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Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - Matemática e Estatística

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre causa e efeito, como "dedução", "vertical", "segmento", etc., que são necessárias para o exame IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
graph
graph
[substantivo]

a diagram using points, lines, or similar marks to show relationships between numerical quantities

gráfico

gráfico

Ex: The teacher asked the class to study the graph before answering the questions. 
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sign
sign
[substantivo]

the property of a number indicating whether it is positive or negative, excluding zero

sinal, sinal algébrico

sinal, sinal algébrico

Ex: The function changes sign at the root. 
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deduction
deduction
[substantivo]

the action or process of taking an amount away from a total

dedução, subtração

dedução, subtração

Ex: In everyday life, deduction is often used when figuring out how many items remain after some are given away. 

No dia a dia, a dedução é frequentemente usada para descobrir quantos itens restam depois que alguns são dados.

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mathematically
mathematically
[advérbio]

in accordance with mathematical rules

matematicamente

matematicamente

Ex: The geometric proof was presented in a mathematically rigorous manner. 

A prova geométrica foi apresentada de uma maneira matematicamente rigorosa.

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mathematician
mathematician
[substantivo]

someone who is a specialist or expert in mathematics

matemático, matemática

matemático, matemática

Ex: The mathematician used a computer program to analyze the data more quickly. 

O matemático usou um programa de computador para analisar os dados mais rapidamente.

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parallel
parallel
[adjetivo]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

paralelo, equidistante

paralelo, equidistante

Ex: The beams of sunlight created parallel lines on the floor. 
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probability
probability
[substantivo]

a mathematical measure of how likely an event is to occur, expressed as a number between zero and one

probabilidade,  probabilidade matemática

probabilidade, probabilidade matemática

Ex: Researchers estimated the probability of failure at less than five percent. 
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problem
problem
[substantivo]

a question that can be answered by mathematics or logical thinking

problema, enigma

problema, enigma

Ex: She enjoys problems that involve patterns and sequences. 
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scale
scale
[substantivo]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

escala, magnitude

escala, magnitude

Ex: The scale of the forest fire was beyond anything the firefighters had ever encountered. 
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square
square
[substantivo]

(mathematics) the product of a number multiplied by itself

quadrado

quadrado

Ex: In the equation, x squared means the square of x. 
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vertical
vertical
[adjetivo]

positioned or extending straight up and down at a right angle to a horizontal surface

vertical,  verticais

vertical, verticais

Ex: The elevator provides vertical transportation between the floors. 
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set
set
[substantivo]

(mathematics) a group of things that belong together because of having some similarities

conjunto, grupo

conjunto, grupo

Ex: The number 3 belongs to this set. 
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axis
axis
[substantivo]

the central point or line around which an object turns

eixo, pivô

eixo, pivô

Ex: The sculpture slowly revolved on its central axis. 

A escultura girava lentamente em seu eixo central.

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bracket
bracket
[substantivo]

each of the two symbols [ ] used to indicate that the enclosed numbers or words should be considered separately

colchete, parêntese reto

colchete, parêntese reto

Ex: In sports tournaments, brackets [ ] are used to display match-ups and progressions of teams or players throughout the competition. 

Em torneios esportivos, os colchetes [ ] são usados para exibir os confrontos e o progresso das equipes ou jogadores ao longo da competição.

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equation
equation
[substantivo]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

equação

equação

Ex: Balancing chemical equations is crucial in chemistry to ensure conservation of atoms and mass. 
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to deduce
to deduce
[verbo]

to determine by a process of logical reasoning

deduzir, inferir

deduzir, inferir

Ex: Mathematicians use logical rules to deduce theorems from established axioms. 

Os matemáticos usam regras lógicas para deduzir teoremas a partir de axiomas estabelecidos.

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formula
formula
[substantivo]

(mathematics) a rule or law represented in symbols, letters, or numbers

fórmula

fórmula

Ex: Engineers rely on formulas to calculate stress and strain in materials under different conditions. 
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function
function
[substantivo]

(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

função

função

Ex: Engineers use mathematical functions to model and predict the behavior of physical systems. 
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ratio
ratio
[substantivo]

the result of dividing one number, quantity, or expression by another

razão, proporção

razão, proporção

Ex: The recipe uses a sugar-to-flour ratio of 1:2. 
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segment
segment
[substantivo]

the part of a circle enclosed between a chord and the arc it cuts off

Ex: Students were asked to find the area of each segment. 
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asymmetric
asymmetric
[adjetivo]

not having identical parts facing each other or around an axis

assimétrico

assimétrico

Ex: The asymmetric layout of the garden incorporated winding paths and varied plantings for a naturalistic feel. 

O layout assimétrico do jardim incorporava caminhos sinuosos e plantações variadas para uma sensação naturalista.

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induction
induction
[substantivo]

the process of deriving a general principle from specific observations or instances

indução, raciocínio indutivo

indução, raciocínio indutivo

Ex: Teachers often encourage students to learn mathematics through induction. 

Os professores frequentemente incentivam os alunos a aprender matemática por meio da indução.

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to divide
to divide
[verbo]

(mathematics) to calculate how many times a number contains another number

dividir, partilhar

dividir, partilhar

Ex: She learned how to divide large numbers at school. 
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percentage
percentage
[substantivo]

a number or amount expressed as a fraction of 100

porcentagem

porcentagem

Ex: The percentage of elderly population is expected to rise in the next decade. 
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algebra
algebra
[substantivo]

a branch of mathematics in which abstract letters and symbols represent numbers in order to generalize the arithmetic

álgebra

álgebra

Ex: Many real-world problems can be solved using algebraic equations and formulas. 

Muitos problemas do mundo real podem ser resolvidos usando equações e fórmulas algébricas.

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calculus
calculus
[substantivo]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

cálculo, análise

cálculo, análise

Ex: Differential equations are a key topic within calculus. 

As equações diferenciais são um tema chave dentro do cálculo.

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geometry
geometry
[substantivo]

the branch of mathematics that deals with the relation between the lines, angles and surfaces or the properties of the space

geometria

geometria

Ex: Ancient civilizations like the Greeks advanced the study of geometry. 

Civilizações antigas como os gregos avançaram o estudo da geometria.

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arithmetic
arithmetic
[substantivo]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

aritmética

aritmética

Ex: He struggled with arithmetic in elementary school but improved with extra practice. 

Ele lutou com a aritmética no ensino fundamental, mas melhorou com prática adicional.

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mean
mean
[substantivo]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

média, média aritmética

média, média aritmética

Ex: In the data set {2, 4, 6, 8}, the mean is 5. 
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variable
variable
[substantivo]

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

variável

variável

Ex: Scientists use variables to model complex systems and analyze how different factors affect outcomes. 
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normal distribution
normal distribution
[substantivo]

a function that shows the probability of variables in a symmetrical and bell-shaped graph

distribuição normal, distribuição gaussiana

distribuição normal, distribuição gaussiana

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correlation coefficient

(statistics) a measure used to show how strong is the relationship between two sets of data or variables

coeficiente de correlação, índice de correlação

coeficiente de correlação, índice de correlação

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dependent variable
dependent variable
[substantivo]

(statistics) a variable whose value is determined by the value of another variable in a function

variável dependente, variável explicada

variável dependente, variável explicada

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