Akademicki IELTS (Pasmo 8 i Wyżej) - Crime

a violent uprising or rebellion against authority, government, or established order

powstanie, bunt

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

wykroczenie, mniejsze przestępstwo

to make a false copy of something with the intent to deceive

fałszować, podrabiać

the act of unlawfully influencing or intimidating a witness in a legal case

manipulacja świadkiem, szantaż świadka

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

zimna sprawa, niewyjaśniona sprawa

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

vigilante, grupa vigilante

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

fałszerstwo, podrobienie

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

alibi

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

ciężkie przestępstwo, zbrodnia

a civil wrong causing harm, not a crime

delikt, niewłaściwe zachowanie

to enter someone's land or building without permission

naruszyć, wtargnąć

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

sprzeniewierzenie, embezzlement

the intentional and unlawful physical contact or harm inflicted on another person

napaść, agresja

a crime where someone forces another person to give them money or valuable things by threatening or intimidating them

wymuszenie, szantaż

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

dyskrynacja młodzieży, przestępczość nieletnich

the tendency of a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense to reoffend, leading to their re-arrest, reconviction, or return to criminal behavior

recydywa

a violent and criminal gang or an individual who engages in brutal and aggressive behavior

bandyta, gangster

a member of a criminal organization, often involved in organized crime such as racketeering, extortion, and other illicit activities

mafioso, przestępca

the environment or territory associated with criminal gangs, particularly those engaged in organized crime, violence, and illicit activities

terytorium gangów, teren przestępczy

to illegally obtain or exploit copyrighted or patented material for personal gain

rabować, kradnąć

a published false statement that damages a person's reputation

oszczerstwo, zniesławienie

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

spiskować, koludować

to illegally hunt, catch, or fish on another person's property or in prohibited areas

kłusować, nielegalnie łowić

to steal small quantities or insignificant items

kradnąć, zabierać

to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

przywłaszczyć, usurpowac

to deceive someone in order to deprive them of something, such as money, property, or information

oszukiwać, naciągać

to lie in a court of law after officially swearing to tell the truth

kłamać pod przysięgą, złożyć fałszywą przysięgę

to produce, distribute, or sell illicit or unauthorized goods

przemycać, produkcja nielegalna

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

oszukiwać, naciągać

to take valuables by force, often resulting in destruction or damage

rabować, grabić

to create a fake copy or imitation of something

fałszować, podrabiać

to illegally obtain money, property, or services from someone through threat of harm or force

wymuszać, szantażować

to commit a harmful, illegal, or immoral act, such as a crime or an offense

popełnić, zrealizować

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

porwać, hijackować

to forcibly steal a vehicle from its driver, often involving threats or violence

ukraść samochód, zaatakować kierowcę w celu kradzieży samochodu

to provide evidence or information that suggests a person's involvement in a crime or wrongdoing

obciążyć, oskarżyć