering
witness tampering
[Rzeczownik]

the act of unlawfully influencing or intimidating a witness in a legal case

fałszowanie zeznań świadka, wywieranie wpływu na świadka

fałszowanie zeznań świadka, wywieranie wpływu na świadka

Ex: The defendant was charged with witness tampering after attempting to intimidate a key witness into changing their testimony. 
cold case
cold case
[Rzeczownik]

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

niewyjaśniona sprawa, cold case

niewyjaśniona sprawa, cold case

Ex: The detective was assigned to the cold case unit, focusing on unsolved crimes that had gone inactive for years. 
vigilante
vigilante
[Rzeczownik]

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

członek straży obywatelskiej, samozwańczy sędzia

członek straży obywatelskiej, samozwańczy sędzia

Ex: In the absence of effective law enforcement, some residents formed a vigilante group to combat rising crime in their neighborhood. 
forgery
forgery
[Rzeczownik]

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

fałszerstwo

fałszerstwo

Ex: The suspect was charged with forgery after he tried to cash in a fake check. 
alibi
alibi
[Rzeczownik]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

alibi

Ex: The suspect's alibi placed him at a restaurant with friends at the time of the crime. 
felony
felony
[Rzeczownik]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

zbrodnia, felonia

zbrodnia, felonia

Ex: Tax evasion is a felony offense that can lead to substantial fines and imprisonment if convicted. 
tort
tort
[Rzeczownik]

a civil wrong causing harm, not a crime

delikt cywilny, czyn niedozwolony

delikt cywilny, czyn niedozwolony

Ex: The injured party filed a lawsuit, alleging the tort of negligence after a car accident. 
to trespass
to trespass
[Czasownik]

to enter someone's land or building without permission

wtargnąć, wejść bez pozwolenia

wtargnąć, wejść bez pozwolenia

Ex: Despite the warning signs, he chose to trespass onto the private property, ignoring the owner's rights. 
embezzlement
embezzlement
[Rzeczownik]

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

defraudacja, sprzeniewierzenie

defraudacja, sprzeniewierzenie

Ex: The accountant was found guilty of embezzlement after diverting company funds into personal accounts for several years. 
battery
battery
[Rzeczownik]

the intentional and unlawful physical contact or harm inflicted on another person

pobicie, uszkodzenie ciała

pobicie, uszkodzenie ciała

Ex: The suspect was arrested and charged with battery for physically assaulting a bystander during the altercation. 
extortion
extortion
[Rzeczownik]

the criminal act of obtaining money, property, or services from someone through coercion, threats, or intimidation

wymuszenie, szantaż

wymuszenie, szantaż

Ex: The gang was arrested for extortion after threatening local shopkeepers. 
delinquency
delinquency
[Rzeczownik]

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

przestępczość, przestępczość nieletnich

przestępczość, przestępczość nieletnich

Ex: Juvenile delinquency refers to illegal or antisocial behavior by minors, often leading to intervention by the juvenile justice system. 
recidivism
recidivism
[Rzeczownik]

the tendency of a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense to reoffend, leading to their re-arrest, reconviction, or return to criminal behavior

recydywa

recydywa

Ex: The high rate of recidivism among certain offenders prompted a reevaluation of rehabilitation strategies. 
thug
thug
[Rzeczownik]

a violent and criminal gang or an individual who engages in brutal and aggressive behavior

chuligan, gangster

chuligan, gangster

Ex: The neighborhood experienced increased crime rates due to the presence of thug gangs engaging in illicit activities. 
mobster
mobster
[Rzeczownik]

a member of a criminal organization, often involved in organized crime such as racketeering, extortion, and other illicit activities

mafioso, gangster

mafioso, gangster

Ex: The police conducted a raid on a known mobster's hideout, resulting in several arrests. 
gangland
gangland
[Rzeczownik]

the environment or territory associated with criminal gangs, particularly those engaged in organized crime, violence, and illicit activities

świat przestępczy, terytorium gangów

świat przestępczy, terytorium gangów

Ex: Law enforcement increased patrols in the gangland areas to address rising crime rates. 
to loot
to loot
[Czasownik]

to illegally obtain or exploit copyrighted or patented material for personal gain

rabować, kraść

rabować, kraść

Ex: The company discovered that a competitor had looted their proprietary software code and was selling a similar product under a different name. 
libel
libel
[Rzeczownik]

a published false statement that damages a person's reputation

zniesławienie, oszczerstwo

zniesławienie, oszczerstwo

Ex: The celebrity sued the tabloid for libel after it published false and damaging statements about her personal life. 
to collude
to collude
[Czasownik]

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

konspirować, zmawiać się

konspirować, zmawiać się

Ex: The two companies were found to have colluded to inflate prices and eliminate competition in the market. 
to poach
to poach
[Czasownik]

to illegally hunt, catch, or fish on another person's property or in prohibited areas

kłusować, nielegalnie polować

kłusować, nielegalnie polować

Ex: The authorities apprehended a group of individuals who were attempting to poach endangered species in the wildlife sanctuary. 
to pilfer
to pilfer
[Czasownik]

to steal small quantities or insignificant items

kraść, zwędzić

kraść, zwędzić

Ex: The pickpocket skillfully pilfered wallets from unsuspecting commuters in the crowded subway. 
to appropriate
to appropriate
[Czasownik]

to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

przywłaszczać, odwracać

przywłaszczać, odwracać

Ex: The employee was fired for appropriating company funds for personal expenses. 
to con
to con
[Czasownik]

to deceive someone in order to deprive them of something, such as money, property, or information

oszukiwać, kantować

oszukiwać, kantować

Ex: The scammer conned elderly individuals into giving them their life savings by posing as a bank representative over the phone. 
to perjure
to perjure
[Czasownik]

to lie in a court of law after officially swearing to tell the truth

krzywoprzysięgać, kłamać pod przysięgą

krzywoprzysięgać, kłamać pod przysięgą

Ex: It is morally wrong to perjure oneself in court, as it undermines the pursuit of justice. 
to bootleg
to bootleg
[Czasownik]

to sell or distribute illicit products, such as drugs, alcohol, or counterfeit goods

fałszować, sprzedawać nielegalnie

fałszować, sprzedawać nielegalnie

Ex: He was arrested for bootlegging illegal substances. 
to swindle
to swindle
[Czasownik]

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

oszukiwać, kantować

oszukiwać, kantować

Ex: The con artist swindled unsuspecting investors out of millions of dollars by promising high returns on fake investments. 
to despoil
to despoil
[Czasownik]

to take valuables by force

plądrować, grabić

plądrować, grabić

Ex: The invading army despoiled the village of all its treasures. 
to forge
to forge
[Czasownik]

to create a fake copy or imitation of something

fałszować, podrabiać

fałszować, podrabiać

Ex: He tried to forge the artist's signature on the painting to sell it at a higher price. 
to extort
to extort
[Czasownik]

to illegally obtain money, property, or services from someone through threat of harm or force

wymuszać, zdobywać siłą

wymuszać, zdobywać siłą

Ex: Mobsters were known to extort "protection money" from shop owners by threatening violence if they didn't pay up. 
to perpetrate
to perpetrate
[Czasownik]

to commit a harmful, illegal, or immoral act, such as a crime or an offense

popełniać, dokonywać

popełniać, dokonywać

Ex: The investigation revealed a network of individuals who conspired to perpetrate fraud against the company. 
to hijack
to hijack
[Czasownik]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

uprowadzać, przejmować

uprowadzać, przejmować

Ex: Pirates tried to hijack the cargo ship, hoping to steal valuable goods for resale. 
to carjack
to carjack
[Czasownik]

to forcibly steal a vehicle from its driver, often involving threats or violence

kraść samochód, zabierać samochód siłą

kraść samochód, zabierać samochód siłą

Ex: In a daring act of crime, the thieves attempted to carjack a luxury sedan at gunpoint in broad daylight. 
to incriminate
to incriminate
[Czasownik]

to provide evidence or information that suggests a person's involvement in a crime or wrongdoing

oskarżać,  obwiniać

oskarżać, obwiniać

Ex: The witness hesitated to testify, fearing that any statement might inadvertently incriminate them in the ongoing investigation. 
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