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IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - Crime

在这里,你将学习一些与犯罪相关的英语单词,这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
insurrection
[名词]

a violent uprising or rebellion against authority, government, or established order

起义, 叛乱

起义, 叛乱

Ex: The leaders of the failed insurrection faced charges of sedition and conspiracy against the state .失败的**起义**领导人面临煽动叛乱和阴谋反对国家的指控。
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misdemeanor
[名词]

an action that is considered wrong or unacceptable yet not very serious

轻罪, 不法行为

轻罪, 不法行为

Ex: Public intoxication is often classified as a misdemeanor, leading to a night in jail or a minor fine .公共醉酒通常被归类为**轻罪**,导致一晚的监禁或小额罚款。
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to make a false copy of something with the intent to deceive

伪造, 仿造

伪造, 仿造

Ex: He was arrested for counterfeiting passports .他因**伪造**护照而被捕。
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the act of unlawfully influencing or intimidating a witness in a legal case

证人干扰, 篡改证人证言

证人干扰, 篡改证人证言

Ex: The investigation revealed multiple instances of witness tampering, leading to additional charges against the accused .调查揭示了多起**证人干扰**案例,导致对被告的额外指控。
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cold case
[名词]

a criminal investigation that has remained unsolved for a significant period and lacks recent investigative leads

悬案, 冷案

悬案, 冷案

Ex: Despite being a cold case for over twenty years , the investigation gained renewed attention after a true crime podcast featured the unsolved mystery .尽管这是一个超过二十年的**悬案**,但在一个真实犯罪播客报道了这个未解之谜后,调查重新获得了关注。
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vigilante
[名词]

an individual or group of individuals who take the law into their own hands, acting outside the legal system to enforce their version of justice or address perceived wrongs

治安维护者, 义务警员

治安维护者, 义务警员

Ex: Frustrated by a series of unsolved crimes, a few individuals formed a vigilante posse to track down the perpetrators.对一系列未解决的犯罪感到沮丧,几个人组成了一个**自警团**来追查肇事者。
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forgery
[名词]

the criminal act of making a copy of a document, money, etc. to do something illegal

伪造

伪造

Ex: The signature on the document was determined to be a forgery after forensic analysis .经过法医分析,文件上的签名被确定为**伪造**。
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alibi
[名词]

proof that indicates a person was somewhere other than the place where a crime took place and therefore could not have committed it

不在场证明

不在场证明

Ex: Her alibi of attending a family gathering was corroborated by multiple family members .她参加家庭聚会的**不在场证明**得到了多位家庭成员的证实。
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felony
[名词]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

重罪, 重刑罪

重罪, 重刑罪

Ex: His criminal record showed multiple felonies, making it difficult for him to find employment after his release from prison .他的犯罪记录显示有多项**重罪**,这使他在出狱后很难找到工作。
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tort
[名词]

a civil wrong causing harm, not a crime

民事侵权行为, 民事过失

民事侵权行为, 民事过失

Ex: The manufacturer was held liable for the tort of strict product liability after a defective product caused injuries .在缺陷产品造成伤害后,制造商被判定对严格产品责任的**侵权行为**负责。
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to trespass
[动词]

to enter someone's land or building without permission

侵入, 擅自进入

侵入, 擅自进入

Ex: The homeowner pressed charges against the individuals for trespassing on their land without permission.房主对未经许可**侵入**其土地的个人提出了指控。
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embezzlement
[名词]

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

挪用公款, 贪污

挪用公款, 贪污

Ex: Conviction for embezzlement can result in severe penalties , including imprisonment , fines , and restitution to the victims .对**挪用公款**的定罪可能导致严厉的处罚,包括监禁、罚款和对受害者的赔偿。
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battery
[名词]

the intentional and unlawful physical contact or harm inflicted on another person

殴打, 人身伤害

殴打, 人身伤害

Ex: Law enforcement officers intervened to prevent the escalation of a domestic dispute that had the potential for battery.执法人员介入以防止家庭纠纷升级,该纠纷有潜在的**暴力**。
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extortion
[名词]

a crime where someone forces another person to give them money or valuable things by threatening or intimidating them

勒索, 敲诈

勒索, 敲诈

Ex: Extortion of additional funds from prior victims continued when the thief threatened to expose private details .当小偷威胁要曝光私人细节时,对先前受害者的额外资金的**勒索**仍在继续。
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delinquency
[名词]

a minor crime or misdeed, especially of a young person

犯罪, 青少年犯罪

犯罪, 青少年犯罪

Ex: Chronic delinquency in adolescence can sometimes predict continued criminal behavior into adulthood , highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies .青春期的慢性**犯罪**有时可以预测成年后的持续犯罪行为,这凸显了有效预防策略的必要性。
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recidivism
[名词]

the tendency of a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense to reoffend, leading to their re-arrest, reconviction, or return to criminal behavior

累犯

累犯

Ex: Nonprofit organizations focused on reducing recidivism by offering support and mentorship to individuals upon their release from prison .非营利组织通过为个人出狱后提供支持和指导,专注于减少**累犯**。
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thug
[名词]

a violent and criminal gang or an individual who engages in brutal and aggressive behavior

暴徒, 歹徒

暴徒, 歹徒

Ex: The community organized a neighborhood watch to protect residents from the threat of local thugs.社区组织了一个邻里守望计划,以保护居民免受当地**暴徒**的威胁。
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mobster
[名词]

a member of a criminal organization, often involved in organized crime such as racketeering, extortion, and other illicit activities

黑帮成员, 歹徒

黑帮成员, 歹徒

Ex: The mobster faced charges of racketeering , money laundering , and other organized crime activities .**黑帮分子**面临敲诈勒索、洗钱和其他有组织犯罪活动的指控。
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gangland
[名词]

the environment or territory associated with criminal gangs, particularly those engaged in organized crime, violence, and illicit activities

黑社会, 帮派领地

黑社会, 帮派领地

Ex: The city implemented social initiatives to provide alternatives for youth susceptible to recruitment into gangland activities .该市实施了社会倡议,为易受招募参与**黑社会**活动的青年提供替代方案。
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to loot
[动词]

to illegally obtain or exploit copyrighted or patented material for personal gain

掠夺, 盗窃

掠夺, 盗窃

Ex: The artist 's designs were looted by counterfeiters who mass-produced knockoff products and sold them at a fraction of the price .艺术家的设计被大规模生产仿制品并以低价出售的造假者**掠夺**了。
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libel
[名词]

a published false statement that damages a person's reputation

诽谤, 诋毁

诽谤, 诋毁

Ex: The court ruled in favor of the plaintiff , awarding damages for the emotional distress and financial loss caused by the libel.法院裁定原告胜诉,判给因诽谤造成的精神痛苦和经济损失的赔偿。
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to collude
[动词]

‌to cooperate secretly or illegally for deceiving other people

共谋, 勾结

共谋, 勾结

Ex: The competitors were suspected of colluding to divide up contracts and stifle competition in the industry .竞争对手被怀疑**勾结**以瓜分合同并扼杀行业竞争。
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to poach
[动词]

to illegally hunt, catch, or fish on another person's property or in prohibited areas

偷猎, 非法捕猎

偷猎, 非法捕猎

Ex: Rangers caught individuals using prohibited nets to poach crabs in the ecologically sensitive mangrove area .护林员抓获了在生态敏感的紅樹林地区使用禁用网**偷猎**螃蟹的个人。
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to pilfer
[动词]

to steal small quantities or insignificant items

偷窃, 扒窃

偷窃, 扒窃

Ex: The cat burglar managed to pilfer jewelry from several upscale residences .猫贼成功地从几处高档住宅中**窃取**了珠宝。
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to take something for one's own use, especially illegally or without the owner's permission

挪用, 盗用

挪用, 盗用

Ex: The artist was accused of appropriating cultural symbols without understanding their significance .这位艺术家被指控在不理解其意义的情况下**挪用**文化符号。
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to con
[动词]

to deceive someone in order to deprive them of something, such as money, property, or information

欺骗, 诈骗

欺骗, 诈骗

Ex: The street magician conned passersby with sleight of hand tricks , making them believe he had supernatural abilities .街头魔术师用巧妙的手法**骗**过了路人,让他们相信他有超自然的能力。
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to perjure
[动词]

to lie in a court of law after officially swearing to tell the truth

作伪证, 在宣誓后说谎

作伪证, 在宣誓后说谎

Ex: The judge warned the jury about the consequences of asking witnesses to perjure during the trial .法官警告陪审团关于要求证人在审判期间**作伪证**的后果。
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to bootleg
[动词]

to produce, distribute, or sell illicit or unauthorized goods

非法生产, 非法分销

非法生产, 非法分销

Ex: Authorities arrested a group of individuals attempting to bootleg a new designer drug , which had recently been classified as illegal .当局逮捕了一群试图**非法制造**一种最近被列为非法的新型设计药物的人。
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to swindle
[动词]

to use deceit in order to deprive someone of their money or other possessions

诈骗, 欺骗

诈骗, 欺骗

Ex: Do n't fall victim to schemes that promise unrealistic returns but ultimately swindle you out of your hard-earned money .不要成为那些承诺不切实际回报但最终**诈骗**你辛苦赚来的钱的计划的受害者。
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to despoil
[动词]

to take valuables by force, often resulting in destruction or damage

掠夺, 抢劫

掠夺, 抢劫

Ex: The invaders ' primary objective was to despoil the enemy 's resources , leaving their infrastructure in shambles .入侵者的主要目的是**掠夺**敌人的资源,使他们的基础设施成为废墟。
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to forge
[动词]

to create a fake copy or imitation of something

伪造, 仿造

伪造, 仿造

Ex: She was arrested for attempting to forge documents .她因试图**伪造**文件而被捕。
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to extort
[动词]

to illegally obtain money, property, or services from someone through threat of harm or force

勒索, 强行获取

勒索, 强行获取

Ex: Police suspected the hacker extorted bank account numbers and passwords from vulnerable victims using frightenting hoax messages .警方怀疑黑客使用可怕的恶作剧信息从脆弱的受害者那里**勒索**银行账号和密码。
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to commit a harmful, illegal, or immoral act, such as a crime or an offense

犯, 实施

犯, 实施

Ex: The media coverage highlighted the heinous acts perpetrated by the gang in the city .媒体报道突出了该团伙在城内**犯下**的滔天罪行。
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to hijack
[动词]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

劫持, 劫机

劫持, 劫机

Ex: Over the years , criminals have occasionally hijacked vehicles for ransom .多年来,犯罪分子偶尔会**劫持**车辆以索取赎金。
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to carjack
[动词]

to forcibly steal a vehicle from its driver, often involving threats or violence

劫车, 强行偷车

劫车, 强行偷车

Ex: A witness called 911 after observing a suspicious individual attempting to carjack an elderly couple at a gas station .一名目击者在加油站观察到一个可疑个体试图**劫车**一对老年夫妇后拨打了911。
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to provide evidence or information that suggests a person's involvement in a crime or wrongdoing

控告,  归罪

控告, 归罪

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness , trying to expose any inconsistencies that could incriminate their client .辩护律师盘问了证人,试图揭露任何可能**指控**他们委托人的不一致之处。
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IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)
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