to make a quick and involuntary movement in response to a surprise, pain, or fear
cofnąć się, drgnąć
to ward off or prevent something undesirable from happening
zapobiegać, odstraszać
to reject or dismiss someone or something in an abrupt or blunt manner
odrzucać, odmawiać
to decrease, reduce, or restrict something, often by cutting down its size, duration, or range
skrócić, zmniejszyć
to provide a gift or quality, to someone or something, often implying a permanent gift or quality
obdarować, wyposażyć
to adhere firmly or stick closely to something
przylegać, przyklejać
to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.
unieważnić, cofnąć
to mark or be a sign of an entity or a concept
oznaczać, wskazywać
to necessitate or result in a logical consequence or outcome
pociągać za sobą, wymagać
to produce a harsh, grating sound or to utter with a rough, grating tone
zgrzytać, skrobać
to express contempt or derision by mocking, ridiculing, and laughing at someone or something
szydzić, wyśmiewać
to express great regret or sorrow for something
żałować, lamentować
to create a humorous or exaggerated representation of someone or something by distorting their features or characteristics
karykaturować, przesadzić
to give personal property to someone through a legal instrument, typically after one's death
przekazać, zapisać
to systematically collect and record demographic data about a population
spisać, przeprowadzać spis
to complain or show one's dissatisfaction with something
opłakiwać, narzekać